炭气凝胶及其有机气凝胶前驱体的研究进展

介绍了炭气凝胶及其有机气凝胶前驱体的发展概况，着重总结了制备工艺条件(如催化剂及其浓度、反应物总浓度、反应物配比、溶剂、反应温度及时间、超临界干燥工艺条件和炭化工艺条件等)对有机气凝胶及其相应炭气凝胶中孔网络结构的影响，综述了中孔网络结构改性研究的进展．     

季铵盐固相催化使聚氯乙烯脱HCl

通过将季铵盐与聚氯乙烯(PVC)混溶成膜,使其在固相脱HCl,研究了催化剂对PVC脱HCl反应速度和产物结构的影响以及固相反应与温度、时间的关系.发现在催化性能上下基铵盐比乙基铵盐好得多,根据实验结果提出了季铵盐通过分解成叔胺实现催化的机理.     

Fe（acac）3-Al（i-Bu）3-α，α＇-联吡啶催化丙烯腈与苯乙烯共聚合

研究了Fe（acac）3-Al（i-Bu）3-α，α＇-联吡啶（acac=乙酰丙酮）催化体系催化丙烯腈（AN）与苯乙烯共聚合，用元素分析和核磁共振研究了共聚物的结构，在单体比为1：1时共聚物中丙烯腈／苯乙烯含量分别为49．3％和50．7％．用凝胶渗透色谱研究了聚合物分子量和分子量分布，共聚物分子量分布较窄．动力学研究表明共聚合反应对单体浓度呈一级关系，表观活化能为57．8kJ／mol．     

Study on thermal stability of poled non-linear optical polymers

A logarithmic expression is proposed to describe relaxation of the polar order in side chain polymers,together with a new way of plotting temperature dependent relaxation data.This results in a straight line extending even below the glass transition temperature in the case of poled nonlinear optics (NLO) side chain polymers.A simple procedure to determine the rotational diffusion constant Dr is given and Dr values of several polymer systems have been evaluated and compared with each other.It appears that,starting from the conventional and well known poled polymer system currently applied,a further lowering of Dr by about 3 orders of magnitude is necessary in order to reach an acceptable orientational stability or lifetime of poled polymers for practical applications.Attempts have been made to introduce electron push-pull substituents into high thermostable molecular frameworks and results of preliminary measurements are reported.     

EPR Study on the complex formed by charge-transfer process between ground-state acceptor chloranil and nine donors

EPR study showed that the semi-quinone radical anion of chloranil (TCQ) was formed in a charge-transfer process between ground state chloranil as acceptor and each one of the following ground state donors,i.e.,N,N'-diethyl aniline (DEA),phenothiazine (PTZ),carbazole (CBZ),pyrene (PY),ferrocene (FRO),triphenylphosphine (TPP),triethylamine (TEA),anthracene (AN) and N,N-diethyl-3-aminophenyl ester of palmitic acid (DPP).Our results indicate that there is a tunneling effect for the ground-state charge-transfer process between chloranil and the donor.     

气色相谱-质谱法测定化妆品中的氯霉素

氯霉素是一种广谱抗生素,化妆品卫生规范规定氯霉素等抗生素为禁用物质.关于氯霉素的检测多采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)[1]和高效液相色谱-质谱(HPLC-MS)[2] 测定,或者经N,O-双三甲基硅烷基-三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)、三甲基氯硅烷(TMCS)等硅烷化[3-4]后进行气相色谱(GC)、GC-MS测定.本文建立了采用较为普通的乙酸酐试剂进行衍生化,然后用GC-MS测定的方法.将该法应用于化妆品中氯霉素的检测,取得了较好的效果.     

Hopf bifurcation of a tumor immune model with time delay

In this paper, a tumor immune model with time delay is studied. First, the stability of nonnegative equilibria is analyzed. Then the time delay τ is selected as a bifurcation parameter and the existence of Hopf bifurcation is proved. Finally, by using the canonical method and the central manifold theory, the criteria for judging the direction and stability of Hopf bifurcation are given.     

激光-载荷联合作用下天然乳胶烧蚀实验研究

为了摸清激光辐照橡胶类气象气球等空中目标的效应规律,为后续开展外场试验提供依据,本文进行了激光-载荷联合作用下天然乳胶材料烧蚀性能实验研究。采用1085 nm光纤固体激光器,对天然乳胶材料进行了激光辐照效应实验,研究了激光和载荷共同作用下材料的烧蚀性能,结果得到：材料主要发生热解、烧蚀穿孔和断裂破坏;在同等功率密度光斑辐照条件下,材料破坏时间随载荷增加先增加后减小;在同等加载条件下,材料破坏时间随辐照功率密度增加而减小。     

基于温度和发射率场的涂层损伤检测方法

在现代化国防和航空航天领域,目标表面涂覆具有热防护、电磁屏蔽、降低红外辐射等性能的材料,可有效保护目标,但其处于目标的表面,长期受到周围环境影响,易出现气泡、划痕、脱落等不同类型的损伤,造成涂层性能大幅度降低,无法有效保护目标。因此,需要定期对目标涂层进行检测和维护。通过研究涂层损伤与温度和发射率之间的关系,结合热辐射定律、比色测温技术、发射率测量方法,搭建一套红外热像仪的检测装置,提出一种基于涂层温度和发射率场的涂层损伤检测方法。将研制的检测装置应用于以铝为基底的氧化铝涂层,通过分析氧化铝的温度和发射率准确识别涂层内部和外部损伤,验证了基于温度和发射率场的涂层损伤检测方法的理论模型,以及检测装置的可行性与适用性。     

融合曲率信息的点云配准方法

针对点云配准时受原始位姿局限及配准效率、鲁棒性低的问题,提出一种融合曲率信息的点云配准方法。首先,将海量点云进行重心邻近点体素下采样,采用融合曲率信息的提取算法提取特征点;其次,通过三维形状上下描述符进行特征描述并利用改进的随机抽样一致性算法进行粗配准;最后,在具有较好位姿的情况下采用Symm-ICP进行精配准。试验结果表明,该算法对于不同位姿的点云数据均保持较高的配准精度。本文提出的算法配准效率优于其他算法,并具有较好的鲁棒性。