Physicochemical Properties and Elimination of the Activity of Anti-Nutritional Serine Protease Inhibitors from Mulberry Leaves

Mulberry leaf is an excellent protein resource that can be used as feed additive for livestock and poultry. Nevertheless, the use of mulberry leaves in animal diets is limited by its protease inhibitors, tannic acid and other anti-nutritional factors. This study systematically analyzed the type and activity of serine protease inhibitors (SPIs) from the leaves of 34 mulberry varieties, aiming to reveal the physicochemical properties and inactivation mechanism of SPIs. The types and activities of trypsin inhibitors (TIs) and chymotrypsin inhibitors (CIs) exhibited polymorphisms among different mulberry varieties. The highest number of types of inhibitors was detected in Jinshi, with six TIs (TI-1~TI-6) and six CIs (CI-1~CI-6). TIs and CIs exhibited strong thermal and acid–base stability. High-temperature and high-pressure treatment could reduce the activities of TIs and CIs to a certain extent. β-mercaptoethanol treatment could completely abolish TIs and CIs, suggesting that the disulfide bridges were critical for their inhibitory activities. The Maillard reaction could effectively eliminate the inhibitory activities of TI-1~TI-4 and CI-1~CI-4. This study reveals the physicochemical properties and inactivation mechanisms of the anti-nutritional SPIs from mulberry leaves, which is helpful to exploit mulberry-leaf food with low-activity SPIs, promote the development and utilization of mulberry-leaf resources in animal feed and provide reference for mulberry breeding with different functions.     

Formation of Ultrafine Apatite Fibers by Sol-gel/Electrospinning

Ultrafine apatite fibers were prepared by electrospinning of sol-gel precursor/poly（ vinyl pyrrolidone） （PVP） solutions followed by subsequent calcination. The as-electrospun and calcinated fibers were observed under a scanning electron microscope and an optical polarizing microscope. Results show that the morphology and the diameter of as-electrospun fibers strongly depend on the viscosity and the surface tension of sol-gel precursor/PVP solutions. After calcination, the smooth as-electrospun fibers shrink and the fiber diameter decreases because of the removal of the polymer. The chemical evolution upon the transformation of the precursor from a gel to the final apatite fibers was investigated by thermogravimetric-differenfial thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is thus suggested that the crystalline structure of the calcined fibers is largely influenced by the calcination temperature. After being calcined at 600 ℃, the apatite fibers with a diameter of about 280 nm containing β-tricalcium phosphate were obtained.     

Non-isothermal Decomposition Kinetics of Complexes [ Sm(m-MBA)3 phen]2 and [ Sm(o-MOBA)3 phen] 2·2H2O

Introduction In recent years, there has been considerable interest in complexes formed by lanthanide cations and various benzoate derivatives[1-4], due to their potential application in areas, such as extraction, separation,germicide preparation, catalysis, luminescence, and functional material preparation[5].     

基于图切割的人体运动检测

研究利用图切割对人体进行有效检测的方法.首先在色相、饱和度和亮度(HSV)颜色空间建立自适应的背景混合模型快速提取背景;然后计算差分并消除阴影;最后构造8连通网络图,使用最小切割完成目标的分割.通过实验,对单模型与混合模型背景、4连通与8连通邻域以及基于数学形态学与基于图切割的分割进行了比较.结果表明,在实际环境下,采用本方法可快速、有效和鲁棒地对人体运动进行检测,并获得干净、光滑的分割结果.     

一种新型干涉型光纤传感器模拟运算锁相系统的设计与实验

采用锁相系统抑制外界扰动对传感系统的影响,对干涉型光纤传感器锁相系统的设计方案从自动控制理论出发进行了理论分析.理论分析表明,锁相系统应包括两个积分环节以达到最好的锁相效果.实验结果显示,理论与实验结果吻合,该锁相系统可以成功地抑制外界扰动,一阶锁相系统输出的方差为31 mV,二阶系统输出的方差为3.5 mV,系统稳定性提高了1个数量级.     

用于液晶背光源的双层掺杂白光OLED

制备了一种双层掺杂的白光有机电致发光器件(OLED),其中BAlq:TBPe掺杂层发蓝光,Zn(BTZ)2:Rubrene掺杂层发橙色光.器件在驱动电压5 V时就能发出白光,且在驱动电压5～15 V内色坐标变化较小,均在白光色域区,在15 V时亮度达到8 572 cd/m2,在电流密度50 mA/cm2时量子效率最高达到0.9%.对该白光OLED的发光和电学性能以及发光机理进行了深入的研究和探讨,进而制备了应用于液晶显示(LCD)背光源的近白光OLED,有效面积达到3 cm×3 cm,在10 V时平均亮度达到～1 300 cd/m2,发光亮度均匀性为90%,色度均匀性较好,很好地符合了LCD对背光源的要求.     

光子晶体光纤拉制参数对包层气孔结构的影响

分析了光子晶体光纤(PCF)拉丝工艺参数对光纤毛细管及最终结构的影响,结果表明,通过调节温度、送料速度和拉制速度等参数可以在一定程度上调整最终的气孔结构,但难以拉制出结构完善的PCF.为此提出了惰性气体施压法,实验表明,通过调节施压量的同时结合上述参数的调节,可有效控制光纤的结构参数,拉制出横纵向均匀性良好的PCF.     

基于微结构光纤自相位调制效应全光再生研究

利用微结构光纤作为非线性介质,实现了基于自相位调制(SPM)效应的全光再生.分析了脉冲峰值功率、脉冲宽度和滤波器参量对再生特性的影响,比较了具有正常色散和反常色散的2种微结构光纤的光再生效果.结果表明:采用具有正常色散或反常色散的微结构光纤均可以实现较好的光再生效果,但正常色散可以降低展宽频谱中的震荡结构,获得更好的传输函数;输入光纤的峰值功率必需达到一定的强度值,同时选择好滤波器的中心波长和滤波带宽才能得到满意的再生效果,通过优化这些参量将会获得更好的光再生效果.     

光学稀疏孔径成像复合孔径阵列结构研究

对环型、Y型和Golay6等典型的光学稀疏孔径成像系统,给出了最大和最小填充因子,结果表明,最大填充因子只与子孔径的数目有关.提出一种建立在典型光学稀疏孔径阵型基础上的复合孔径阵列结构,给出了3种不同复合孔径阵列结构形式,在填充因子相同的情况下,用计算机仿真子孔径间距变化、子阵列旋转对调制传递函数(MTF)的影响,并对系统模拟成像及噪后的图像进行重构,使用相关系数对图像质量进行评价.结果表明,这种复合孔径阵列结构通过复制子阵列能够扩大系统的口径,而且具有易于加工、装调方便的特点.     

半导体激光器电噪声的软件分析

对半导体激光器(LD)电噪声特性进行了小波分析,定位g-r噪声转折频率.根据LabVIEW6.0软件的虚拟仪器特性,设计了虚拟的FFT分析仪,实现LD电噪声的时域波形显示、谱分析、互谱分析、谱密度分析以及频率响应分析.