Non-isothermal crystallization behaviors and spherulitic morphology of poly(lactic acid) nucleated by a novel nucleating agent

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The effect of cadmium phenylmalonate (PMA-Cd) as a novel nucleating agent on the crystallization behaviors and spherulitic morphology of poly(lactic...     

Changes in Phenols,Polysaccharides and Volatile Profiles of Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Juice during Fermentation

The change in phenols, polysaccharides and volatile profiles of noni juice from laboratory- and factory-scale fermentation was analyzed during a 63-day fermentation process. The phenol and polysaccharide contents and aroma characteristics clearly changed according to fermentation scale and time conditions. The flavonoid content in noni juice gradually increased with fermentation. Seventy-three volatile compounds were identified by solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). Methyl hexanoate, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol, octanoic acid, hexanoic acid and 2-heptanone were found to be the main aroma components of fresh and fermented noni juice. A decrease in octanoic acid and hexanoic acid contents resulted in the less pungent aroma in noni juice from factory-scale fermentation. The results of principal component analysis of the electronic nose suggested that the difference in nitrogen oxide, alkanes, alcohols, and aromatic and sulfur compounds, contributed to the discrimination of noni juice from different fermentation times and scales.     

Charge-transfer complex coupled between polymer and H-aggregate molecular crystals

Crystal needles of N,N′-bis(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4,9,10-perylenebis(dicarboximide) (EPPTC) are produced through p-stacking and are embedded in the thin film of poly(9,9-din-hexylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO) when the blend solution of EPPTC and PFO in p-xylene is spin-coated onto a glass substrate. Charge transfer (CT) complex is resolved from the spectroscopic response of the blend film, which is generated only when the PFO molecules are excited. Thus, the PFO molecules are specified as donors and the H-aggregated EPPTC as acceptors in the formation of CT state (CTS). The emission resulting from the CTS in the red is further recognized by its much longer lifetime than both the intrinsic emission of the individual EPPTC molecules and that of their pure aggregates. Near-field analysis verifies that the CTS form on the boundary between the PFO and the crystal phases. The CT exciton forms by bounding the hole left on HOMO of the donor (PFO) and the indirectly transferred electron to the H-aggregate state of EPPTC, which transits back to the ground state by emitting a photon at about 650 nm. This introduces special physics in the heterojunctions that are coupled with the H-aggregates and mechanisms important for the design of organic photovoltaic devices. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013     

Oxygen consumption and chemisorption in low-temperature oxidation of sub-bituminous pulverized coal

Studying the effect of oxygen in coal oxidation is very important for understanding and controlling coal spontaneous combustion. However, the oxygen effect is not very easy to determine clearly due to the large effect of heat source on coal oxidation in temperature rising experiments. Here, focused on sub-bituminous coal, the oxygen effect was separated from coal oxidation by continuously measuring FTIR spectra of coal with respect to varying temperatures and under oxygen and nitrogen. The active groups’ real-time changes of coal oxidation, thermal treatment and oxygen effect were measured. The carboxylic ester and carboxyl units are the main functional groups that increase with temperatures increasing under oxygen and nitrogen, while the other functional groups decrease in quantity. The oxygen effect promoted the consumption of aliphatic hydrocarbons and hydroxyl groups and also promoted the formation of oxygen-containing groups (except hydroxyl). Four characteristic temperature stages involved in the oxygen effect and their key functional groups were identified. Simultaneously, the relationship of oxygen consumption and chemisorption in oxygen effect was analyzed. The starting temperature of oxygen chemisorption is between 50 and 60°C. The maximum contribution of oxygen effect was observed in methyl and methylene groups. These results are important for chemical control of coal spontaneous combustion. The oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbon should be controlled before oxygen chemisorption. The value of oxygen consumption between 70 and 80°C can be measured accurately due to the constant chemisorption rate, which help to identify the tendency for spontaneous combustion. These results will help in better understanding of the reaction mechanism of coal oxidation, especially the oxygen effect.     

叠加训练序列设计及其高效传输技术研究

采用训练序列与信息数据叠加的传输方案由于消除训练序列占用的频带开销而受到广泛关注。然而,如何高效的分离叠加信号是实现高效信道估计和可靠检测的基础。通过叠加周期训练序列,研究了基于数据依赖的叠加训练(DDST)方案的高效信道估计和检测方案。并结合信道编码技术,研究了编码条件下DDST方案与传统时分复用(TDM)方案的性能。仿真结果表明,在消除训练带宽开销的情况下,获得DDST方案与TDM的误码率基本保持一致。     

浅谈元器件失效分析在质量问题归零中的作用

本文首先简要介绍了元器件失效分析的目的和作用以及基本实施程序,然后针对我所在质量问题归零过程中存在的集成电路失效原因及机理定位不准确,纠正措施不到位的问题,举例说明了近期在某质量问题归零工作过程中通过委托工信部电子5所进行失效分析,明确了芯片失效原因,进而实现了彻底归零。实践证明,元器件失效分析对于准确定位器件失效原因及机理,从而促进质量问题彻底归零有着关键作用。