Current measurement method based on magneto-optic rotation effect

Aiming at the approximate measurement of magnetic rotation angle in optical current sensor based on light intensity detection mode, this paper proposes a current measurement method based on triangular constant transformation to reconstruct magnetic rotation angle, so as to avoid the large current measurement error caused by the approximate measurement of the magnetic rotation angle. By extracting the direct current (DC) component and the alternating current (AC) component of the light intensity signal detected by the photoelectric detector (PD), the sine signal containing the magnetic rotation angle is directly obtained by dividing the two components, and then the triangular identity transformation method is used to linearly demodulate the magnetic rotation angle and reconstruct the current waveform. The experimental results show that the relative error of current measurement does not exceed 1.40% in the current range of 0.05—0.50 A, which is less than the approximate linear measurement (ALM) method, and the magnetic rotation angle and the current have a good linear relationship.     

基于差分模型的近场无源定位算法

对于均匀线性天线阵列近场目标定位研究是探测领域重要难点之一。本文根据前期近场基于差分迭代传播计算模型研究基础,提出一种新型高精度近场无源定位算法,针对均匀线性阵列近场目标空间几何结构,突破传统菲涅尔近似近场传播模型的束缚,建立全新高精度目标关系模型并形成定位解析表达式,通过阵列处理估计改进到达时差（TOA）定位观测量,利用新算法快速准确地获取近场多个独立同分布目标的定位信息。仿真实验结果表明：新算法机理不同于传统近场估计分析,特别是定位解析式的引入使得位置精度提升的同时计算量大为降低,更好地适应了近场非线性关系结构,性能分析显示TOA误差对定位估计精度的影响较为有限,在典型信噪比条件下新算法的距离和角度估计精度优于几种常规处理算法,未来具有深入研究的价值。     

第二代北斗客户端用射频声表面波滤波器的研制

介绍了一种可满足第二代北斗客户端用B3波段载频滤波的声表面波(SAW)射频滤波器。该滤波器采用“5换能器纵向耦合结构+谐振器”的混合型设计方案,在充分考虑了SMD3030A封装及键合引线寄生影响后,成功研制出-1 dB带宽35 MHz、插入损耗2.2 dB、矩形系数1.9的滤波器产品。结果表明,仿真与实测吻合性较好,证明了该设计方案的可行性。     

GaAs衬底上β-Ga2O3纳米点阵薄膜的MOCVD制备

将热氧化与MOCVD工艺相结合,总结了一种在本征GaAs衬底上进行β-Ga₂O₃纳米点阵薄膜制备的工艺,该工艺不涉及金属催化剂与复杂刻蚀,工艺更为简单。使用扫描电子显微镜对所制备薄膜的形貌特征进行了表征与分析,发现所制备的纳米点阵薄膜呈现五方的柱状结构。对所制备样品进行了X射线衍射、拉曼振动、光致发光谱的测试,结果表明薄膜的晶体质量随着MOCVD生长温度与Ⅵ/Ⅲ比的提高而得到优化。使用有限元法（FEM）仿真验证了β-Ga₂O₃纳米点阵薄膜制备的高陷光特点。     

A rare-earth spectral traceability anti-counterfeiting detection technology

In this paper, a rare-earth spectral traceability anti-counterfeiting detection technology is proposed. Configure rare-earth samples No.1, No.2 and No.3 with different doping ratios. The spectral signals of these three samples are collected and integrated into a sample library. The traceability anti-counterfeiting detection is to compare the spectral information of the samples to be tested with the established sample library by selecting specific wavelength points for light intensity values. If the sample to be measured meets the light intensity range of the established sample library at a specific wavelength point, the sample model will be output. If it does not meet the light intensity range, the sample to be tested is fake. After testing, the anti-counterfeit rate of samples No.1, No.2 and No.3 can reach 100%. This testing process does not destroy the sample, and the anti-counterfeit effect is unique and reliable.     

基于时频域深度网络的海面小目标特征检测

为了提升海杂波背景下小目标探测性能,本文提出一种基于时频域深度网络的特征检测方法。首先,将观测向量转换为归一化时频图（Normalized Time-Frequency Graph, NTFG）,实现海杂波抑制。在时频域,建立海杂波、含正多普勒偏移目标回波、含负多普勒偏移目标回波的三分类问题,精细化目标落在主杂波带内外的不同特性。其次,引入Inception-ResNet V2深度网络作为特征提取器,自主学习不同类别在NTFG上的深层差异性,并将差异性浓缩为一个2D特征向量。然后,在2D特征空间中,设计具有引导的三次样条曲线,获得虚警可控的判决区域,实现异常检测。最后,IPIX实测数据验证了所提算法的性能优势,能深入挖掘时频域的特性。     

基于深度学习的高频雷达射频干扰自动识别与抑制

高频地波雷达的探测性能极易受到射频干扰的影响,当前射频干扰抑制的研究主要是通过人工识别来逐一处理,鲜见实时自动识别与抑制射频干扰的研究。随着深度学习在雷达图像处理方面应用的展开,本文尝试将其引入高频雷达射频干扰抑制中,利用YOLO (You Only Look Once)模型来识别雷达距离多普勒谱图中的射频干扰,继而用高阶奇异值分解(Higher Order Singular Value Decomposition, HOSVD)方法对其进行抑制。仿真和实测数据处理结果表明,此YOLO-HOSVD联合算法实现了对高频雷达射频干扰的自动识别与抑制,单场数据处理时间不超过1.8 s。该方法可以应用于高频地波雷达常规海态观测。     

电动汽车锂离子电池荷电状态估算方法研究综述

锂离子电池具有循环寿命长、能量密度高、自放电率低、环境污染小等优点,在电动汽车产业中得到广泛应用.电动汽车中的电池管理系统(BMS)可以维护和监测电池状态,确保电池的安全性和可靠性.电池荷电状态(SoC)表示电池中剩余的电量,是BMS的重要参数之一,实时精确的SoC估算可以延长电池寿命,保障行驶安全.然而锂离子电池是一个高度复杂的非线性时变系统,电池寿命、环境温度、电池自放电等许多未知因素均会对估算精度造成影响,使估算难度大大增加.为了满足不同条件下对锂离子电池SoC精确、快速、实时估算的要求,需要对SoC估计算法进行进一步研究与改进.近年来已有相关文献对锂离子电池SoC的估算方法进行了综述,然而已有相关综述对估算方法的总结不够全面且缺少流程表达.该文首先介绍了锂离子电池的工作原理,阐述了影响电池SoC估算的因素;其次,通过总结最新的研究成果对电池SoC估算方法进行了归纳分析,根据各类算法的不同特性将其分为查表法、安时积分法、基于模型的方法、数据驱动的方法以及混合方法五大类,说明了各类估算方法的主要特征并对模型或算法的优缺点进行综合的比较和讨论;最后,对电动汽车中锂离子电池SoC估算方法的未来发展方向做出展望.     

一种高动态低信噪比环境下基于多样本点串行快速傅里叶变换的信号捕获方法

高超音速技术是未来空间飞行器的发展趋势,同时对通信平台在超高动态、低信噪比环境下的快速捕获能力也提出了新的挑战.针对经典捕获算法受频偏影响的局限性,该文提出一种基于信号多样本点串行快速傅里叶变换的信号捕获算法(MS-FFT),所提算法通过串行执行多个样本点的FFT,采用非相干合并后的峰值搜索得到捕获结果,在不增加复杂度的条件下,避免了频偏对捕获性能的影响.通过对峰值信噪比(PSNR)理论公式的推导,证明了MS-FFT的频偏适应范围取决于采样率,随着数模转换器件采样能力的不断提升,具有比经典算法更大的频偏适应范围.最后,通过仿真验证了上述理论推导的正确性,证明了所提算法更加适合超高动态环境的应用场景.     

Effect of microcrystallite preparation conditions on the formation of colloid crystals of cellulose

Stable colloidal suspensions of cellulose microcrystallites may be prepared from filter paper by sulfuric acid hydrolysis. Above a critical concentration, the suspensions form a chiral nematic ordered phase, or colloid crystal. The preparation conditions govern the properties of the individual cellulose microcrystallites, and hence the liquid crystalline phase separation of the cellulose suspensions. The particle properties and the phase separation of the suspensions were strongly dependent on the hydrolysis temperature and time, and on the intensity of the ultrasonic irradiation used to disperse the particles. The particle size of the microcrystallites was characterized with transmission electron microscopy and photon correlation spectroscopy. The surface charge was determined by conductometric titration. It was possible to fractionate the microcrystallites by size using the partitioning between isotropic and liquid crystalline phases; the longer microcrystallites migrate to the liquid crystalline phase