Preferred electron-impact elimination of two CHO groups from A triapentafulvalenequinone. Formation of a triafulvalene radical cation?

The mass spectral fragmentations of 1,2-diphenyl- and 1,2-di (phenyl-d₅)-4,5-benzotriapentafulvalene-3,6-quinone indicate the preferred elimination of two CHO groups with the formation of triafulvalene radical cations.     

Microprocessor ratemeter for kinetic determinations

A simple, compact, easy-to-implement microprocessor ratemeter for kinetic determinations based on initial rate, fixed time, and variable time is presented. The hardware and software are such that the ratemeter can be used with almost any transducer or instrument to monitor reactions in a wide variety of chemical systems. The performance of the ratemeter is demonstrated by its application to the determination of phosphorus by stoppedflow spectrometry, glucose by amperometry, and alkaline phosphatase activity in control sera by visible spectrophotometry.     

1H and 13C n.m.r. study of butatriene-bis-tricarbonyliron complexes. Assignment of geometric orientation by comparative J(CCCH) values

A number of substituted butatriene-bis-tricarbonyliron complexes have been studied by ¹³C and ¹H n.m.r. spectroscopy. Long range coupling values, J(CCCH), have confirmed chemical shift results that methyl and phenyl groups assume opposite orientations at the coordinated double bonds with the methyl group preferentially trans to carbon and the phenyl group preferentially trans to iron.     

A better step-off algorithm for the knapsack problem

The knapsack problem, maximize Σ^m_{i = 1}c_ix_i when Σ^m_{i = 1}a_ix_i?b for integers x_i?0, can be solved by the classical step-off algorithm. The algorithm develops a series of feasible solutions with ever-increasing objective values. We make a change in the problem so that the step-off algorithm produces a series of solutions of not necessarily increasing objective values. A point is reached when no better solutions can be found and the calculation is stopped.     

Formation of hexacoordinate complexes of PhCCSiF3 with 2,2'-bipyridine and with 1,10-phenanthroline through intermolecular silicon...nitrogen interactions

Bidentate intermolecular Si...N interactions were utilized to form new hypervalent complexes of trifluoro-phenylethynyl-silane with 2,2'-bipyridine and with 1,10-phenanthroline. X-ray structures obtained for these complexes display a somewhat distorted octahedral geometry about the silicon atom. Binding constants ranging from 170 to 1600 M(-1) at 25 degrees C in CDCl3 were measured for the formation of these complexes, suggesting that such hypervalent complexes of silicon could be used as new motifs in supramolecular chemistry.     

Quantitative optical imaging of the pharmacokinetics of fluorescent-specific antibodies to tumor markers through tissuelike turbid media

Fluorescent optical imaging of tumors deep within tissue depends on specific binding of antibodies to the tumors' surface markers. These fluorescent antibodies propagating in the vicinity of the tumor can be attached to and (or) diffused away from it. We illustrate application of a new tool, based on the random-walk theory in turbid media, for extracting the pharmacokinetics of these fluorescent antibodies by data deconvolution, excluding the effect of upper turbid tissue layers.     

提供恒定发光度的LED驱动器

图1所示电路的输出电流在1.2～1.5V的输入电压范围内几乎是恒定的,并对晶体管的增益变化不敏感.晶体管Q1和Q2组成一个非稳态触发器.R1和C确定Q2的导通时间.在Q2导通期间,Q1截止,Q1的基极电压和电感器L中的电流逐渐升高.当Q1的基极电压达到大约0.6V时,Q1导通,而Q2截止.这种转换在电感器L中引起"逆转"动作.电感器两端的电压极性相反,存储在电感器中的能量以下降的脉冲电流形式传送给LED.在逆转期间,LED两端的电压几乎是恒定的.     

Simultaneous, quantitative analysis of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-N-acetylgalactosamine, UDP-glucose and UDP-galactose in human peripheral blood cells, muscle biopsies and cultured mesangial cells by capillary zone electrophoresis

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a capillary zone electrophoretic (CE) procedure for the accurate quantification of the UDP-hexosamines as well as for the corresponding UDP-hexoses in samples from various biological origins. Testing different buffer conditions, voltages, capillary dimensions and temperatures, optimal results were achieved with a 90 mM borate buffer, pH 9.0, at 18 degrees C and 15.5 kV in an uncoated fused-silica capillary of 50 cm x 50 microm and a detection wavelength of lambda = 262 nm. The total procedure, i.e., including variations of the sample preparation, showed coefficients of variation for the peak areas between 4. 1% and 10.4% in mesangial cells (n = 7) and between 7.8 and 10.3% (n = 6) in leukocytes for the components of interest. To improve precision, an internal standard was used for calibration. The limit of detection for all compounds is an absolute amount of 180 fmol, sufficient for the precise analysis of UDP-sugars in a limited amount of biological samples, such as human leukocytes (obtained from a 10 mL blood sample), muscle biopsies (< or = 100 mg), and mesangial kidney cells (ca. 2.5 x 10(5) cells). This reproducible, quantitative analysis of all four UDP-sugars from various biomedically relevant origins by CZE is a definite improvement over the generally used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedures. The CZE method allows the study of the flux through the hexosamine pathway in diabetes mellitus and other diseases in a simple, quantitative and accurate way.     

Als offene Filter

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