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51.
How to make the Cassie wetting state stable? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Wetting of rough hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces is discussed. The stability of the Cassie state, with air trapped in relief details under the droplet, is necessary for the design of true superhydrophobic surfaces. The potential barrier separating the Cassie state and the Wenzel state, for which the substrate is completely wetted, is calculated for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces. When the surface is hydrophobic, the multiscaled roughness of pillars constituting the surface increases the potential barrier separating the Cassie and Wenzel states. When water fills the hydrophilic pore, the energy gain due to the wetting of the pore hydrophilic wall is overcompensated by the energy increase because of the growth of the high-energetic liquid-air interface. The potential barrier separating the Cassie and Wenzel states is calculated for various topographies of surfaces. Structural features of reliefs favoring enhanced hydrophobicity are elucidated. 相似文献
52.
Frantz MC Pierce JG Pierce JM Kangying L Qingwei W Johnson M Wipf P 《Organic letters》2011,13(9):2318-2321
JP4-039 is a novel nitroxide conjugate capable of crossing lipid bilayer membranes and scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). An efficient and scalable one-pot hydrozirconation-transmetalation-imine addition methodology has been developed for its asymmetric preparation. Furthermore, this versatile methodology allows for the synthesis of cyclopropyl and fluorinated analogs of the parent lead structure. 相似文献
53.
The reaction of the thiocarbamoyl‐molybdenum complex [Mo(CO)2(η2‐SCNMe2)(PPh3)2Cl] 1 , with EtOCS2K and C4H8NCS2NH4 in dichloromethane at room temperature yielded the seven coordinated ethyldithiocarbonate thiocarbamoyl‐molybdenum complex [Mo(CO)2(η2‐S2COEt)(η2‐SCNMe2)(PPh3)] 2 , and the dithiocarbamate thiocarbamoyl‐molybdenum complex [Mo(CO)2(η2‐S2CNC4H8)(η2‐SCNMe2)(PPh3)] 3 . The geometry around the metal atom of compounds 2 and 3 are capped octahedrons as revealed by X‐ray diffraction analyses. The thiocarbamoyl and ethyldithiocarbonate or pyrrolidinyldithiocarbamate ligands coordinate to the molybdenum metal center through the carbon and sulfur and two sulfur atoms, respectively. Structure parameters, NMR, IR and Mass spectra are in agreement with the crystal chemistry of the two compounds. 相似文献
54.
Abstract The infrared spectrum of 3-bromo-1,3-dinitroazetidine was interpreted with the aid of normal coordinate calculations. A seventy-two parameter modified valence field was used in those calculations, and the observed wave numbers were fit with an average error of 2.5 cm?1. An assignment of the bands in terms of symmetry coordinates is given. Many of the force constants were transferred to 1-acetyl-3,3-dinitroazetidine to aid in normal coordinate calculations for that compound. 相似文献
55.
C.V.C. Prasad Stephen E. Mercer Gene M. Dubowchik John E. Macor 《Tetrahedron letters》2007,48(15):2661-2665
Enantioselective synthesis of constrained trans-aminobenzazepinone utilizing palladium-mediated Jeffery-Heck reaction and rhodium(II) catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation as key steps are described. Diverse functional groups such as alkyl, aryl, basic or amino acid moieties were introduced with minimal racemization. 相似文献
56.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions on a row-finite graph E so that the Leavitt path algebra L(E) is purely infinite simple. This result provides the algebraic analog to the corresponding result for the Cuntz-Krieger C∗-algebra C∗(E) given in [T. Bates, D. Pask, I. Raeburn, W. Szymański, The C∗-algebras of row-finite graphs, New York J. Math. 6 (2000) 307-324]. 相似文献
57.
Summary The problem of generating the recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials from the moments or from modified moments of the weight function is well understood for positive weight distributions. Here we extend this theory and the basic algorithms to the case of an indefinite weight function. While the generic indefinite case is formally not much different from the positive definite case, there exist nongeneric degenerate situations, and these require a different more complicated treatment. The understanding of these degenerate situations makes it possible to construct a stable approximate solution of an ill-conditioned problem.The application to adaptive iterative methods for linear systems of equations is anticipated.Dedicated to R.S. Varga on the occasion of his sixtieth birthdayG.H. Golub (USA, Canada), M.H. Gutknecht (other countries) 相似文献
58.
Gene Abrams 《Israel Journal of Mathematics》1997,99(1):343-347
We give examples of distinct integersi, j, and ringsT for which the matrix ringsM
i
(T) andM
j
(T) are isomorphic as rings, but for which the free modules
T
T
(i) and
T
T
(i) are non-isomorphic asT-modules. 相似文献
59.
Dale Newbury David Wollman Sae Woo Nam Gene Hilton Kent Irwin John Small John Martinis 《Mikrochimica acta》2002,138(3-4):265-274
Analytical X-ray spectrometry for electron beam instruments has advanced significantly with the development of the microcalorimeter
energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (μcal EDS). The μcal EDS operates by measuring the temperature rise when a single photon
is absorbed in a metal target. A cryoelectronic circuit with electrothermal feedback and a superconducting transition edge
sensor serves as the thermometer. Spectral resolution approaching 4.5 eV for high energy photons (6000 eV) and 2 eV for low
energy photons below 2000 eV has been demonstrated in energy dispersive operation across a photon energy range from 250 eV
to 8 keV. Spectra of a variety of materials demonstrate the power of the μcal EDS to solve practical problems while operating
on a scanning electron microscope platform. 相似文献
60.
Gray James P. Kshemkalyani Ajay D. Matyas Stephan M. Peyravian Mohammad Tsudik Gene 《Telecommunication Systems》1997,7(4):391-408
This paper presents a data compaction/randomization based approach as a mode of block encryption for ATM (Asynchronous Transfer
Mode) cells. The presented approach converts a plaintext into pseudo‐random plaintext before ciphering to conceal patterns
in the plaintext. The underlying idea behind this scheme is the Shannon's principles of “confusion” and “diffusion” which
involve breaking dependencies and introducing as much randomness as possible into the ciphertext. In this scheme, confusion
and diffusion are introduced into the system by first compressing the ATM cell payload and then spreading a continuously changing
random data over the entire content of the cell. As a mode of operation for block ciphering, this scheme offers the following
attractive features:(i) plaintext patterns are pseudo‐randomized and chained with ciphertext (thereby, preventing against
“dictionary”, “known plaintext”, and “statistical analysis” attacks), (ii) it is self‐synchronizing, (iii) cell loss has no
additional negative effect, (iv) no IV (Initialization Vector) storage is required, (v) it is encryption‐algorithm independent,
(vi) there is no cell‐to‐cell dependency (no feedback from previous cells), and (vii) it is highly scalable (i.e., cells from
the same stream can be ciphered and deciphered in parallel). This paper also presents a secure mechanism for in‐band synchronization
of encryption/decryption key updates using a “marker‐cell” that is carried within the data channel. An important aspect of
both the above mechanisms is that they do not require any changes to the ATM cell header or ATM infrastructure.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献