Biochemical and Structural Studies of Conserved Maf Proteins Revealed Nucleotide Pyrophosphatases with a Preference for Modified Nucleotides

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Catalytic effect analysis of metallic additives on light crude oil by TG and DSC tests

This research aimed at the investigation of the effect of different metallic additive on the combustion and kinetic behavior of crude oil. For this purpose, the thermal behavior of the oil-only and oil–metallic salts mixtures were studies by the thermogravimetry (TG)/derivative thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) on heating rate at 10 °C min^?1. The result shows that Dagang crude oil exhibited apparent low temperature oxidation (LTO), fuel deposition, and high temperature oxidation processes. With the addition of metallic salts, the LTO process has been shortened and samples added CuSO₄, CrCl₃·6H₂O, and AlCl₃·6H₂O achieved a much lower peak temperature than that of oil. Based on the Arrhenius model, metallic additives were proven to have obvious influence on the combustion activation energy. And, by comprehensive analysis of TG/DSC profile and activation energy, ZnSO₄ exhibited a positive influence on light crude oil combustion during the high pressure air injection process.     

Thermogravimetry study of the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of macro-algae Macrocystis pyrifera residue

Macrocystis pyrifera is one important marine macro-algae, while its residues produced by industrial alginate extraction is a hot potato. To figure out whether its residue is suitable for pyrolysis for biofuel, the pyrolytic characteristics and kinetics of macro-algae M. pyrifera residue was investigated using thermogravimetric method from 50 to 800 °C in an inert argon atmosphere at different heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 30 °C min^?1. The activation energy and pre-exponential factor was calculated by Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose, and Popescu methods, and the kinetic mechanism was deduced by Popescu method. The results showed that the primary devolatilization stage of M. pyrifera residue can be described by Jander function $ \left(\left[ {1 - \left( {1 - \alpha } \right)^{1/3} } \right]^{2}\right) $ . The average activation energy of M. pyrifera residue was 222.4 kJ mol^?1. The results suggested that the experimental results and kinetic parameters provided useful information for the design of pyrolytic processing system using M. pyrifera residue as feedstock.     

高分子模板调控不同形貌氧化亚铜的仿生合成

采用聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为软模板,在CuSO4、Na2SO3体系中调控合成了片状、海胆状、一维线、针状聚集体氧化亚铜晶体。研究了不同浓度Cu2+、不同PAM含量及不同温度对晶体生长的影响。结果表明,PAM促使氧化亚铜异相成核,氧化亚铜形貌随PAM质量分数的变化而变化:当c(Cu2+)=0.5mol.L-1时,PAM质量分数为3.0%(常温引入体系),产物主要为片状晶体;PAM质量分数为1.0%、3.0%时(高温引入体系),分别获得一维线状、海胆状晶体;当Cu2+浓度为0.1 mol.L-1时,体系中高温引入质量分数3.0%的PAM,得到片层状晶体;当Cu2+浓度为0.3、0.4 mol.L-1时,得到针状聚集体氧化亚铜晶体。分别用X射线粉末衍射、冷场发射扫描电子显微镜和激光粒度仪对所制备的产品进行了表征。     

炔桥联不对称苯基取代双二茂铁衍生物的设计合成和电化学性质

以四苯基环戊二烯酮为起始原料,经过八步连续反应,成功地合成了3个炔桥联不对称五苯基取代双二茂铁衍生物Fc''-C≡C-Fc（1）、Fc''-C≡C-C≡C-Fc（2）和Fc''-C≡C-C≡C-Fc''（3）（Fc''=五苯基二茂铁基,Fc=二茂铁基）。在设计合成双二茂铁衍生物的过程中,首先经过4步反应,制备出已知化合物Fc''-H（4）,再连续进行3步反应,分别得到3个中间化合物Fc''-COCH₃（5）,Fc''-CCl=CHCHO（6）和Fc''-C≡CH（7）,最后利用偶联反应,得到目标化合物1~3。利用X射线单晶衍射和循环伏安法,测定了化合物1、2和5、7的晶体结构,研究了化合物1~7的电化学性质。研究结果表明,分子的C-H…π键相互作用和空间位阻是导致化合物1和2分子中Fc''和Fc基空间排布取向不同的主要原因。当二茂铁的一个环戊二烯环上引入5个苯取代基时,铁中心的氧化还原电位将升高（E_p^a（Fc''-H）=0.658 V,E_p^a（Fc-H）=0.511 V）。与已知化合物Fc-C≡C-Fc（ΔE=0.215 V）和Fc-C≡C-C≡C-Fc（ΔE=0.134 V）相比,化合物1~3的氧化电位差值（ΔE）均有不同程度地提高（ΔE₁=0.236 V;ΔE₂=0.170 V;ΔE₃=0.146 V）。将1与Fc-C≡C-Fc,2与Fc-C≡C-C≡C-Fc和3进行比较发现,当炔桥两端连接不同的基团Fc''和Fc时,其氧化电位差值（ΔE）将明显提高。     

热分解法和碳热还原法制备掺钨VO2 /云母复合粉体的热致变色性能

用溶胶凝胶法和喷雾干燥技术在云母微粉表面包覆了不同nW/nV的掺钨V2O5溶胶,分别采用热分解和碳热还原得到了掺钨VO2/云母复合粉体。通过XRD、SEM对复合粉体进行了物相组成、微观形貌的表征。将复合粉体添加到紫外光固化树脂中形成复合薄膜,通过FTIR测试了复合薄膜相变过程中的红外透过率图谱,并通过DSC测试了复合粉体的相变温度(Tt)。结果表明两种热处理方法均得到了VO2(M),VO2晶体以蠕虫状附着在云母表面,同时钨的掺入使云母表面的VO2颗粒更加细小。不同掺杂量的复合粉体均表现出较优异的热致变色性能,相变前后在2 200 cm-1波数处的红外透过率变化量(ΔTr)均超过20%。随着nW/nV增加,复合粉体的ΔTr逐渐减小,Tt逐步降低,同时相变陡然性减缓。     

基于两个取代四甲基环戊二烯基配体的金属羰基化合物的合成及晶体结构

配体[C₅Me₄HR][R=4-BrPh(1),(MeC₅H₃N)CH₂(2)]分别与Mo(CO)₆,Ru₃(CO)₁₂和Fe(CO)₅在二甲苯中加热回流,得到了6个双核配合物trans-[η⁵-C₅Me₄R]₂Mo₂(CO)₆(3,4),trans-[(η⁵-C₅Me₄R)Ru(CO)(μ-CO)]₂(5,6)和trans-[η⁵-(C₅Me₄R)Fe(CO)(μ-CO)]₂(7,8,).通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对配合物的结构进行了表征,并用X-射线单晶衍射法测定了配合物3,5,6和8的结构.