Dung’s Argumentation is Essentially Equivalent to Classical Propositional Logic with the Peirce–Quine Dagger

In this paper we show that some versions of Dung’s abstract argumentation frames are equivalent to classical propositional logic. In fact, Dung’s attack relation is none other than the generalised Peirce–Quine dagger connective of classical logic which can generate the other connectives ?, ù, ú, ?{\neg, \wedge, \vee, \to} of classical logic. After establishing the above correspondence we offer variations of the Dung argumentation frames in parallel to variations of classical logic, such as resource logics, predicate logic, etc., etc., and create resource argumentation frames, predicate argumentation frames, etc., etc. We also offer the notion of logic proof as a geometrical walk along the nodes of a Dung network and thus we are able to offer a geometrical abstraction of the notion of inference based argumentation. Thus our paper is also a contribution to the question:     

Dynamic fracture instabilities in brittle crystals generated by thermal phonon emission: Experiments and atomistic calculations

Dynamic cleavage fracture experiments of brittle single crystal silicon revealed several length scales of surface and path instabilities: macroscale path selection, mesoscale crack deflection, and nanoscale surface ridges. These phenomena cannot be predicted or explained by any of the continuum mechanics based equations of motion of dynamic cracks, as presumably critical energy dissipation mechanisms are not fully accounted for in the theories. Experimentally measured maximum crack speed, always lower than the theoretical limit, is another phenomenon that is as yet not well understood.We suggest that these phenomena depend on velocity dependent and anisotropic material property that resists crack propagation. The basic approach is that the bond breaking mechanisms during dynamic crack propagation vibrate the atoms at the crack front to generate thermal phonon emission, or heat, which provides additional energy dissipation mechanisms. This energy dissipation mechanism is a material property that resists crack propagation. To evaluate this property, we combined the continuum based elastodynamic Freund equation of motion with molecular dynamics atomistic computer “experiments”.We analyzed the above experimental dynamic fracture instabilities in silicon with the obtained velocity dependent and anisotropic material property and show its importance in cleavage of brittle crystals.     

Development,characterisation and 1000 Suns outdoor tests of GaAs monolithic interconnected module (MIM) receivers

Monolithic interconnected modules (MIMs) are large area, high voltage PV devices which perform well at very high light intensities. They are therefore well suited for the assembly of dense array receivers. The latter can be employed in solar concentrator systems such as parabolic dishes at a concentration ratio of 1000 Suns or more. This paper reports on progress in the development and testing of GaAs MIMs and of water‐cooled dense array receivers assembled from MIMs. The MIMs are electrically protected by integrated bypass diodes and, under indoor laboratory tests, reach an efficiency of 20·0% at 1000 Suns and 22·9% at 200 Suns. Several dense array receivers have been assembled, one of which was tested outdoors at 1‐Sun and at concentration ratios of several hundred Suns and up to slightly above 1000 Suns using the PETAL solar dish facility in Sede Boqer, Israel. In addition to I–V curve measurements, the high‐concentration tests included measurements that quantified the light intensity distribution over the dense array. Deformations in some of the I–V plots were observed for intensity distributions that departed substantially from perfect uniformity. The shapes of these plots were successfully reproduced by an electronic network simulation of the inhomogeneously illuminated receiver. 1‐Sun I–V curve measurements and visual inspections performed before and after exposure of the module to concentrated sunlight revealed no indications of degradation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

On decidable,finitely axiomatizable,modal and tense logics without the finite model property Part I

Decidability results in modal and tense logics were obtained through the finite model property. This paper shows that the method is limited, since there exists a decidable extension of modalT that lacks the finite model property. The decidability of the system is proved through a new method, thereduction method, (using a theorem of Rabin).     

A Portable Electronic-Pneumatic Ventricular Assist Driving System

During the past few years, a number of left ventricular assist devices for diastolic augmentation have been developed which incorporate pneumatically driven pulsating pumps. The driving systems for these devices synchronize the pump to the cardiac cycle, provide any required time delay, and generate an appropriate pneumatic waveform.     

Σ = 3, {112} Lateral Twin Boundaries in GaP

The structure of = 3, {112} lateral twin boundaries in polycrystalline GaP has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy. The orientation of the polar bonding along the lateral twin boundary was characterized by convergent-beam electron diffraction and found to be mirror symmetric across the {112} interface. Rigid-body lattice translations and grain boundary dislocations along the boundaries were also characterized. The direction of the translation state between adjacent twin-related grains was studied by the -fringe contrast technique. Models of the {112} interface in the GaP lattice are proposed and compared with the experimental observations.

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= 3, {112} Lateral Twin Boundaries in GaP

     

Non-equilibrium physical systems approach to modeling evolution of optical fiber reliability

We propose a new approach, based on physics of non-equilibrium systems, to modeling optical fiber reliability. Unlike the traditional approach to statistical modeling of fracture, the presented one describes the phenomenon in terms of its dynamics and links the thermal-fluctuation damage events with the corresponding strength deterioration, thereby establishing an evolution equation of the time-dependent strength distribution. The developed model is validated by both simulations and experimental data.     

Validity of an Arterial System Model: A Quantitative Evaluation

The purpose of this investigation was to validate an arterial system model in a quantitative fashion. The model is based on a finite difference solution to the Navier?Stokes equations and retains certain nonlinear features of the system. Rather than apply standard error measures that test waveform correlation, the validation method used relies on the quantification of differences between the model and animals over a wide range of parametric changes. A series of functions was used to define the difference between the dependent variables of the model and corresponding hemodynamic variables of the animals. These functions were displayed as a family of three-dimensional difference surfaces which related the function value to parametric changes of the independent variables. Experimental data from three dogs were compared with model predictions. Regions of validity for the independent variables were then assessed by examining the difference surfaces.