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51.
Ramón Puyané Isabelle Guy Renaud Metz 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1998,13(1-3):575-578
The ceramic microstructure, the chemical homogeneity of specific dopants and the mechanical integrity of a varistor disc are critical parameters in determining the transient voltage suppression features of these devices. The material properties and overall quality of the starting ceramic powders used to produce such components are essential in achieving the desired properties. The present work describes a novel chemical method developed to produce doped zinc oxide powders and an industrial scale manufacturing process for the production of final varistor blocks for surge arrester applications. The results are compared with those obtained when using standard varistor powder made by the mixed oxide route is used. All the fundamental electrical properties of the discs have been determined and correlated with the relevant manufacturing steps. 相似文献
52.
Ruthenium(II) complexes of monodonor ligands: efficient reagents for asymmetric ketone hydrogenation
Xu YA Clarkson GC Docherty G North CL Woodward G Wills M 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2005,70(20):8079-8087
[Chemical reaction: See text] A series of BINOL-derived ligands have been prepared and incorporated into ruthenium(II) complexes containing a diamine ligand. The complexes have proven to be excellent catalysts for the asymmetric hydrogenation of ketones, giving reduction products with enantiomeric excesses of up to 99%. 相似文献
53.
N. Grassie M. Zulfiqar M. I. Guy 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1980,18(1):265-274
A series of polyester polyurethanes with a range of polyester contents was prepared from an ethylene glycol/propylene glycol/adipic acid polyster, butane diol, and methylene bis (4-phenyl isocyanate) (MBPI). They were thermally degraded under vacuum and the products of degradation were identified. The urethane linkages decompose first as the temperature is increased and the stability increases with polyester content. Reaction mechanisms were proposed which account for the principal features of the reaction and the products of degradation. 相似文献
54.
Several analytical methods were compared to quantify malondialdehyde (MDA) in milk powders. Modified thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods, using either visible spectrophotometry (direct absorbance reading or after third derivative transformation of the spectrum) or HPLC, required derivatisation at elevated temperature, which appeared to catalyse artefactual MDA formation and thus overestimate the MDA content. In contrast to the TBA derivatisation method, the measurement of MDA as the dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative by HPLC or as the phenylhydrazone product by GC-MS with a deuterated internal standard resulted in lower estimates in the ranges of 2-17- and 3-30-fold, respectively; apparently due to the milder derivatisation conditions. The estimates of MDA determined by both HPLC-UV and GC-MS techniques result in lower values which are similar in magnitude even though the GC-MS technique is more sensitive. 相似文献
55.
To investigate by NMR the effects of adenine methylation, a set of oligodeoxynucleotides has been synthesized by phosphotriester or phosphoramidite procedures on silica-gel support. The preparation of fully protected 2′-deoxy-N6-methyladenosine 3′-phosphate 4 and (2′-deoxy-N6-methyladenosin-3′-O-yl)(methoxy)morpholinophosphine 5 is described. The large-scale chemical synthesis, purification by HPLC, and characterization by MS of these molecules containing N6-methyladenine is reported. 相似文献
56.
The electrochemically induced dissolution of ferrocene in a carbon paste electrode is investigated by using chronoamperometry at constant potential. Two types of behaviour are observed, according to the initial form of ferrocene: particles or deposit. The experimental i-t curves are respectively in agreement with the theoretical curves, derived earlier, in the case of spherical particles or planar slabs of solid. The analysis of the curve shows that the process is diffusion controlled, so that the dissolution rate of ferrocene cannot be measured. The parameters calculated from the curves (thickness of the deposit, initial distance from the electrode, area) have a reasonable order of magnitude. 相似文献
57.
Various reactions of ring D of dipterocarpol (hydroxy-dammarenone-II) show this triterpene to have the configuration 13β, 17H, in accordance with biogenetic speculations. 相似文献
58.
Bouchoux G Defaye D McMahon T Likholyot A Mó O Yáñez M 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2002,8(13):2900-2909
The various protonated forms of phenol (1), catechol (2), resorcinol (3), and hydroquinone (4) were explored by ab initio quantum chemical calculations at the MP2/6-31G(d) and B3LYP/6-31G(d) levels. Proton affinities (PA) of 1-4 were calculated by the combined G2(MP2,SVP) method, and their gas-phase basicities were estimated after calculation of the change in entropy on protonation. These theoretical data were compared with the corresponding experimental values determined in a high-pressure mass spectrometer. This comparison confirmed that phenols are essentially carbon bases and that protonation generally occurs in a position para to the hydroxyl group. Resorcinol is the most effective base (PA = 856 kJ mol-1) due to the participation of both oxygen atoms in the stabilization of the protonated form. Since protonation is accompanied by a freezing of the two internal rotations, a significant decrease in entropy is observed. The basicity of catechol (PA = 823 kJ mol-1) is due to the existence of an intramolecular hydrogen bond, which is strengthened upon protonation. The lower basicity of hydroquinone (PA = 808 kJ mol-1) is a consequence of the fact that protonation necessarily occurs in a position ortho to the hydroxyl group. When the previously published data are reconsidered and a corrected protonation entropy is used, a proton affinity value of 820 kJ mol-1 is obtained for phenol. 相似文献
59.
Claude Didierjean Guy Boussard Andr Aubry 《Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry》2002,58(7):o394-o396
The title dipeptide, 1‐(tert‐butoxycarbonyl‐d ‐alanyl)‐N‐isopropyl‐l ‐pipecolamide or Boc‐d ‐Ala‐l ‐Pip‐NHiPr (H‐Pip‐OH is pipecolic acid or piperidine‐2‐carboxylic acid), C17H31N3O4, with a d –l heterochiral sequence, adopts a type II′β‐turn conformation, with all‐trans amide functions, where the C‐terminal amide NH group interacts with the Boc carbonyl O atom to form a classical i+3 i intramolecular hydrogen bond. The Cα substituent takes an axial position [Hα (Pip) equatorial] and the trans pipecolamide function is nearly planar. 相似文献
60.
RU Chang Bi Zbigniew Dauter Eleanor Dodson Guy Dodson Federico Gordiano Rod Hubbard Colin Reynolds 《Journal of Chemical Sciences》1983,92(4-5):473-483
Insulin modified by the removal of its 5 B chain C terminal residues is monomeric but remains substantially potent. The crystal
structures of the beef and insulin (dpi) with two molecules in the asymmetric unit has been determined by x-ray analysis. The 3-dimensional structure ofdpi proves to be generally similar to that of native molecule in 2Zn insulin. More detailed comparison reveals that the slight
differences in the two independent molecules of beefdpi are distributed uniformly throughout the structure in contrast to insulin in 2Zn insulin, where the structural changes are
concentrated in specific regions.
The loss of symmetry in thedpi crystal appears to be the inability of the A9 serine to pack effectively in the C2 cell. The efficient packing of the sheepdpi molecule whose crystal structure has also been determined and where A9 is glycine supports this conclusion. 相似文献