Breath Figure Arrays: Unconventional Fabrications,Functionalizations, and Applications

A breath figure (BF) is the water droplet array that forms when moisture comes in contact with a cold substrate. This water droplet array has been widely utilized in the past two decades as a versatile soft template for the fabrication of polymeric porous films. Accordingly, the ordered pores on the polymer films formed with such a method are named a breath figure array (BFA).The BF templating technique is undergoing rapid development. Several unconventional BF processes have been established to prepare porous films with unique morphologies or primary materials, and various newly developed functionalization techniques have significantly improved the performance of polymeric films with BFA, leading to novel applications, including templates, biosensors, and separation membranes. These recent achievements will be described in this Minireview.     

A New Sandwiched-type Polyoxotungstate Containing {Cd4} Transition-metal Cluster： Synthesis,Structure and Luminescent Property

A new sandwiched polyoxometalate [HK11Cd4Cl2（PW9034）2]·18H2O （1）, incor- porating a unique hybrid tetranuclear cadmium cluster （abbreviated to {Cd4}） with two trivacant polyanions [B-α-PW9O34]9-, has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectroscopy, UV-vis, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal data for 1： monoclinic, space group C2/c, a = 19.2997（4）, b = 13.8014（3）, c = 31.9819（8） A, β = 102.764（2）°, V= 8308.3（3） A3, Z = 4, P2O86Cl2K11Cd4W18H37, Mr = 5735.13, Dc = 4.584 mg-mm-3, F（000） = 10084, μ = 26.579 mm-1, the final R = 0.0378 and wR = 0.0989 for 6558 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. X-ray crystallographic study shows that the molecular structure of 1 contains four cadmium atoms. Two CdO6 distorted octahedra and two CdOsC1 distorted octahedra combine with each other in turn via edge-sharing, resulting in a regular rhomb-like cluster sandwiched between two {B-a-PW9034} units. Further, the sandwich-type polyoxoanions were connected by K＋ ions to form a complicated 3-D open-framework through connecting with each terminal O atom of the [Cd4C12（PW9O34）2]12- polyoxoanions. In addition, compound 1 exhibits photoluminescence property at room temperature and the band gap can be assessed at 3.25 eV.     

水溶液中锌粉促进邻二醇合成的研究

邻二醇是有机合成中重要的合成子,是合成烯烃、酮类化合物的重要中间体,广泛用于农药、医药等精细化工品的合成.合成邻二醇最有效的方法是羰基化合物的还原偶联,通常由羰基化合物与相应的金属试剂或金属络合物作用而实现,往往反应时间长,要求的条件苛刻,有的收率比较低.     

温敏性聚合物复合体系低临界溶解温度的研究

研究了温敏性N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的均聚物(PNIPAm)及其共聚物P(NIPAm-co-KYD)与十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(CTAC)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、盐等复配体系的低临界溶解温度(LCST)的变化规律。单因素复配体系中,wEDTA为0.1%时,体系LCST从33℃降低到25℃,增大到0.2%时,LCST下降趋于缓慢;wCTAC在0.5%-3.0%范围内,LCST先上升后下降,但wCTAC在0.5%-1.0%内相转变很不明显,超过1.5%后相转变又趋于明显;而无机盐能使体系LCST线性下降;多因素复配体系中LCST变化较缓和,易于控制且相转变现象明显。     

Experimental Study on Wave Characteristics of Stilling Basin with a Negative Step

Stilling basin with a negative step is an important structure in hydraulic systems, because it can avoid atomization and decrease scouring problems. Although stilling basins with a negative step have attracted much attention from researchers, few researchers have focused on the wave characteristics. In this research, an experimental study on the wave characteristics of stilling basins with a negative step was carried out. The wave height, average period, wave probability density and power spectrum along the flow direction of different stilling basins with a negative step were described based on the wave theory, and the results indicate discharge and step height have a significant effect on the wave characteristics. The relationships between the different characteristic wave heights, and the empirical formula for the relative characteristic wave height are obtained. Finally, the dimensionless standard deviation at the end of the stilling basin with a negative step is linearly related to the flow-energy ratio and the relative step height under B-jump.     

高功率激光系统鬼光束光控制技术研究

通过理论计算与实验研究,详细分析了鬼光束(ghost beam)的传输与变换规律.研究了高功率激光系统中鬼光束聚焦形成的鬼点(ghost image)的位置与规避方法,在某高功率激光装置预放大系统中通过角度倾斜与透镜迎光面的选择等措施,成功避开了鬼点对各种光学元件带来的损伤,同时融合了笔形光束与反激光的控制技术,提高了系统输出信噪比,获得了稳定可靠的系统输出特性.     

QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱法同时测定全血中10种新型合成大麻素

建立了QuEChERS结合超高效液相色谱-四极杆/静电场轨道阱高分辨质谱(UPLC-QE-Orbitrap MS)同时测定全血中10种新型合成大麻素的分析方法。全血样本经优化的QuEChERS法提取后,采用Hypersil GOLDTMVanquish色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.9μm),以0.1%甲酸水和0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,在加热电喷雾离子源正离子/平行反应监测(HESI+/PRM)模式下同时进行检测。结果表明,10种目标物质在对应质量浓度范围内呈良好线性,相关系数(r²)均不小于0.999 0,检出限(LOD)为0.01～0.05 ng/mL,定量下限(LOQ)为0.05～0.20 ng/mL,回收率为92.1%～115%,基质效应为86.6%～115%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)均不大于8.5%,日间RSD均不大于10%。该方法具有操作简便、选择性好,检测灵敏度及回收率高的特点,适用于法庭科学全血样本中合成大麻素的检验鉴定。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定化妆品中的6种镇痛类化学成分

建立了同时测定化妆品中氨基比林、非那西丁、双氯芬酸钠、吲哚美辛、保泰松、氯苯那敏等6种镇痛类化学成分含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（UHPLC-MS/MS）法。以膏霜、面膜、啫喱和喷雾类样品为代表性基质,化妆品样品采用乙腈进行超声辅助液液萃取,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱（2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm）分离,以含5 mmol/L乙酸铵的乙腈和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在多反应监测（MRM）模式下,通过串联质谱检测器进行检测。结果表明,6种化合物在5～200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r）均大于0.99,检出限和定量下限分别为0.15μg/g和0.50μg/g。低、中、高3个浓度水平的加标回收率为75.0%～120%,日内相对标准偏差（RSD）均不大于7.9%,日间RSD均不大于9.7%。该方法操作简便、灵敏度高、准确性好,适用于化妆品中镇痛类化学成分含量的检测,可为化妆品安全监管提供技术支撑。