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Wagner F Gruber O Lackner K Murmann HD Speth E Becker G Bosch HS Brocken H Cattanei G Dorst D Eberhagen A Elsner A Erckmann V Fussmann G Gehre O Gernhardt J Gierke Gv Glock E Grieger G Grigull P Haas G Hacker H Hartfuss HJ Jäckel H Jaenicke R Janeschitz G Junker J Karger F Kasparek W Keilhacker M Kick M Klüber O Kornherr M Kroiss H Kuehner M Lenoci M Lisitano G Maassberg M Mahn C Marlier S Mayer HM McCormick K Meisel D Mertens V Müller ER Müller Müller G Niedermeyer H Ohlendorf W 《Physical review letters》1986,56(20):2187-2190
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Aalders MC van der Vange N Star WM Sterenborg HJ 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2001,74(2):311-317
The in vivo pharmacokinetics of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) after administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) cannot be described accurately by mathematical models using first-order rate processes. We have replaced first-order reaction rates by dose-dependent (Michaelis-Menten [MM]) reaction rates in a mathematical compartment model. Different combinations of first-order and dose-dependent reaction rates were evaluated to see which one would improve the goodness-of-fit to experimentally determined in vivo PpIX fluorescence kinetics as a function of concentration. The mathematical models that were evaluated are all based on a three-compartment model for drug distribution, conversion to PpIX and subsequent conversion to heme. Implementation of dose-dependent reaction rates improved the goodness-of-fit and enabled interpolation to other drug doses. For most data sets the time constant for delivery to the target cells turned out to be dose dependent. For all data sets the use of MM rates for the conversion of ALA to PpIX yielded better fits. The clearance of PpIX turned out to be a first-order process for all doses and types of administration. Fluorescence curves measured on a specific tissue type but obtained in different studies with different measurement techniques could be described with a single set of parameters. 相似文献
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Leis HJ Windischhofer W Fauler G 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2002,16(7):646-649
A sensitive and specific method for the quantitative determination of morphine in human plasma is presented. Morphine was extracted from plasma by solid phase extraction on C18 and converted to its pentafluorobenzyl carbonate trimethylsilyl derivative. The derivatives were analysed without further purification. Using gas chromatography/negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry, a useful diagnostic fragment ion at m/z 356 is obtained at high relative abundance. Deuterated morphine was used as internal standard. Calibration graphs were linear within the range 1.25 to 320 nmol/L. Intra-day precision was 3.82% (15 nmol/L), 2.85% (75 nmol/L) and 4.13% (225 nmol/L), inter-day variability was found to be 1.77% (15 nmol/L), 4.95% (75 nmol/L) and 9.88% (225 nmol/L). Inter-day accuracy showed deviations of 2.18% (15 nmol/L), -0.72% (75 nmol/L) and -0.13% (225 nmol/L). The method is rugged and robust and has been applied to the batch analysis of morphine during pharmacokinetic profiling of the drug. 相似文献
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The degradation of acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 2-methylindene, 3-methylindene and indene in water solutions was studied. These compounds at the 25-150 mug/l. level were almost totally degraded at ambient temperature within three days. The microbial population responsible for the degradation occurs naturally in ground-water taken from an aquifer in Ames, Iowa, which is contaminated with coal-tar products. These unidentified micro-organisms adapt readily to other waters when used as an inoculant for the degradation of aromatic compounds. The preservation of water to prevent such degradation was also investigated. Filtration through a 0.45-mum filter was found the most effective procedure for preserving the hydrocarbons in these waters. 相似文献
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A method was developed for the recovery and determination of cyanide ion in organic sample matrices. To facilitate the solubilization of cyanide ions, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was added at concentrations above the critical micelle concentration. Sample cyanation reaction products consisted of solvent mixtures of a hydroxynitrile in DMF-toluene or DMF-isopropylacetate (IPAC). Spectrophotometric determination of cyanide ion at 578 nm by the pyridine-barbituric acid method was automated by flow injection analysis. Recovery of cyanide ion from spiked samples was 93.2% in DMF-IPAC solvent matrix and 93.9% in DMF-toluene. Low alkali concentration was observed to favor solubilization of cyanide ion in the micellar solution. 相似文献
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