Tristimulus colorimetry using a digital still camera and its application to determination of iron and residual chlorine in water samples.

Tristimulus colorimetry using a digital still camera (DSC) as a colorimeter has been developed. A photograph of a sample and standard solutions was taken simultaneously with the DSC, and it was transferred to a PC. On the PC, the colors of the sample and of the standard solutions were analyzed and L* (brightness), a* (red-green component), and b* (yellow-blue component) values were determined with laboratory-made software. A dedicated light-box containing white-color LEDs as light source was made of white acrylic to make constant exposure at each photograph. Various settings of the DSC, such as exposure mode, white balance, and so on, that affect analytical figures, were studied with determination of iron with 1,10-phenanthroline. This method was successfully applied to the determinations of iron in a river water sample and of residual chlorine in tap water samples with N,N-diethylphenylenediamine (DPD).     

V型天线的行波加载公式

本文研究了ｖ型天线上电流分布与阻抗加载的关系，导出了支持天线上行波电流的阻抗加载公式。讨论了天线张角、振子半径以及振子长度与加载量的关系和规律，说明了加载Ｖ型天线的宽带特性。文中还计算了在高斯脉冲激励下，不同加载量的天线上瞬态电流的分布，由此可以表明所导加载公式的正确性与重要性。     

男性型秃发患者发中K,Na,Ca,Mg元素含量分析

采用火焰原子吸收法对３０例男性型秃发患者及３８例毛发健康男性对照者发中宏量元素Ｋ、Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ的含量进行了测定。结果表明，男性型秃发患者发Ｋ含量明显高于对照组，具有统计学上的显著差异（Ｐ〈０．０１）。发Ｎａ、Ｃａ、Ｍｇ含量在两组间未见显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。本文提示，体内某些宏量元素变化对男性型秃发可能产生一定影响。     

Background-free,fast protein staining in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel using counterion dyes,zincon and ethyl violet

A background-free, fast protein staining method in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis using an acidic dye, zincon (ZC) and a basic dye, ethyl violet (EV) is described. It is based on the counterion dye staining technique that employs two oppositely charged dyes to form an ion-pair complex in staining solution. The selective binding of free dye molecules to proteins in acidic solution produces bluish violet-colored bands. It is a rapid and end-point staining procedure, involving only fixing and staining steps that are completed in 1-1.5 h. The detection limit of this method is 8-15 ng of protein that is comparable to the sensitivity of the colloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue G (CBBG) stain. Due to its sensitivity and speed, this stain may be more practical than any other dye-based stains for routine laboratory purposes.     

Organic phase conversion of bulk (wurtzite) ZnO to nanophase (wurtzite and zinc blende) ZnO

We describe the all-organic phase conversion of bulk commercial ZnO in the wurtzite modification to sub-30 nm ZnO that we find to be partially in the zinc blende [, a=4.568(3) Å] modification. The conversion involves refluxing ZnO in 2,4-pentanedione (acetylacetone) at 413 K to form the zinc 2,4-pentanedionate, which is decomposed by heating at 573 K in an appropriate high-temperature solvent such as dibenzylether to form nanophase ZnO. This nanophase, partially zinc blende ZnO can also be obtained in a single step by heating commercial zinc 2,4-pentanedionate in refluxing dibenzylether. Thermodiffractometry suggests that the conversion of zinc blende ZnO to wurtzite ZnO commences near 650 K.     

Correlating second harmonic optical responses of single Ag nanoparticles with morphology

Femtosecond laser excited second harmonic (SH) activity from single Ag nanoparticles is reported. A correlation of SH single-particle measurements with high-resolution imaging of particle morphology by TEM was achieved by creating position markers on an optical and electron transparent substrate (Si3N4 thin film, approximately 100 nm). We compared the SH activity of single Ag nanoparticles (nanospheres versus nanorods) and cluster structures (composed of two or multiple particles, e.g., dimers and trimers). The direct correlation of single-particle structures and SH activity, spectral and power dependence, strongly suggests one-photon resonant driven nonlinear oscillator response mechanism.     

Metastasis-suppressor KAI1/CD82 induces homotypic aggregation of human prostate cancer cells through Src-dependent pathway

To investigate the functional role of KAI1/CD82, a metastasis suppressor for human prostate cancer, in the regulation of homotypic cell adhesion, we transfected KAI1 cDNA into DU 145 human prostate cancer cells and established stable transfectant clones with high KAI1/CD82 expression. The KAI1 transfectant cells exhibited significantly increased homotypic cell aggregation in comparison with the control transfectant cells. This aggregation of the KAI1 transfectants was further enhanced upon exposure to anti-CD82 antibody, suggesting that KAI1/CD82 may be involved in the intracellular signaling for the cell adhesion. Among several signal pathway inhibitors tested, PP1, an inhibitor of Src family kinases, significantly suppressed homotypic aggregation of the KAI1 transfectant cells. Ligation of KAI1/CD82 with anti-CD82 antibody increased endogenous Src kinase activity of the KAI1 transfectant cells. When different types of src expression constructs were retransfected into the KAI1-transfected DU 145 cells, kinase-negative mutant src transfectant cells exhibited much lower homotypic aggregation than the mock cells transfected with an empty vector. Moreover, homotypic aggregation of the mutant src transfectant cells was not enhanced by KAI1/CD82 ligation with anti- CD82 antibody. These results suggest that Src mediates the intracellular signaling pathway of KAI1/CD82 for the induction of homotypic adhesion of human prostate cancer cells.     

Toward a total synthesis of peloruside A: enantioselective preparation of the C8-C19 region

An efficient synthetic sequence toward the C8-C19 region of peloruside A has been developed. The route is highlighted by a selective electrophilic cyclization reaction, a single-step epoxide ring-opening/methylation sequence, and a stereoselective Mukaiyama aldol reaction. [reaction: see text]     

二芳基乙烯类光致变色材料的合成概述

由于具有多种潜在的应用价值, 光致变色化合物作为高级功能材料的研究在国内外广受关注. 在众多的有机光致变色化合物中, 二芳基乙烯特别是二噻吩乙烯, 由于其具有良好的热稳定性和优良的耐疲劳度而成为这类化合物的杰出代表. 近年来, 有关二芳基乙烯类光致变色化合物的各种合成及性能方面的报道已涉及到信息存储、分子开关、逻辑电路、液晶显示、磁性材料等众多领域. 主要是从有机合成的角度, 对这类材料的合成进行了较为全面的概括, 对各种合成方法分别加以介绍和分析, 对其发展趋势予以探索和展望.