A study of the effect of the loss function on Bayes Estimate,posterior risk and hazard function for Lindley distribution

In this paper, mathematical properties of Lindley distribution via Bayesian approach are derived under different loss functions. These properties include: Bayes Estimators, posterior risks and failure rate function for simulation scheme. Elicitation of hyperparameters is also discussed. A real life application to waiting time data at the bank is also described for the developed procedures (also using WinBUGS). Results are compared on the basis of posterior risk.     

A Low Voltage and Low Power Current-Mode Analog Computational Circuit

A new current-mode analog computational circuit is presented. The circuit can be digitally controlled to produce multiplying, squaring and inverse functions. The design is based on using MOSFETs operating in sub-threshold region to achieve ultra low power dissipation. The circuit is operated from a ±0.75 V DC supply. The proposed circuit has been simulated using Tanner in 0.35-μm TSMC CMOS process. Simulation results confirm the functionality of the circuit. The total power consumption is 2.3 μW, total harmonic distortion is 1.1 %, maximum linearity error is 0.3 % and the bandwidth is 2.3 MHz.     

Passive detection of image forgery using DCT and local binary pattern

With the development of easy-to-use and sophisticated image editing software, the alteration of the contents of digital images has become very easy to do and hard to detect. A digital image is a very rich source of information and can capture any event perfectly, but because of this reason, its authenticity is questionable. In this paper, a novel passive image forgery detection method is proposed based on local binary pattern (LBP) and discrete cosine transform (DCT) to detect copy–move and splicing forgeries. First, from the chrominance component of the input image, discriminative localized features are extracted by applying 2D DCT in LBP space. Then, support vector machine is used for detection. Experiments carried out on three image forgery benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of the method over recent methods in terms of detection accuracy.     

Photoluminescence emission behavior on the reduced band gap of Fe doping in CeO2-SiO2 nanocomposite and photophysical properties

Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite was synthesized via hydrothermal method. Bond length of nanocomposite was determined through FTIR analysis, while Raman analysis showed lattice relaxation of CeO₂ phase in Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂. TEM, XRD and DLS-PSA revealed an increase in size of Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ as compared to CeO₂-SiO₂ which was attributed to have more oxygen vacancies in CeO₂ after doping of iron. Lattice contraction was also observed in some phases of CeO₂ in Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite as compared to CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite. This contraction was used for determination of Fe content incorporated in CeO₂ [1 1 1] phase. The band gap values of Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite were found reduced after doping of Fe by factors of 0.62 and 0.55 eV, respectively. Photoluminescence study of the materials was carried out to study the different type of transitions occurring after absorption of electromagnetic radiation. Photoluminescence intensity at 2.12 eV was found enhanced after doping of Fe due to increased oxygen vacancy. Photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was studied with the degradation of chlorpyrifos pesticide.     

Harmonic and Intermodulation Performance of the Semiconductor Bolometer

A mathematical model for the temperature dependence of the bolometer semiconductor resistance is presented. The model, basically a sine-series function, can easily yield closed-form expressions for the harmonic and intermodulation performance of the acquired interferogram voltage with large-amplitude multisinusoidal variations in the incident radiation. The special case of two-tone equal-amplitude incident radiation is considered in detail. The results show that the intermodulation components are always higher than the harmonic components of the same order. The results also show that the second-order intermodulation is always dominant and is higher than the second-harmonic component by about 6 dB. Moreover, the results show that for relatively small incident amplitudes of the incident radiation the ratio between the second- and third-harmonic components is almost equal to the ratio between the second-harmonic component and the fundamental. The results also show that the ratio between the amplitudes of the second- and third-order intermodulation components is almost equal to the ratio between the amplitudes of the second-order intermodulation component and the fundamental.     

Homogeneous phase polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in supercritical carbon dioxide

For the first time, stabilizer‐free vinylidene fluoride (VDF) homopolymerizations were carried out in homogenous phase with supercritical CO₂ using the conventional initiator di‐tert butyl peroxide (DTBP). In‐line FT‐NIR spectroscopy showed that complete monomer conversion may be obtained. Molecular weights were determined via size‐exclusion chromatography and polymer endgroup analysis by ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy. The number average molecular weights were below 10⁴ g mol^?1 and polydispersities ranged from 3.1 to 5.7 depending on DTBP and VDF concentration. For allowing isothermal reaction, high CO₂ contents ranging from 61 to 83 wt % were used. The high‐temperature and high‐pressure conditions required for homogeneous polymerization did not alter the amount of defects in VDF chaining. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that regular stack‐type particles are obtained upon expansion of the homogeneous polymerization mixture. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 5626–5635, 2007     

Equilibration in bicyclic pyroglutamates by ring opening-reclosure

Enantiopure bicyclic tetramates, readily obtained by Dieckmann ring closure on oxazolidine-derived templates, can be further converted to hydroxypyroglutamates by kinetically controlled nucleophilic additions, and some of these products are capable of equilibration via a facile retro-aldol/aldol reclosure.     

Ethyl Chloroformate as a Derivatizing Reagent for Capillary GC Determination of Dopamine, Adrenaline, Putrescine, and Histamine

Putrescine (Pu), histamine (HA), phenylhydrazine (PHZ), octopamine (OA), dopamine (DA), adrenaline (AD), and noradrenaline (NA) as the ethyl chloroformate (ECF) derivatives have been analyzed by capillary gas chromatography. The derivatives were separated on a 30 m × 0.32 mm i.d. HP-5 column by temperature programming from 100 °C (held for 1 min) to 250 °C at 10 min^?1. The total run time was 16 min. Nitrogen was used as carrier gas at a flow rate of 4 mL min^?1 and detection was by FID. PHZ was used as internal standard. The split ratio was 10:1 (v/v). The calibration curves were linear in the range 4–60 ng injected (1 μL injection) with detection limits 1.3–4.0 ng per injection (1 μL). When the method was used for determination of DA and AD in pharmaceutical preparations the relative standard deviation (RSD) was in the range 1–2.5%. When the effect of several additives was tested these did not affect the analyses. Pu and HA were estimated in fish samples with RSD 0.9–1.1 and 0.9–1.2%, respectively.