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121.
122.
Natural convections in conjugated single and double enclosures 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
The natural convection in single and double conjugated enclosures are numerically investigated. The single and double enclosures are formed by low conductance walls with finite thickness. The outside vertical surfaces of the conducting walls are of the third kind of boundary condition while the top and bottom outside surfaces are adiabatic. The problem studied is characterized by a dominant horizontal temperature gradient and the thermal boundary conditions at the cavity surfaces can not be specified in priori. Numerical results reveal the characteristics in such kind of enclosures and show the importance of the thermal boundary conditions on the natural convection in enclosures. It is also found that the natural convections in the conjugated double enclosures are basically the same, with a major difference in their fluid temperature levels. 相似文献
123.
现代热力学的完整分类系统--非平衡非耗散热力学新领域 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在同一体系中同时有多个不可逆过程时,不可逆过程之间会有相互影响,原来的非自发过程有可能在其他自发过程的影响下得以进行,这种现象就称为热力学耦合或反应耦合,长期以来,经典热力学把热力学第二定律的等式作为平衡体系的充分必要条件,其中隐含了一个前提性的假定,即经典热力学的对象只限于非耦合的体系,摈弃这一隐含的前提性假定以后,热力学自身就发展成为一个现代热力学的完整学术体系,适用于任何宏观体系(包括极其复杂的生命体系),现代热力学的完整学术体系中包含了一个崭新的非平衡非耗散热力学新领域,由于该领域属于热力学第二定律的等式部分,因此可以定量计算,并得到一系列理论计算的非平衡相图,与文献上报道的激尖低压金刚石合成等的大量实验数据相符。 相似文献
124.
Zhang Tao 《中国科学G辑(英文版)》2007,50(5):591-600
The roles of the magnetic field and electric field of the light are investigated when the light is refracted in the medium.
The model of the electron cloud conductor is presented. Electron cloud in a molecule is treated as a conductor and the Faraday’s
Law is applied to this conductor that is in the alternating magnetic field of the light. dB
M/dt of the light gives rise to an alternating induced current on the electron cloud conductor, and the light exchanges energy,
i.e. the refractive energy, with the electron cloud conductor. Formulas of refractive index, which is the ratio of light speed
in vacuum to that in the medium, are derived with this model. These formulas are tested with several mediums and Langevin’s
diamagnetic susceptibility of helium gas, and the results are in good agreement with the measured data. The anisotropy and
the nonlinearity of the refractive index are explained with the theory described in this work.
Supported by Beijing Science and Technology New Star Program (Grant No. 952870400), the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education
and the Excellent Young Teachers Program of Ministry of Education of China 相似文献
125.
对于多属性群决策问题的处理,有时需要采用先决策、后综合的处理方法,而含有语言评价信息的多属性群决策问题,定性目标一般用语言评价信息描述,由决策人给出定性目标和权系数的语言变量评价,用梯形模糊数表示,对定量目标进行无量纲化处理;将决策人对于单一目标的评价指标聚合成多个目标的评价模糊数,采用Bass-Kw akernaak模糊数排序方法对方案进行排序;群体的评价通过Borda函数来集结方案集的群体排序. 相似文献
126.
An effcient multiparty quantum secret sharing scheme is proposed with Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states following some ideas in quantum dense coding. The agents take the single-photon measurements on the photons received for eavesdropping check and exploit the four local unitary operations Ⅰ, σx, σx and iσy to code their message. This scheme has the advantage of high capacity as each GHZ state can carry two bits of information. The parties do not need to announce the measuring bases for almost all the photons, which will reduce the classical information exchanged largely. The intrinsic efficiency for qubits and the total effciency both approach the maximal values. 相似文献
127.
128.
Xin Tao YE Chong LI 《数学学报(英文版)》2007,23(1):65-76
The BCQ and the Abadie CQ for infinite systems of convex inequalities in Banach spaces are characterized in terms of the upper semi-continuity of the convex cones generated by the subdifferentials of active convex functions. Some relationships with other constraint qualifications such as the CPLV and the Slate condition are also studied. Applications in best approximation theory are provided. 相似文献
129.
聚变等离子体中的快离子压强 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
本文运用Fokker-Planck方程的慢化近似,考虑存在多种离子成份(包括杂质),假定它们具有共同的温度,我们得到了聚变产生的快离子压强的简单封闭形式表示式。表明在典型的工作温度下(~60keV),D-~3He等离子体中聚变产生的快离子压强约为本底热压强的20%,这与D-T等离子体工作在20keV时的比值几乎相同。因此,D-~3He和D-T在它们相应的预期工作温度下,它们各自的快离子压强对总压强的影响是类似的,然而在更高的温度下,这个比值将变得更大。 相似文献
130.
Crystal-Orientation Dependent Evolution of Edge Dislocations from a Void in Single Crystal Cu
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The micro-void growth by dislocation emission under tensile loading is explored with focus on the influence of crystal orientations. Based on the elastic theory, a dislocation emission criterion is formulated. It is predicted that the preferential location of dislocation nucleation and its threshold stress are dependent on the crystal orientation. Large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are also performed for single crystal copper to illustrate the dislocation evolution pattern associated with a nano-void growth. The results are in line with those given by the theoretical prediction. As revealed by MD simulations, the characteristics of void growth at micro-scale depend greatly on the crystal-orientation. 相似文献