An Improved SIP Authentication Scheme Based on Server-Oriented Biometric Verification

Wireless Personal Communications - The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) provides a way to control the wired and wireless Voice over Internet Protocol-based communication over an insecure channel....     

Function-Level Processor (FLP): A Novel Processor Class for Efficient Processing of Streaming Applications

The exponential growth in computation demand drives chip vendors to heterogeneous architectures combining Instruction-Level Processors (ILPs) and custom HW Accelerators (HWACCs) in an attempt to provide the needed processing capabilities while meeting power/energy requirements. ILPs, on one hand, are highly flexible, but power inefficient. Custom HWACCs, on the other hand, are inflexible (focusing on dedicated kernels), but highly power efficient. New processing architectures are needed that combine the power efficiency of HWACCs while still retaining sufficient flexibility to realize applications across targeted markets. This article introduces Function-Level Processors (FLPs) to fill the gap between ILPs and dedicated HWACCs. FLPs are comprised of configurable Function Blocks (FBs) implementing selected functions which are then interconnected via programmable point-to-point connections constructing an extensible/configurable macro data-path. An FLP raises programming abstraction to a Function-Set Architecture (FSA) controlling FBs allocation, configuration and scheduling. We demonstrate FLP benefits with an industry example of the Pipeline-Vision Processor (PVP). We highlight the gained flexibility by mapping 10 embedded vision applications entirely to the FLP-PVP offering up to 22.4 GOPs/s with an average power of 120 mW. The results also demonstrate that our FLP-PVP solution consumes 1/18th - 1/14th of the power of an ILP and 1/5th of the power of a hybrid ILP+HWACCs.     

Fast Quantitation of Target Analytes in Small Volumes of Complex Samples by Matrix‐Compatible Solid‐Phase Microextraction Devices

Herein we report the development of solid‐phase microextraction (SPME) devices designed to perform fast extraction/enrichment of target analytes present in small volumes of complex matrices (i.e. V≤10 μL). Micro‐sampling was performed with the use of etched metal tips coated with a thin layer of biocompatible nano‐structured polypyrrole (PPy), or by using coated blade spray (CBS) devices. These devices can be coupled either to liquid chromatography (LC), or directly to mass spectrometry (MS) via dedicated interfaces. The reported results demonstrated that the whole analytical procedure can be carried out within a few minutes with high sensitivity and quantitation precision, and can be used to sample from various biological matrices such as blood, urine, or Allium cepa L single‐cells.     

Refractive index profiling across a candle flame using speckle techniques

Speckle techniques for refractive index measurements are analyzed theoretically. It is demonstrated that the resulting speckle pattern is equivalent to the ordinary pattern convolved with a function representing the effect of light deflection, while the obtained interference pattern is modulated by a background representing the autocorrelation function of the diffuser. The technique is applied to the region above a candle flame. An improved quality of the interference fringes is achieved with a multiple-exposure technique.     

General exact solution of the fin problem with the power law temperature‐dependent thermal conductivity

In this paper, the general exact implicit solution of the second‐order nonlinear ordinary differential equation governing heat transfer in rectangular fin is obtained using Lie point symmetry method. General relationship among the fin efficiency, the rate of heat transfer from the entire fin, the fin effectiveness, and the thermo‐geometric fin parameter is obtained for any value of the mode of heat transfer n and the constant β. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Three-dimensional flow field measurements using LDV in the exit region of a radial inflow turbine

Detailed flow investigation in the downstream region of a radial inflow turbine was performed using a three component Laser Doppler Velocimeter. The flow velocities are measured in the exit region of the turbine at an off-design operating condition. The measured parameters are correlated to the rotor blade rotation to observe any periodic nature of the flow. The measurements reveal a complex flow pattern near the tip region at the rotor exit due to the interaction of the tip clearance flow. The effect of the rotor on the exit flow field is observed in the proximity of the rotor exit.List of symbols IGV inlet guide vane - LDV Laser Doppler Velocimeter - N data sample size - r radial direction - t tangential direction - U velocity components - mean value of velocity component - U _bl rotor blade velocity - V ₀ total velocity - V _R reference total velocity used for normalizing (time and passage averaged) - W on-axis velocity component - z axial direction - absolute flow angle - standard deviation in a velocity data sample - U measurement uncertainty of velocity component U - coupling angle between the purple optical axis and the blue-green optical axis - angle between the resultant velocity and the blue component velocity - mv mean value - b blue component - g green component - i measurement point - j rotor blade position - m mean value - p purple component - r radial component - rz radial-axial plane - rt radial-tangential plane - t tangential component - z axial component - zt axial-tangential plane This research was supported by NSF Contract No. CTS-9012309 during 1990–1993.A version of this paper was presented at the International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition, The Hague, Netherlands, June 13–16, 1994.     

Disorder effect on heat capacity,self-diffusion coefficient,and choosing best potential model for melting temperature,in gold–copper bimetallic nanocluster with 55 atoms

Molecular dynamics simulation has been implemented for doping effect on melting temperature, heat capacity, self-diffusion coefficient of gold–copper bimetallic nanostructure with 55 total gold and copper atom numbers and its bulk alloy. Trend of melting temperature for gold–copper bimetallic nanocluster is not same as melting temperature copper–gold bulk alloy. Molecular dynamics simulation of our result regarding bulk melting temperature is consistence with available experimental data. Molecular dynamics simulation shows that melting temperature of gold–copper bimetallic nanocluster increases with copper atom fraction. Semi-empirical potential model and quantum Sutton–Chen potential models do not change melting temperature trend with copper doping of gold–copper bimetallic nanocluster. Self-diffusion coefficient of copper atom is greater than gold atom in gold–copper bimetallic nanocluster. Semi-empirical potential within the tight-binding second moment approximation as new application potential model for melting temperature of gold–copper bulk structure shows better result in comparison with EAM, Sutton–Chen potential, and quantum Sutton–Chen potential models.     

Treatment of the small time instability in the finite element analysis of fluid structure interaction problems

In this paper, the fluid–structure interaction problem in mechanical systems in which a high frequency vibrating solid structure interacts with the surrounding fluid flow is considered. Such a situation normally appears in many microelectromechanical systems like a wide variety of microfluidic devices. A different implementation of the residual‐based variational multiscale flow method is employed within the arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian formulation. The combination of the variational multiscale method with appropriate stabilization parameters is used to handle the so‐called small time step instability in the finite element analysis of the fluid part in the coupled fluid–structure interaction problem. The capability of the employed approach has been demonstrated through finite element study of a benchmark example and FEM simulation of two different mechanical micropumping devices. High frequency vibrations of the solid membrane are used to derive the fluid flow in these micropumps. Results of FEM simulations are shown to be in good agreement with available experimental data.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Determination of micro-amounts of zirconium in mixed aqueous organic medium by normal and first-derivative spectrophotometry

Normal and first-derivative spectrophotometric methods have been applied to the determination Zr(IV) with Arsenazo-III in mixed aqueous organic medium. Zirconium (IV) has been determined in presence and in absence of U(VI). For the determination of Zr(IV) in presence of U(VI) no prior separation is needed. The suggested method was also applied to the individual and simultaneous determinations of Zr(IV) and U(VI) in different environmental samples and alloys without separation processes. The method has advantages of simplicity, accuracy and versatility over other conventional methods. The molar absorptivities of U(VI) and Zr(IV) complexes with Arsenazo-III increased to 7.24 × 10⁴ and 1.8 × 10⁵ L/mol cm, respectively, in comparison with values of 5.0 × 10⁴ and 1.2 × 10⁵ L/mol cm cited in literature.