Pad effects on material-removal rate in chemical-mechanical planarization

The role of a porous pad in controlling material-removal rate (MRR) during the chemical-mechanical planarization (CMP) process has been studied numerically. The numerical results are used to develop a phenomenological model that correlates the forces on each individual abrasive particle to the applied nominal pressure. The model provides a physical explanation for the experimentally observed domains of pressure-dependent MRR, where the pad deformation controls the load sharing between active-abrasive particles and direct pad-wafer contact. The predicted correlations between MRR and slurry characteristics, i.e., particle size and concentration, are in agreement with experimentally measured trends reported by Ouma¹ and Izumitani.²     

Multipartite Entanglement Preparation and Quantum Communication with Atomic Ensembles

We propose an experimentally feasible scheme to generate Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger type of maximal entanglement among three atomic ensembles, and show one of the applications, controlled secure direct communication. The scheme involves laser manipulation of atomic ensembles, quarter- and half-wave plates, beam splitters, polarizing beam splitters and single-photon detectors, which are within the reach of current experimental technology.     

Solutions in Sobolev spaces of vector refinement equations with a general dilation matrix

In this paper, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of solutions in a Sobolev space W_p^k(ℝ^s) (1≤p≤∞) to a vector refinement equation with a general dilation matrix. The criterion is constructive and can be implemented. Rate of convergence of vector cascade algorithms in a Sobolev space W_p^k(ℝ^s) will be investigated. When the dilation matrix is isotropic, a characterization will be given for the L_p (1≤p≤∞) critical smoothness exponent of a refinable function vector without the assumption of stability on the refinable function vector. As a consequence, we show that if a compactly supported function vector φ∈L_p(ℝ^s) (φ∈C(ℝ^s) when p=∞) satisfies a refinement equation with a finitely supported matrix mask, then all the components of φ must belong to a Lipschitz space Lip(ν,L_p(ℝ^s)) for some ν>0. This paper generalizes the results in R.Q. Jia, K.S. Lau and D.X. Zhou (J. Fourier Anal. Appl. 7 (2001) 143–167) in the univariate setting to the multivariate setting. Dedicated to Professor Charles A. Micchelli on the occasion of his 60th birthday Mathematics subject classifications (2000) 42C20, 41A25, 39B12. Research was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canada) under Grant G121210654.     

中国台湾电信市场现状

台湾电信市场的开放大致分四个阶段,从1995年起,陆续开放了移动通信、卫星通信及固定通信等多种业务。固网市场,2001年新世纪资通、台湾固网和力霸宽频电信的加入打破了中华电信的独家垄断,开始形成四强竞争的新局面。移动领域,1997年底6家运营商8张民营执照的发放开始了该领域史无前例的竞争。在2001年1月,台湾大哥大、远致电信、亚太行动宽频、联邦电信和中华电信获得了3G执照,累计竞标金额达488.99亿元(新台币)。     

用13CNMR研究聚甲基丙烯酸锡酯的立构序列分布

本文测定了自由基型溶液聚合的聚甲基丙烯酸三甲基锡酯(PTMTM),聚甲基丙烯酸三乙基锡酯(PTETM)和聚甲基丙烯酸三丁基锡酯(PTBTM)的¹³C-NMR谱,对其C-2谱扩展分峰,计算立构序列,从定量数据表明,聚合物样品的空间立构富于或稍富于间规立构,随取代基的体积增大而趋于无规分布,作者认为受空间位阻效应和分子内或分子间形成配位键的影响。     

薄相屏闪烁的数值分析

本文在弱闪烁条件下，利用广泛适用于星际闪烁、行星际闪烁和电离层闪烁的薄相屏理论，以行星际闪烁为算例，对薄相屏闪烁进行了数值分析。结果表明：垂直于介质运动方向上的不规则结构的大小对闪烁有着重要的影响，直接表现在频谱的变化趋势和振荡幅度的不同。尤其是当小于Ｆｒｅｓｎｅｌ尺度时，数值计算表明此时没有闪烁发生。     

Application of asymptotic waveform evaluation to eigenmode expansion method for analysis of simultaneous switching noise in printed circuit boards (PCBs)

In this paper, the asymptotic waveform evaluation (AWE) technique is first applied to the conventional eigenmode expansion method for characterizing a power/ground (P/G) plane pair and analyzing the simultaneous switching noise on such plane pairs for printed circuit boards or multichip modules. The application of AWE avoids a large number of iterations in computing the impedance frequency response of a P/G plane pair structure and greatly reduces the computation time. Meanwhile, to obtain an accurate solution in an entire frequency range, we employ the complex frequency hopping technique which can help select multiple expansion points. In addition, the proposed approach can also be used to characterize the P/G plane pair structures with irregular shapes. Three examples demonstrate its high efficiency and good accuracy.     

中国香港电信盈科公司近期经营业绩分析

中国香港电信与盈科数码动力有限公司合并以后更名为电信盈科。它由一家以技术为主的电信公司转型为亚太地区、特别是两岸三地的商界及个人客户提供服务的综合通信服务供应商，主要提供电话服务、互联网、商企电贸服务、数据中心、客户联络中心、环球通信服务和基建业务。分析了2001-2002年上半年其电信、商企电贸、基建以及与Telstra结盟等业务市场的经营情况。     

动态模糊随机信息处理的数学方法

本文系统地概述了我们近年来提出的动态模糊随机信息处理的数学方法,内容包括模糊随机变量、模糊随机过程和模糊随机微分方程的基本解法等方面的基本概念、基本定义和某些重要的定理,以及动态系统的模糊随机响应与可靠性分析的方法等。这些方法是为我们研究工程实际问题的需要逐步发展起来的,对于处理某些类型的问题简便实用。