Spectrum of water vapor between 8050 and 9370 cm−1

Measurements of the line positions of H₂¹⁶O in the 8050 to 9370 cm^?1 region have been performed at a spectral resolution of 0.07 cm^?1. A grating spectrum of room-temperature water vapor and a Fourier transform spectrum of heated water vapor (T ? 60°C) were used in the interpretation. A careful analysis of the bands ν₁ + 3ν₂, 3ν₂ + ν₃, 2ν₁ + ν₂, ν₁ + ν₂ + ν₃, and ν₂ + 2ν₃ has led to a set of rotational levels belonging to the vibrational states (130), (031), (210), (111), and (012). Many vibrorotational resonances were detected.     

Molecular mechanism of Peptide-induced pores in membranes

We suggest a physical mechanism by which antimicrobial peptides spontaneously induce stable pores in membranes. Peptide binding to a lipid bilayer causes an internal stress, or internal membrane tension, that can be sufficiently strong to create pores. Like detergents, peptides have a high affinity for the rim of the pore. Binding to the rims reduces the line tension and decreases the number of peptides causing the internal membrane tension. Consequently, the pore radius is stable. The pore formation resembles a phase transition.     

Mixed‐chalcogenide double‐butterfly complex [{(CO)6Fe2SSe}2{μ‐­C(H)—C(H)}]

Bubbling acetyl­ene gas slowly through a methanol solution of [(CO)₆Fe₂{μ‐SSe}] containing sodium acetate for 48 h at room temperature yields the double‐butterfly complex μ‐[ethane‐1,1,2,2‐tetra(selenido/sulfido)]bis[hexacarbonyldiiron(Fe—Fe)], [Fe₄(C₂H₂S₂Se₂)(CO)₁₂]. The molecular structure was established by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction techniques. The structure consists of two Fe₂SSe butterfly units linked to each other through a bridging HC—CH group. The mol­ecule has twofold symmetry and the two Fe atoms have distorted octahedral geometries.     

Influence of Nanoinclusions on Thermoelectric Properties of <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Type Bi<Subscript>2</Subscript>Te<Subscript>3</Subscript> Nanocomposites

n-Type Bi₂Te₃ nanocomposites with enhanced figure of merit, ZT, were fabricated by a simple, high-throughput method of mixing nanostructured Bi₂Te₃ particles obtained through melt spinning with micron-sized particles. Moderately high power factors were retained, while the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposites was found to decrease with increasing weight percent of nanoinclusions. The peak ZT values for all the nanocomposites were above 1.1, and the maximum shifted to higher temperature with increasing amount of nanoinclusions. A maximum ZT of 1.18 at 42°C was obtained for the 10 wt.% nanocomposite, which is a 43% increase over the bulk sample at the same temperature. This is the highest ZT reported for n-type Bi₂Te₃ binary material, and higher ZT values are expected if state-of-the-art Bi₂Te_3−x Se _x materials are used.     

Security Problems in an RFID System

This paper focuses on the security and privacy threats being faced by the low-cost RFID communication system, the most challenging of which relate to eavesdropping, impersonation, and tag cloning problems. The security issues can be improved and solved by utilizing both prevention and detection strategies. Prevention technique is needed since it offers resistance capabilities toward eavesdroppers and impersonators. Detection technique is vital to minimize the negative effects of tag cloning threats. This paper proposes the use of both prevention and detection techniques to make RFID communication more secure. Lightweight cryptographic algorithm, which conforms to the EPC Class-1 Generation-2 standard, is used in the proposed mutual authentication protocol for RFID system to raise security levels. In addition, electronic fingerprinting system is deployed in the proposed solution as a detection method to distinguish counterfeit and legitimate tags.     

Enzymatic Synthesis of Lipid II and Analogues

The emergence of antibiotic resistance has prompted active research in the development of antibiotics with new modes of action. Among all essential bacterial proteins, transglycosylase polymerizes lipid II into peptidoglycan and is one of the most favorable targets because of its vital role in peptidoglycan synthesis. Described in this study is a practical enzymatic method for the synthesis of lipid II, coupled with cofactor regeneration, to give the product in a 50–70 % yield. This development depends on two key steps: the overexpression of MraY for the synthesis of lipid I and the use of undecaprenol kinase for the preparation of polyprenol phosphates. This method was further applied to the synthesis of lipid II analogues. It was found that MraY and undecaprenol kinase can accept a wide range of lipids containing various lengths and configurations. The activity of lipid II analogues for bacterial transglycolase was also evaluated.     

Hypervalent Iodine(III) Sulfonate Mediated Synthesis of 2‐Arylimidazo[1,2‐a]Pyrimidines in Liquid PEG‐400

PEG‐400[poly(ethylene glycol‐400)] is used as a “green” recyclable solvent in the one‐pot synthesis of 2‐arylimidazo[1,2‐a]pyrimidines by reaction with ketones, [hydroxyl(2,4‐dinitrobenzenesulfonyloxy)‐iodo]benzene (HDNIB), and 2‐aminopyrimidine. Significant rate enhancements and improved yields have been observed.     

Electrophoretic and immunochemical evidence showing that marsupial limb muscles express the same fast and slow myosin heavy chains as eutherians

Limb muscles of eutherian (placental) mammals express a slow and three fast isoforms of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), but little is known about marsupial MyHCs. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of limb MyHCs from seven marsupial species, spanning two orders, revealed four components, each of which specifically cross-reacted in Western blots with a monoclonal antibody (mAb) against a corresponding eutherian MyHC. For all seven species, the relative mobility of the band identified by each mAb matched that in the rat, suggesting that the four are homologous to eutherian slow, 2B, 2X and 2A MyHCs, respectively, in the order of decreasing mobility. Immunohistochemical analysis of fast marsupial limb muscles identitied four different fiber populations whose relative fiber size spectra (IIA相似文献   

All‐Inorganic CsPb1−xGexI2Br Perovskite with Enhanced Phase Stability and Photovoltaic Performance

Compared with organic‐inorganic perovskites, all‐inorganic cesium‐based perovskites without volatile organic compounds have gained extensive interests because of the high thermal stability. However, they have a problem on phase transition from cubic phase (active for photo‐electric conversion) to orthorhombic phase (inactive for photo‐electric conversion) at room temperature, which has hindered further progress. Herein, novel inorganic CsPb_1?xGe_xI₂Br perovskites were prepared in humid ambient atmosphere without a glovebox. The phase stability of the all‐inorganic perovskite was effectively enhanced after germanium addition. In addition, the highest power conversion efficiency of 10.8 % with high open‐circuit voltage (V_OC) of 1.27 V in a planar solar cell based on CsPb_0.8Ge_0.2I₂Br perovskite was achieved. Furthermore, the highest V_OC up to 1.34 V was obtained by CsPb_0.7Ge_0.3I₂Br perovskite, which is a remarkable record in the field of all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells. More importantly, all the photovoltaic parameters of CsPb_0.8Ge_0.2I₂Br perovskite solar cells showed nearly no decay after 7 h measurement in 50–60 % relative humidity without encapsulation.