基于光谱-空间特征的黄茶多酚含量估算模型

茶多酚是黄茶中的重要成分之一,具有保健和药用功效.准确估测茶多酚含量对茶叶品质鉴定和定量分析具有重要的意义.学者们已经利用电子鼻、电子舌、高光谱和近红外技术开展了茶多酚的估测研究,取得了良好的效果.然而,由于缺乏空间特征,难以满足黄茶内外品质综合判断的要求.随着高光谱成像系统的发展,尽管基于灰度共生矩阵的茶叶成分估测已...     

Compositions and Biological Activities of Pomegranate Peel Polyphenols Extracted by Different Solvents

Pomegranate peel extract (PPE), which is abundant in polyphenols, holds immerse prospects for the treatment of airway infection. In this study, water and ethanol of 30%, 50%, and 80% were used to prepare PPE. A total of 18 phenols belonging to 8 categories of polyphenols were identified in PPE by HPLC-MS/MS. The PPE from the four extraction solvents possessed different antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Principal component analysis revealed that though total flavonoids (TFs), total polyphenols (TPs), and total tannins (TTs) were responsible for the reducing power of PPE, only TFs contributed to the effect of PPE in inhibiting lipid membrane peroxidation. TPs, TTs, and punicalagin were positively correlated with the antibacterial strength against S. aureus while TTs alone contributed to the inhibition of methicillin-resistant S. aureus, implying the crucial role of TT in suppressing bacteria. Meanwhile, TTs was associated with the prevention of IL-6 release. The PPE with higher contents of TPs, TTs, and punicalagin had a weaker capacity to decrease nitric oxide secretion. PPE of 30% ethanol gained the highest integrated score due to its stronger antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. It is a suitable candidate for the therapy of respiratory tract infection.     

Application of Cleavable Linkers to Improve Therapeutic Index of Radioligand Therapies

Radioligand therapy (RLT) is an emergent drug class for cancer treatment. The dose administered to cancer patients is constrained by the radiation exposure to normal tissues to maintain an appropriate therapeutic index. When a radiopharmaceutical or its radiometabolite is retained in the kidneys, radiation dose deposition in the kidneys can become a dose-limiting factor. A good exemplar is [¹⁷⁷Lu]Lu-DOTATATE, where patients receive a co-infusion of basic amino acids for nephroprotection. Besides peptides, there are other classes of targeting vectors like antibody fragments, antibody mimetics, peptidomimetics, and small molecules that clear through the renal pathway. In this review, we will review established and emerging strategies that can be used to mitigate radiation-induced nephrotoxicity, with a focus on the development and incorporation of cleavable linkers for radiopharmaceutical designs. Finally, we offer our perspectives on cleavable linkers for RLT, highlighting future areas of research that will help advance the technology.     

金属异质波导阵列中的表面等离激元传播特性

提出了一种新的一维金属异质波导阵列的设计方案,即波导芯区周期调制的金属波导阵列.数值模拟的结果表明,金属波导芯区的周期调制引起波导中传播的表面等离激元有效折射率的周期调制,从而可在特定的波段打开一个表面等离激元带隙(如1550nm附近).通过引入合适的缺陷波导单元,可获得特定波长的高品质因子(Q=556)的表面电磁模共振.这一结果可用于设计亚波长的布拉格反射器、光发射器、滤波器等,有可能被用于未来的集成光路.     

稀土钐离子可见荧光量子产率的精确测试与计算

采用积分球配以CCD光谱测试系统,在蓝色半导体发光二极管激发下,对Sm3 掺杂的低声子能量、高折射率铋碲酸盐玻璃的荧光光谱进行测试。实现了荧光发射特性绝对评价为目的的绝对光谱功率分布测定,为发光与激光材料荧光发射特性的精确测量与表征提供了一种准确方法。荧光测试系统由直径为25.4cm的积分球配以CCD探测器组成,通过标准卤素灯定标,辅助卤素灯校正积分球内环境变化,解析出样品的绝对光谱功率分布,并进一步计算出光量子数分布,求得荧光量子产率等荧光特征参量。测试与计算结果表明,对应可见区Sm3 四个特征发射峰,总荧光量子产率为7.55%。     

Zn杂质扩散诱导AlGaInP/GaInP量子阱混杂

杂质扩散诱导量子阱混杂技术可用于制作腔面非吸收窗口,提高大功率半导体激光器的输出功率.以Zn2As2为扩散源,采用闭管扩散方式,在550℃下对650 nm半导体激光器的外延片进行了一系列Zn杂质扩散诱导量子阱混杂的实验.实验发现,随着扩散时间从20～120 min,样品光致发光(PL)谱蓝移偏移增加,峰值波长蓝移53 nm;当扩散时间超过60 min后,样品的PL谱中不仅出现了常见的蓝移峰,同时还出现了红移峰,峰值波长红移32 nm.分析表明PL谱蓝移来自Zn扩散引起的AlGaInP/GaInP间的量子阱混杂;红移来自Zn杂质扩散对样品中Ga0.51In0.49P缓冲层的影响.还研究了扩散温度(550℃)和扩散时间对样品晶体品质的影响,并在理论上计算了AlGaInP/GaInP量子阱混杂巾的Al-Ga的互扩散系数.     

一维光子晶体微腔在硅基材料发光中的应用研究

硅基材料的高效发光对未来硅基光电子集成的发展极其关键,含微腔的一维光子晶体可以显著提高其发光强度、窄化其发光峰.介绍了几种硅基材料发光的一维光子晶体微腔结构,包括单缺陷模式的对称与非对称结构、多缺陷模结构及电注入结构.利用传输矩阵法计算其缺陷模透射谱,以间接分析其发光谱.     

MiR-1224-5p modulates osteogenesis by coordinating osteoblast/osteoclast differentiation via the Rap1 signaling target ADCY2

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) broadly regulate normal biological functions of bone and the progression of fracture healing and osteoporosis. Recently, it has been reported that miR-1224-5p in fracture plasma is a potential therapy for osteogenesis. To investigate the roles of miR-1224-5p and the Rap1 signaling pathway in fracture healing and osteoporosis development and progression, we used BMMs, BMSCs, and skull osteoblast precursor cells for in vitro osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis studies. Osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis were detected by ALP, ARS, and TRAP staining and bone slice resorption pit assays. The miR-1224-5p target gene was assessed by siRNA-mediated target gene knockdown and luciferase reporter assays. To explore the Rap1 pathway, we performed high-throughput sequencing, western blotting, RT-PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and immunohistochemical staining. In vivo, bone healing was judged by the cortical femoral defect, cranial bone defect and femoral fracture models. Progression of osteoporosis was evaluated by an ovariectomy model and an aged osteoporosis model. We discovered that the expression of miR-1224-5p was positively correlated with fracture healing progression. Moreover, in vitro, overexpression of miR-1224-5p slowed Rankl-induced osteoclast differentiation and promoted osteoblast differentiation via the Rap1-signaling pathway by targeting ADCY2. In addition, in vivo overexpression of miR-1224-5p significantly promoted fracture healing and ameliorated the progression of osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency or aging. Furthermore, knockdown of miRNA-1224-5p inhibited bone regeneration in mice and accelerated the progression of osteoporosis in elderly mice. Taken together, these results identify miR-1224-5p as a key bone osteogenic regulator, which may be a potential therapeutic target for osteoporosis and fracture nonunion.Subject terms: Translational research, Cell signalling     

Modified constructions of binary sequences using multiplicative inverse

Two new families of finite binary sequences are constructed using multiplicative inverse. The sequences are shown to have strong pseudorandom properties by using some estimates of certain exponential sums over finite fields. The constructions can be implemented fast since multiplicative inverse over finite fields can be computed in polynomial time.     

融合鲸鱼泡泡网机制的SSA算法

针对基本麻雀搜索算法(Sparrow Search Algorithm, SSA)在迭代寻优过程中,种群多样性减少、易陷入局部极值等问题,提出一种改进的麻雀搜索算法(WSSA)。首先,基于Tent混沌映射策略初始化种群,提高初始解的质量;其次,结合鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)中的鲸鱼泡泡网捕食数学模型,改进发现者的位置更新策略,增强算法全局搜索;然后,采用自适应t分布变异,提升算法跳出局部最优能力;最后,在仿真实验中,结果表明改进麻雀搜索算法具有更好的收敛性和求解精度。