近红外空间碎片激光测距光束准直性标校方法

将1064nm波长激光应用于漫反射空间碎片激光测距,具有大气透过率高、回波光子数多、白天天空背景噪声低的优势。由于近红外激光束后向散射图像的信噪比与对比度较低,导致图像中光束边界模糊,光尖坐标提取困难,无法精确控制发射准直性和望远镜收发光轴平行性,不利于回波获取。为此,提出了一种基于图像处理的光束准直性标校方法,实现光束闭环控制,修正激光束出射准直性,提高望远镜收发光轴平行性。实验结果表明,所提方法能够显著改善1064nm波长激光束出射准直性,实现了望远镜收发光轴平行性的闭环控制。     

谐振器加载石墨烯的双通带可调滤波衰减器设计

石墨烯材料在微波段的阻抗可控特性是其最有价值的应用特性之一。文中首次分析了石墨烯对微带 多模谐振的影响机理,提出了一种集成滤波衰减功能为一体的灵活可控器件。首先,对不同位置加载石墨烯的微带双 模谐振器进行了严格的等效电路建模,通过奇偶模分析法及输入导纳参数计算,探究了双模谐振受石墨烯阻抗及其加 载位置的影响,明晰了石墨烯材料对微波谐振器的影响。随后设计了动态可调的滤波衰减器并阐述了石墨烯材料在谐 波控制上的潜在应用点。最后,采用不同尺寸的双模谐振器进行石墨烯加载并完成双通带幅度独立可控的滤波衰减器 的设计,仿真与实测结果吻合良好,验证了阻抗可控石墨烯材料在可调微波衰减类器件上的应用前景。     

基于改进Kalman滤波模型的扫描合成孔径雷达图像扇贝效应校正方法

星载扫描合成孔径雷达(ScanSAR)采取Burst工作模式,该模式在获得宽幅测绘能力的同时,也导致图像中产生了固有的扇贝效应,严重影响图像的视觉效果和定量应用。该文结合对ScanSAR图像方位向统计特性的分析,针对现有滤波模型稳定性差和时间复杂度高等缺点,提出了一种改进的Kalman滤波模型,对图像方位向标准差和均值进行滤波以校正扇贝条纹。在高分三号(GF-3)卫星获取的真实ScanSAR图像上的校正结果验证了改进算法的有效性和高效性,此外在建筑群和海陆交界等复杂场景图像上的实验结果表明,改进算法具有较强的鲁棒性。     

采用JVC算法生成枝切线的干涉相位解缠方法

海面高程3维成像是随着天宫二号发射而实现的技术,相位解缠是3维成像高度计高程反演的关键步骤.为改进Goldstein枝切法,缩短干涉相位图中枝切线的总长度,提升相位解缠的精确性,该文提出一种基于JVC全局最优线性分配算法生成枝切线的相位解缠方法.首先找出干涉相位图中的所有残差点并计算每一对异号残差点之间的距离;通过对比每对残差点之间的距离和各自与最近边界的距离和,确定采用JVC算法放置枝切线还是在残差点与边界之间直接放置枝切线,使得平衡枝切线的总长度最短.通过对3维成像高度计海面高程仿真干涉相位图和Etna火山地区干涉图像进行解缠实验并与其他3种算法进行对比,表明该算法的解缠结果与真实相位值误差相对较小,而且能够有效避免"孤岛现象"的产生.     

基于支持向量机的无人机定位信号分离算法研究

为了解决无人机(UAV)无源定位中难以从多径干扰严重的环境中提取无人机定位信号的问题,该文提出一种基于支持向量机(SVM)的无人机定位信号分离算法,在SVM模型训练时,通过计算无人机相邻数据集之间的欧氏距离获取信息熵,为SVM映射高维空间提供模型数据.在此基础上,加入映射函数阈值软边界,使模型具有参数自适应调整能力,来适应无人机运动灵活所导致的数据差异.最后构建了观测者操作特性曲线获取无人机定位信号分离结果.仿真结果表明所提算法能够有效分离无人机定位信号与噪声,在多径干扰严重的情况下具有较高的信号分离准确率.     

体温计模型的临界行为

提出一个可用离散朗之万方程描述的体温计模型.该体温计的特点是其温度示数只能随外界温度的升高而上升,当外界温度降低时,其示数却不能下降.根据体温计示数这种只升不降的特点,定义了“停顿”事件.用随机行走的理论解析地推导了停顿时间分布函数数值模拟和解析结果都显示这种分布函数呈幂律形式D(s)∝s^-ξ,揭示出在这一过程中所表现出的临界性. 关键词：     

Phase Selectively Soluble Dendritic Derivative of 4-(Dimethylamino)- pyridine: An Easily Recyclable Catalyst for Baylis-Hillman Reactions

Among the reactions in which C-C bonds are formed, the Baylis-Hillman coupling of aldehydes with α, β-unsaturated carbonylic compounds is currently attracting much interest due to the atom economy, the mild conditions and the generation of functional groups1,2. Furthermore, compared to the Heck, Suzuki and other palladium catalyzed C-C bond forming reaction3, the Baylis-Hillman reaction can be promoted by using organic bases in the complete absence of any metal4. However, almost all the …     

Synthesis and applications of photochromic fulgides in optical information storages

A pyrryl substituted photocbromic fulgide, (1-p-methoxyphenyl-2-methyl-5-phenyl)-3-pyrryl-ethylidene (isopropylidene) succinic anhydride, was synthesized. Its chemical structure was identified by IR, 1H NMR MS and elemental analysis. The title compound was used to prepare the optical disks by the spin coating method and the vacuum evaporation method. The results of the static state examination show that the optical disks prepared with this kind of molecules possess excellent thermal stability and fatigue resistance, i.e. over 450 writing-erasing recycles, the relative contrast between writing state and erasing state remains at 40%.     

DETECTION OF T_g BY MODULATED DIFFERENTIAL SCANNING CALORIMETRY

The glassy transition of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sampleswhich have been subjected to solvent induced crystallization (SINC) was investigated bymodulated differential scanning calorimetry (MDSC) and density measurement. The dif-ferential of heat capacity signal, d C_p/dT from MDSC, was used to monitor the SINCprocess. It reveals that the T_g temperature shifts to higher value with the advancement ofSINC. When the toluene-immersing time was longer (168h), the detection of T_g becomemore difficult, because some smaller peaks emerged at the lower temperatures and theseare explained as the movement of small segments in the amorphous region. These observedresults are due to the morphology and structure introduced by the SINC process.     

Photochromism of cis(z)-1,2-bispyrryl-substituted ethene derivatives

Photochromism of two bispyrryl-substituted ethenes, 2, 3-bis-(1-p-methoxyphenyl-5-phenyl-2-methyl-3-pyrryl)-2-butene (BPE1) and 2,3-bis(1-p-bromophenyl-4-phenyl-2-methyl-3-pyrryl)-2-butene (BPE2), was studied by laser flash photolysis technique. The results indicate that photocyclization of these compounds proceeds mainly via the excited triplet state, and the cis-trans isomerization proceeds mainly via the excited singlet state. After UV laser pulse irradiation, both photocylization and cis-trans isomerization of BPEl occur, but photocydization is the main reaction. On the other hand, laser photolysis of BPE2 leads mainly to photocydization. The effects of the substituents on the photochromic mechanism are also discussed.