Ion flotation of rhodium(III) and palladium(II) with anionic surfactants

The ion flotation of rhodium(III) and palladium(II) with some anionic surfactants has been investigated. Two flotation procedures are proposed for the separation of some platinum metals, based on differences in the kinetic properties of the chloro-complexes of rhodium(III), palladium(II) and platinum(IV). The first involves the selective flotation of Rh(H(2)O)(3+)(6) from PdCl(2-)(4) and PtCl(2-)(6) in dilute hydrochloric acid with sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS). After precipitation of the hydroxide and redissolution in dilute acid, the Rh(III) is converted into Rh(H(2)O)(3+)(6), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) remaining as PdCl(2-)(4) and PtCl(2-)(6) respectively, and separation is achieved by floating the Rh(H(2)O)(3+)(6) with SDBS. The second is for separation of Pd(II). Prior to flotation, the solution of PdCl(2-)(4) and PtCl(2-)(6) is heated with ammonium acetate to convert PdCl(2-)(4) into Pd(NH(3))(2+)(4). The chloro-complex of Pt(IV) is unaffected. The complex cation, Pd(NH(3))(2+)(4), is then selectively floated with SDBS. The procedures are fast, simple and do not require expensive reagents and apparatus.     

羧基膦－钯－酸体系催化烯烃氢酯基化反应

以钯－膦－酸体系催化烯烃氢酯基化的反应日显重要，而膦配体是决定此反应的重要因素，用二苯基膦乙酸（ＤＰＡ）为配体的钯催化剂体系，对烯烃的氢酯基化反应作了研究。对影响反应的各种因素如反应温度、反应压力、不同的溶剂、膦配体及酸助剂的量等作了考察，发现此配体对烯烃的区域选择性有改善。并用此催化体系对不同结构的烯烃进行了研究，发现有如下的活性顺序：环烯烃＞直链端烯＞直链内烯。     

微生物合成的β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基己酸酯共聚物/聚乳酸共混材料(PHBHHx/PLA)的力学性能与生物降解性研究

通过熔融共混法制备了聚乳酸/微生物产β-羟基丁酸酯与β-羟基己酸共聚物的共混物(PLA/PHBHHx)。采用拉伸力学试验研究了共混物的力学性能。通过土壤悬浊培养降解法和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析对共混材料的生物降解性能进行了研究。实验结果表明,随着PHBHHx含量的增加,共混物的拉伸强度和杨氏模量降低,而生物降解速率却显著提高。但是,在175h之前,重量组成比为20/80的共混物降解速率比纯PHBHHx还要快。综合分析表明,共混材料PLA/PHBHHx的重量比为20/80时,具有优良的力学性能和生物降解性。     

C36填充单壁碳纳米管的结构和电子性质

The structures and electronic properties for C36 encapsulated in four single-wall armchair carbon nanotubes (C36@(n,n), n=6-9) were calculated using ab initio self-consistent field crystal orbital method based on density functional theory. The calculations show that the interwall spacing between the carbon nanotube and C36 plays an important role in the stabilities of resultant structures. The optimum interwall spacing is about 0.30 nm and the tubes can be considered as inert containers for the encapsulated C36. The Fermi levels and relative position of energy bands also have something to do with the interwall spacing. The shifts of Fermi level and C36-derived electron states modulate the electron properties of these structures. The extra electrons fill the bands of C36@(8,8) with the optimum interwall spacing almost in a rigid-band manner.     

聚碳酸亚丙酯对聚(β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯)结晶行为的影响

用FTIR和DSC研究了PHBV及其与聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)熔融共混样的熔融结晶行为和等温结晶动力学.结果表明,PHBV与PPC熔融共混过程中发生了酯交换反应,两组分间存在一定的相互作用.PPC虽然能降低PHBV结晶折迭链的表面自由能,但同时也能够降低PHBV的结晶度、球晶径向生长速率、平衡熔点和结晶能力.     

天祝煤MRF工艺热解焦油的组成分析

本文对天祝煤ＭＲＦ（ＭｕｔｉｓｔａｇｅＲｏｔａｒｙＦｕｒｎａｃｅ）热解焦油进行了常规及元素分析，了解其基本特性；用毛细管色谱分别对焦油各馏分进行了分析，共定性定量了１０３种化合物，酚类化合物以低级酚（苯酚、甲酚）为主，中性化合物为多烷基芳烃衍生物、脂肪族链状烷烃和烯烃。上述分析结果为从焦油中提取酚类化工原料或将其加工成各种燃料油的可行性提供了依据。     

纳米/微米碳酸钙的结构表征和热分解行为

采用棕榈酸对纳米碳酸钙进行有机表面改性, 运用SEM﹑TEM、XRD、FTIR 及TG-DTG 对表面改性前后的纳米碳酸钙进行表征, 并与微米碳酸钙的微晶结构及热分解特性进行比较. FTIR 分析结果确证了棕榈酸与纳米碳酸钙表面是以化学键合和物理吸附方式相结合, 粒子表面存在羧基等有机官能团的红外吸收特征. 对比研究发现, 碳酸钙微晶纳米化后, 其红外V3特征吸收峰出现约35 cm-1 的蓝移现象, 并且明显窄化. 初步解释了纳米碳酸钙红外吸收峰蓝移的原因, 认为尺寸效应和晶体场效应是影响纳米碳酸钙红外光谱特征的主要因素. 微晶结构的变化使得纳米碳酸钙的热分解反应表现出反常特性, 热分解温度较微米碳酸钙下降了40.6 ℃.     

Improving MCM‐41 as a Nitrosamines Trap through a One‐Pot Synthesis

Copper oxide was incorporated into MCM‐41 by a one‐pot synthesis under acidic conditions to prepare a new mesoporous nitrosamines trap for protection of the environment. The resulting composites were characterized by XRD, N₂ adsorption–desorption, and H₂ temperature‐programmed reduction techniques, and their adsorption capabilities were assessed in the gaseous adsorption of N‐nitrosopyrrolidine (NPYR). The adsorption isotherms were consistent with the Freundlich equation. The copper salt was deposited onto MCM‐41 during the evaporation stage and was fixed on the host in the calcination process that followed. MCM‐41 was able to capture NPYR in air below 373 K but not at 453 K. Loading of copper oxide on MCM‐41 greatly improved its adsorption capability at elevated temperatures. The influence of the incorporation of copper into MCM‐41 samples and the adsorption behavior of these samples are discussed in detail.     

铑配合物的抗肿瘤活性及其作用机制研究

自从Rosenberg等人发现顺铂具有抗肿瘤活性以来，金属配合物的抗肿瘤活性引起了人们的广泛关注。本文综述了近年来铑配合物抗肿瘤活性的研究进展，并对铑配合物的抗肿瘤机制和构效关系进行了探讨，为进一步寻找高效低毒和抗肿瘤谱广的新药物揭示了可循的途径。     

Ionic limiting molar conductivity calculation of Li-ion battery electrolyte based on mode coupling theory

A method is proposed based on mode coupling theory in which the ion transference number is introduced into the theory. The ionic limiting molar conductivities of LiPF6, LiClO4, LiBF4, LiCF3SO3, Li(CF3SO3)2N, LiC4F9SO3, and LiAsF6 in PC(propylene carbonate), GBL(gamma-butyrolactone), PC(propylene carbonate)/EMC(ethylmethyl carbonate), and PC(propylene carbonate)/DME(dimethoxyethane) are calculated based on this method, which does not involve any adjustable parameter. The results fit well to the literature data which are calculated by an empirically adjusted formula. This presents a potential way to calculate the conductivities of Li-ion battery electrolytes.