CONVERGENCE RESULTS FOR NON-OVERLAP SCHWARZ WAVEFORM RELAXATION ALGORITHM WITH CHANGING TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS

In this paper,we establish a new algorithm to the non-overlapping Schwarz domain decomposition methods with changing transmission conditions for solving one dimensional advection reaction diffusion problem.More precisely,we first describe the new algorithm and prove the convergence results under several natural assumptions on the sequences of parameters which determine the transmission conditions.Then we give a simple method to estimate the new value of parameters in each iteration.The interesti...     

Stereocontrolled spirocyclization of exo-glucal derivatives for stereodivergent synthesis of spiro[5.5]ketals

This Letter describes a stereoselective synthetic approach to spiro[5.5]ketals from the exo-glucals, constructed from 1-(4-hydroxyalkylidene)-1,5-anhydro-d-glucitol, by spirocyclization based on intramolecular α- and β-selective glycosylation. Stereodivergent synthesis of both α- and β-glucoside of spiro[5.5]ketals was attained by combination of chiral d-glucopyranose environment and C-4′ chiral center on the side chain.     

Novel approaches to FEL operation: The gas-loaded FEL and a high efficiency FEL design

Two novel methods for improving free-electron laser (FEL) oscillator performance are discussed: (a) The gas-loaded FEL (GFEL) allows operation at snorter wavelengths for a given accelerator energy and wiggler. Experimental results of laser operation with a gas retention foil in the electron beam line and with the introduction of gas to the wiggler cavity are presented, (b) An FEL design utilizing a time-ramped microwave field to accelerate electrons as they lose energy to radiation allows for high conversion efficiencies. Parameter constraints for such an FEL are discussed, leading to a structure that integrates a wiggler with a linac. It is shown that conversion efficiencies of 50% at λ = 10 μm with a 2m wiggler length can be achieved for typical FEL parameter values without sacrificing small-signal gain     

Metabolome-Based Discrimination Analysis of Shallot Landraces and Bulb Onion Cultivars Associated with Differences in the Amino Acid and Flavonoid Profiles

Shallot landraces and varieties are considered an important genetic resource for Allium breeding due to their high contents of several functional metabolites. Aiming to provide new genetic materials for the development of a novel bulb onion cultivar derived from intraspecific hybrids with useful agronomic traits from shallots, the metabolic profiles in the bulbs of 8 Indonesian shallot landraces and 7 short-day and 3 long-day bulb onion cultivars were established using LC–Q-TOF-MS/MS. Principal component analysis, partial least squares discriminant analysis, and dendrogram clustering analysis showed two major groups; group I contained all shallot landraces and group II contained all bulb onion cultivars, indicating that shallots exhibited a distinct metabolic profile in comparison with bulb onions. Variable importance in the projection and Spearman’s rank correlation indicated that free and conjugated amino acids, flavonoids (especially metabolites having flavonol aglycone), and anthocyanins, as well as organic acids, were among the top metabolite variables that were highly associated with shallot landraces. The absolute quantification of 21 amino acids using conventional HPLC analysis showed high contents in shallots rather than in bulb onions. The present study indicated that shallots reprogrammed their metabolism toward a high accumulation of amino acids and flavonoids as an adaptive mechanism in extremely hot tropical environments.     

Contracted Representation of Yang's Spacetime Algebra and Buniy-Hsu-Zee's Discrete Spacetime

Motivated by the recent proposition by Buniy, Hsu, and Zee with respect to discrete spacetime and finite spatial degrees of freedom of our physical world with short- and long-distance scales, l _P and L, we reconsider the Lorentz-covariant Yang's quantized spacetime algebra (YSTA), which is intrinsically equipped with two such kinds of scale parameters, λ and R. In accordance with their proposition, we find the so-called contracted representation of YSTA with finite spatial degrees of freedom associated with the ratio R/λ, which gives a possibility of the divergence-free noncommutative field theory on YSTA. The canonical commutation relations familiar in the ordinary quantum mechanics appear as the cooperative Inonu-Wigner's contraction limit of YSTA, λ → 0 and R → ∓.     

Feasibility of carboxymethylcellulose with phenol moieties as a material for mammalian cell-enclosing subsieve-size capsules

Mammalian cell-enclosing capsules have been investigated as devices for bioproduction, cell therapy and stem cell research. In this study, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) with phenol moieties (CMC-Ph), synthesized through the conjugation reaction of CMC and tyramine, was investigated as a material for these types of devices. Subsieve-size capsules of less than 100 μm in diameter were prepared by extruding aqueous CMC-Ph solution into co-flowing liquid paraffin containing H₂O₂. The capsule diameter was controlled between 60–220 μm by changing the flow rate of liquid paraffin. There was no harmful effect specific for CMC-Ph on mammalian cells enclosed in capsules. Feline kidney cells enclosed in subsieve-size CMC-Ph capsules exhibited 87.0 ± 4.5% viability. In addition, the enclosed cells continued to grow over 13 days of study. These results demonstrated the feasibility of CMC-Ph as a material for subsieve-size cell-enclosing capsules prepared via the droplet breakup technique in a co-flowing water-immiscible fluid.     

The influence of Cr content in Fe-Cr-Co alloys on the magnetic properties and Mössbauer effect

Fe-xCr-8Co (x=24, 25, 27, 29 and 32 wt%) permanent magnetic alloys have been studied bv Mössbauer effect, magnetic balance and vibrating-sample magnetometer. It is indicated that the optimum permanent magnetic properties obtained for the composition of the alloys at about x=27. The value of Cr content in these alloys sigificantly influences the average hyperfine field, the saturation magnetic moment, the proportion of paramagnetic phase and orientation of magnetic moment in these alloys. The intrinsic coercive force is gradually reduced with the temperature decreasing from 290 to 77k. The paramagnetic peak in the spectrum disappars at about 125k. The certain mechanism has been suggested to explain the experimental results.     

部分屏蔽多极电子鎗聚焦问题

本文对于在有磁场下多阳极电子鎗的电子注聚焦问题进行了理论分析。阴极处磁场可以具有任意屏蔽程度,得到了在加速场内描写电子轨迹的傍轴方程的解析解。在理论分析中,考虑了包括空间电荷效应的情况。     

钼单晶临界切应力的温度依赖关系

本文研究了钼单晶临界切应力和温度的依赖关系。数据指出:临界切应力的对数值在一定温度范围内,随绝对温度近似线性变化。这个结果和Cottrell-Bilby的位错气团模型不符合。假设温度升高,使杂质原子和位错中心原子的键合作用减弱,利用Morse势函可以解释Inσ-T的线性关系,并且所估计的斜率在数量级上和实验符合。