Fabrication of a pure polarization grating in a cross-linked azopolymer by polarization-modulated holography

A cross-linked azopolymer with high optical and thermal stability was prepared. A pure polarization grating without surface topology was fabricated from cross-linked azopolymer by polarization holography by use of orthogonal linearly polarized beams from a He-Cd laser with a power density of 60 mW/cm(-2). The surface relief structure was investigated by atomic-force microscopy, and the polarization grating was observed by polarization optical microscopy. The grating spacing is 1.5 microm. The grating is stable at room temperature and can endure repeated writing-erasing.     

P-Twisted Affine Lie Algebras and Their Associated Vertex Algebras

For any finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra g, a Z₊-graded vertex algebra is construsted on the vacuum representation V_k(\hat{g}[ θ]) of \hat{g}[θ], which is a one-dimentional central extension of θ-invariant subspace on the loop algebra Lg=g\otimes C((t^1/p)).     

Using gold colloid nanoparticles to modulate the surface enhanced fluorescence of Rhodamine B

Enhanced fluorescence from Rhodamine B (RB) mixed with gold colloids has been observed under ultraviolet irradiation. Spectroscopic studies show that with the increasing gold colloids content, the fluorescence of RB at about 590 nm increases firstly and then decreases with slight red shift. These features observed in the experiment can be explained by the local electric field enhancement via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of gold nanoparticles. Fluorescence enhancement is obtained when the emission frequency of RB lies within the bandwidth of local field enhancement from gold nanoparticles. Theoretical calculation results show that the local field band red shifts obviously with increase the thickness of dye shell which capped on gold particle, whereas the fluorescence band of RB is fixed around 590 nm. Therefore, the red shift and non-monotonic change of fluorescence intensity from RB is attributed to the dye shell dependent red shift of local field band of gold particles.     

Lewis Acid Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Hydrogen Activation: Structures,Mechanisms, and Reactivities

As a new type of bifunctional catalyst, the Lewis acid transition-metal (LA-TM) catalysts have been widely applied for hydrogen activation. This study presents a mechanistic framework to understand the LA-TM-catalyzed H₂ activation through DFT studies. The mer(trans)-homolytic cleavage, the fac(cis)-homolytic cleavage, the synergetic heterolytic cleavage, and the dissociative heterolytic cleavage should be taken as general mechanisms for the field of LA-TM catalysis. Four typical LA-TM catalysts, the Z-type κ⁴-L₃B-Rh complex tri(azaindolyl)borane-Rh, the X-type κ³-L₂B-Co complex bis-phosphino-boryl (PBP)-Co, the η²-BC-type κ³-L₂B-Pd complex diphosphine-borane (DPB)-Pd, and the Z-type κ²-LB-Pt complex (boryl)iminomethane (BIM)-Pt are selected as representative models to systematically illustrate their mechanistic features and explore the influencing factors on mechanistic variations. Our results indicate that the tri(azaindolyl)borane-Rh catalyst favors the synergetic heterolytic mechanism; the PBP-Co catalyst prefers the mer(trans)-homolytic mechanism; the DPB-Pd catalyst operates through the fac(cis)-homolytic mechanism, whereas the BIM-Pt catalyst tends to undergo the dissociative heterolytic mechanism. The mechanistic variations are determined by the coordination geometry, the LA-TM bonding nature, the electronic structure of the TM center, and the flexibility or steric effect of the LA ligands. The presented mechanistic framework should provide helpful guidelines for LA-TM catalyst design and reaction developments.     

Intrinsic Apyrase-Like Activity of Cerium-Based Metal–Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Dephosphorylation of Adenosine Tri- and Diphosphate

Apyrase is an important family of extracellular enzymes that catalyse the hydrolysis of high-energy phosphate bonds (HEPBs) in ATP and ADP, thereby modulating many physiological processes and driving life activities. Herein, we report an unexpected discovery that cerium-based metal–organic frameworks (Ce-MOFs) of UiO-66(Ce) have intrinsic apyrase-like activity for ATP/ADP-related physiological processes. The abundant Ce^III/Ce^IV couple sites of Ce-MOFs endow them with the ability to selectively catalyse the hydrolysis of HEPBs of ATP and ADP under physiological conditions. Compared to natural enzymes, they could resist extreme pH and temperature, and present a broad range of working conditions. Based on this finding, a significant inhibitory effect on ADP-induced platelet aggregation was observed upon exposing the platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to the biomimetic UiO-66(Ce) films, prefiguring their wide application potentials in medicine and biotechnology.     

Yellow-to-transmissive electrochromic poly(dibenzothiophene/dibenzofuran-bithiophene)

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Electrochromic technologies require electrochromic π-conjugated polymers to reversibly transition between highly transmissive and broadly absorbing...     

负梯度浅海声场的平滑平均结构

本文求得负梯度浅海声场的过渡区及其分层特性;获得的场强结构函数没有经典W.K.B.方法的发散困难。     

ITER高温超导电流引线的高安全分流器研究

电流引线是室温电源电缆与低温磁体之间的电连接部件.高温超导材料在液氮温度下具有零电阻率和低热导率的特性,用它做成的电流引线可以大大减小低温系统的热负荷,从而减少制冷设备投资及系统运行费.高温超导电流引线可以分为阻性换热器段和高温超导段两部分(其中还包括各部件间的连接部分).高温超导段的分流器设计关系到冷端热负荷大小以及超导段失超后的安全问题.为了研究国际热核聚变试验堆(ITER)电流引线高安全性能,专门设计、试验了68kA引线的1/90实验样品.本文通过对比全CuBe(cu-2%Be)分流器、全不锈钢分流器和二元分流器的失冷故障(LOFA)实验结果,证明二元分流器能够克服安全性和冷端漏热矛盾,可以满足ITER高安全性的要求.     

光纤激光共孔径光谱合成实现5 kW高效优质输出

采用多层介质膜衍射光栅实现多路高功率光纤激光共孔径光谱合成有望成为光纤激光同时实现高功率、高效率和高光束质量的最具发展潜力的技术途径。搭建了一套基于双光栅色散补偿设计的5 kW共孔径光谱合成系统。采用国产多层介质膜衍射光栅实现了5路kW级窄谱子束激光的高效优质共孔径光谱合成,最大输出功率达5.07 kW,光束质量因子(M2)小于3,合成效率达到91.2%。初步研究表明：多层介质膜衍射光栅在较高功率水平、较宽光谱范围内均能保持较高衍射效率,是实现高功率光纤激光高效率光谱合成的重要器件;参与合成的子束自身的光束质量水平和线宽是影响合成输出光束质量的重要因素,光谱合成系统的输出功率主要受限于窄谱子束的输出功率和合成路数,增加窄谱子束的功率或合成路数均可进一步提升系统的输出功率。     

临近空间相干激光通信链路外差效率分析

临近空间相干激光通信链路是天地一体化高速通信网络节点间连接的重要链路。围绕外差效率这一表征大气湍流扰动后信号光和本振光相干合成的指标,推导了非均匀湍流路径上的外差效率理论表达式,并结合大气折射率结构常数廓线,开展了临近空间-地面、临近空间-临近空间和临近空间-低轨卫星三类临近空间相干激光通信链路的外差效率仿真。仿真结果表明：临近空间-低轨卫星链路可以忽略大气对外差效率的影响;如果临近空间-临近空间链路距离大于500 km或是临近空间-地面链路天顶角大于60,外差效率将小于50%,有必要采用自适应光学技术进行补偿。