Rapid Simultaneous Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Mattress Fabric by Headspace–Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry

An analytical method for simultaneously determining 32 volatile organic compounds in mattress fabrics based on static headspace coupled to gas chromatography and mass spectrometry detection was established. Samples were cut into 5?×?5?mm small pieces and placed in a 20?mL headspace vial at 90° for 30?min. To achieve the optimum conditions for the analysis, several parameters including the heating temperature, heating time, sample weight, and injection time were investigated. The results demonstrated that the most important parameter influencing the sensitivity of the analysis was the heating temperature. The optimum method showed good linearities with correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9944 to 0.9998. The limits of detection and quantification for the target compounds were in the ranges of 0.004–0.032 and 0.013–0.099?µg/?g, respectively. The method was successfully applied to determine the volatile organic compounds in six categories of mattress fabrics. The results showed that some volatile organic compounds were found, such as naphthalene, hexadecane, and 1,4-diisopropylbenzene. Moreover, the concentrations of 32 volatile organic compounds decreased following the order of jute, terylene, polyester, velboa, nylon, and cotton samples in the study. These results indicated that the method is fast, accurate, and successful for determining volatile organic compounds in mattress fabrics.     

Syntheses,crystal structures,and properties of two dinuclear iron(III) complexes constructed with 1,2,3,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid and chelating N-donor auxiliary coligands

Two dinuclear Fe(III) metal–organic complexes with tetracarboxylate and chelating N-donor ligands, [Fe(Hbtec)(phen)(H₂O)]₂·2H₂O (1) and [Fe(Hbtec)(bpy)(H₂O)]₂·2H₂O (2) (H₄btec = 1,2,3,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, bpy = 2,2′-bipyridine) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopic, and X-ray diffraction methods. Both complexes crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with two Fe(III) ions bridged by two Hbtec^3? ligands into a dinuclear unit. Hydrogen bonding connects the dinuclear units into a 3-D framework. The dinuclear units are 10-connected nodes that produce a 3-D framework with topology Schläfli symbol as (3¹²·4²⁸·5⁵). Thermal stabilities and luminescent properties of the two complexes have also been investigated.     

Rheokinetic study of gel-breaking process of xanthan gum solution

The dynamic rheological behavior of xanthan gum (XG) during the gel-breaking process was studied in this work. Both experimental and numerical simulations were adopted to investigate the effects of temperature and added salt on the gel-breaking process. The results showed that the gel-breaking reaction is slowed down by the added salt, while temperature has a positive influence on the chemical degradation of XG. The novel rheokinetics equations were established to describe the gel-breaking process of XG and the simulated values are in good agreement with experimental data. The changes of the model parameters with respect to temperature and added salt are consistent with the experimental results obtained with rheometer, which verifies the feasibility of the established rheokinetics equations for characterizing the gel-breaking reaction of XG.     

Control of N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Catalyzed Reactions of Enals: Asymmetric Synthesis of Oxindole‐γ‐Amino Acid Derivatives

A strategy to control the switch between a non‐cycloaddition reaction and a cycloaddition reaction of enals, using N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) catalyisis, has been developed. The new scalable protocol leads to γ‐amino‐acid esters bearing a tetrasubstituted stereocenter in good yields and high stereoselectivities by homo‐Mannich reactions of enals and isatin‐derived ketimines. By simply changing the N‐ketimine substituent to an ortho‐hydroxy phenyl group, the corresponding spirocyclic oxindolo‐γ‐lactams are obtained.     

Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy by Reduced Levels of Intracellular Glutathione Obtained By Employing a Nano‐MOF with CuII as the Active Center

In photodynamic therapy (PDT), the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced in the cell directly determines the therapeutic effect. Improvement in ROS concentration can be realized by reducing the glutathione (GSH) level or increasing the amount of photosensitizer. However, excessive amounts photosensitizer may cause side effects. Therefore, the development of photosensitizers that reduce GSH levels through synergistically improving ROS concentration in order to strengthen the efficacy of PDT for tumor is important. We report a nano‐metal–organic framework (Cu^II‐metalated nano‐MOF {CuL‐[AlOH]₂}_n (MOF‐2, H₆L=mesotetrakis(4‐carboxylphenyl)porphyrin)) based on Cu^II as the active center for PDT. This MOF‐2 is readily taken up by breast cancer cells, and high levels of ROS are generated under light irradiation. Meanwhile, intracellular GSH is considerably decreased owing to absorption on MOF‐2; this synergistically increases ROS concentration and accelerates apoptosis, thereby enhancing the effect of PDT. Notably, based on the direct adsorption of GSH, MOF‐2 showed a comparable effect with the commercial antitumor drug camptothecin in a mouse breast cancer model. This work provides strong evidence for MOF‐2 as a promising new PDT candidate and anticancer drug.     

Mechanofluorochromic Carbon Nanodots: Controllable Pressure‐Triggered Blue‐ and Red‐Shifted Photoluminescence

Mechanofluorochromic materials, which change their photoluminescence (PL) colors in responding to mechanical stimuli, can be used as mechanosensors, security papers, and photoelectronic devices. However, traditional mechanofluorochromic materials can only be adjusted to a monotone direction upon the external stimuli. Controllable pressure‐triggered blue‐ and red‐shifted PL is reported for C‐dots. The origin of mechanofluorochromism (MFC) in C‐dots is interpreted based on structure–property relationships. The carbonyl group and the π‐conjugated system play key roles in the PL change of C‐dots under high pressure. As the pressure increases, the enhanced π–π stacking of the π‐conjugated system causes the red‐shift of PL, while the conversion of carbonyl groups eventually induces a blue‐shift. Together with their low toxicity, good hydrophilicity, and small size, the tunable MFC property would boost various potential applications of C‐dots.     

Efficient synthesis of 3-benzoyl Benzo[b]thiophenes and raloxifene via Mercury(II)-Catalyzed cyclization of 2-alkynylphenyl alkyl sulfoxides

The unique selective estrogen receptor modulator, Raloxifene (1), and antitubulin agent 2 were synthesized through the key intermediate, 4-methoxybenzyl 2-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl sulfoxide (6), respectively. It was found that compared with the o-sulfanyl aryl bromides, the sulfinyl group at ortho position accelerated the Sonogashira coupling reaction of aryl bromides. Thus, compound 6 was coupled with 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl acetylene, followed by mercury-catalyzed cyclization reaction afford compound 2 in 79% overall yield. Raloxifene (1) was prepared from compound 6 in four steps and 33% overall yield via coupling reaction with 1-trimethylsily-2-(4-tert-butyldimethylsiloxy)phenylethyne, mercury-catalyzed cyclization reaction, alkylation and demethylation.     

用于CO2分离的混合基质膜中填充剂的研究进展

高效、绿色和低能耗的CO_2捕集技术是解决能源气体净化和温室气体减排问题的关键。膜分离技术以其高效、节能、低碳等特点在CO_2捕集领域具有潜在的发展前景。目前,CO_2分离膜的研究主要集中在混合基质膜内的填充剂,通过调控填充剂解决膜内渗透性和选择性间的"博弈"效应。近年来,研究者们发现填充剂通常是影响混合基质膜分离性能的关键因素,采用不同的填充剂可改善混合基质膜的气体分离性能。基于此,本文对目前已经开发出的填充剂进行了归纳总结,以便为设计开发新型混合基质膜用于CO_2分离提供参考。     

以SBA-15为硅源合成多级孔SAPO-11分子筛及其在正十二烷临氢异构化中的应用

以脱除模板剂后的SBA-15为硅源和间接模板剂,在水热条件下制备多级孔SAPO-11分子筛,并通过XRD、SEM、红外光谱、氮气物理吸附-脱附等表征手段对样品的晶相、形貌、酸性和织构性质进行表征。结果表明,以焙烧后的SBA-15为硅源合成出纯相的SAPO-11分子筛,且SBA-15已完全转化。合成的SAPO-11样品呈空心的近方柱体形貌,由宽度为100 nm左右的细条聚集而成,晶粒粒径为1-3 μm。与白炭黑、硅溶胶合成的常规SAPO-11分子筛对比发现,添加SBA-15可在SAPO-11中引入介孔孔道,孔径为5-10 nm,且样品以中强度的Brønsted酸为主,弱Brønsted酸相对较少。以正十二烷为探针分子,考察Pt/SAPO-11催化剂的临氢异构化反应性能。结果表明,多级孔Pt/SAPO-11催化剂具有优良的异构化反应性能。催化剂的高活性和选择性与SAPO-11分子筛的酸性质和孔道结构密切相关,中强度的Brønsted酸量的增加有助于活性提高,同时介孔孔道有利于产物扩散,异构产物的选择性明显提高。     

麦麸酯酶对有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药的动力学特性

为探讨有机磷及氨基甲酸酯类农药对麦麸酯酶的抑制作用,以酶活抑制率为指标,通过测定酶动力学常数(Ki、Ka、K2)及半数抑制浓度(IC50)揭示麦麸酯酶的动力学特性。结果显示:麦麸酯酶对3种有机磷农药的敏感性大小顺序依次为:敌敌畏甲基对硫磷乐果,其对麦麸酯酶的IC50分别为0.176、1.754、2.583 mg/L;对3种氨基甲酸酯类农药的敏感性大小依次为:叶蝉散西维因丁硫克百威,其对麦麸酯酶的IC50分别为0.489、0.799、2.035 mg/L;各农药抑制麦麸酯酶的动力学常数(Ki、Ka、K2)及IC50值表明,不同农药对麦麸酯酶的抑制作用存在不同程度的选择性,农药与麦麸酯酶的亲和力强弱是导致麦麸酯酶对农药敏感性差异的主要原因;运用该方法检测蔬菜和水果中农药残留,得出莴笋叶、四季豆和葡萄中含有农药,且确定葡萄中为乐果残留。该研究可为麦麸酯酶应用于农药检测提供一定的理论基础。