全文获取类型
收费全文 | 239313篇 |
免费 | 1989篇 |
国内免费 | 683篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 102716篇 |
晶体学 | 3347篇 |
力学 | 9309篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
数学 | 22561篇 |
物理学 | 69178篇 |
无线电 | 34869篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 1854篇 |
2020年 | 2022篇 |
2019年 | 2285篇 |
2018年 | 3008篇 |
2017年 | 2878篇 |
2016年 | 4184篇 |
2015年 | 2447篇 |
2014年 | 4003篇 |
2013年 | 9756篇 |
2012年 | 7717篇 |
2011年 | 9236篇 |
2010年 | 6638篇 |
2009年 | 6857篇 |
2008年 | 9162篇 |
2007年 | 9623篇 |
2006年 | 9312篇 |
2005年 | 8460篇 |
2004年 | 7852篇 |
2003年 | 7066篇 |
2002年 | 6748篇 |
2001年 | 7721篇 |
2000年 | 6239篇 |
1999年 | 4992篇 |
1998年 | 4178篇 |
1997年 | 4181篇 |
1996年 | 3855篇 |
1995年 | 3660篇 |
1994年 | 3501篇 |
1993年 | 3340篇 |
1992年 | 3703篇 |
1991年 | 3604篇 |
1990年 | 3490篇 |
1989年 | 3216篇 |
1988年 | 3143篇 |
1987年 | 2856篇 |
1986年 | 2640篇 |
1985年 | 3351篇 |
1984年 | 3579篇 |
1983年 | 2951篇 |
1982年 | 3112篇 |
1981年 | 3063篇 |
1980年 | 2920篇 |
1979年 | 2972篇 |
1978年 | 3051篇 |
1977年 | 3058篇 |
1976年 | 3082篇 |
1975年 | 2890篇 |
1974年 | 2861篇 |
1973年 | 3023篇 |
1972年 | 1945篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
121.
Summary High-purity indium was analysed by spark source mass spectrometry, using electrical and photoplate detection. For the calibration of the differences in elemental sensitivity, a standard sample was prepared in which 10 impurities were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. In this way accuracies of less than 40% were obtained for relatively homogeneous elements at ppm and sub-ppm level. About 40 elements could be determined with detection limits of 10 to 30 ppb. Two pattern recognition methods, principal component analysis and clustering analysis, were applied to obtain information on trace element distribution, which indicated that a number of elements were strongly spatially correlated in the analysed sample.
On leave from: Department of Chemistry, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China 相似文献
Chemische Analyse und Verteilungsbestimmung von Spurenelementen in Indium-Matrix durch Funkenquellen-Massenspektrometrie
On leave from: Department of Chemistry, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China 相似文献
122.
Boesch Ronald D. Magin Richard L. Franke Stevenb J. 《IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering》1987,(11):904-907
This paper describes a design for an analog phase shifter operating at 915 MHz and suitable for use in a phased array microwave hyperthermia system. Here, the major operating constraint was minimization of amplitude variation over a 1800 phase shift, whereas previous phase shifters were designed to obtain a linear relationship between phase and control voltage. The result is a simple, inexpensive hybrid coupler phase shifter that operates over a narrow bandwidth and provides 180°of continuous phase shift with input powers up to 1 W. 相似文献
123.
We study the nonlinear propagation of light in optical fibers in the strong nonlinearity limit. In this limit, the transverse guiding properties are altered and cannot be decoupled from the longitudinal part of the wave equation. We consider a refractive index profile with no bound modes at low intensities and show that stable self-guiding occurs at a critical intensity. This critical intensity is a property of the guide and can be made much lower than the threshold for unstable self-focusing. We consider a particular design for which self-guiding occurs at three orders of magnitude lower than the self-focusing threshold. 相似文献
124.
Blair J.D. Correale A. Jr. Cranford H.C. Dombrowski D.A. Erdelyi C.K. Hoffman C.R. Lamphere J.L. Lang K.W. Lee J.K. Mullen J.M. Norman V.R. Oakland S.F. 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》1989,24(6):1647-1655
The authors describe a 9.02×9.02-mm chip built in 1-μm CMOS with two levels of metal and an additional mask level for fabricating capacitors. It contains both analog and digital circuits and has provisions for self-test. The function includes the transmitter, receiver, protocol handler, an microprocessor, as well as interfaces for RAM/ROM storage, IBM PC bus, IBM PS/2 bus, IBM 3174 bus, and Motorola 68000 bus. The physical design terrains are formed by 24K circuits of standard cell gates, a 10K-circuit equivalent hand-honed custom microprocessor, and an analog macro. The chip operates from a single 5-V supply, and the power consumption is 0.8 W nominal at 16 Mb/s. The chip can also be operated at 4 Mb/s 相似文献
125.
Scattering from bandlimited fractal fibers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The scattering of electromagnetic or optical waves from tenuous dielectric fibers characterized by bandlimited fractal surfaces is considered. The role of several fractal dimensions is noted, and one suitable for this problem is identified. It is found that in the fractal regime, the Rayleigh-Gans differential scattering cross section as a function of the normalized size parameter exhibits a power-law relation reminiscent of that associated with light scattering from fractal clusters and small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering by porous material. This power-law relation is monotonically related to an appropriate fractal dimension and variance of the fiber surface 相似文献
126.
A. A. Nechitaĭlov T. K. Zvonareva A. D. Remenyuk V. A. Tolmachev D. N. Goryachev O. S. El’tsina L. V. Belyakov O. M. Sreseli 《Semiconductors》2008,42(10):1249-1254
Catalytic properties of composite amorphous carbon-platinum layers produced by magnetron cosputtering have been studied. The layers were characterized by electron microscopy, IR spectroscopy, ellipsometry, gravimetry, and spectrophotometric chemical analysis. The catalytic activity of the layers was studied in an air-hydrogen fuel cell by measuring its load and power characteristics. 相似文献
127.
With the aim to reduce disorder and improve efficiency, nodes in an ad hoc network run a self-organization scheme to cooperatively organize the network. Although metrics such as complexity or self-stability are commonly used for evaluation, to the best of our knowledge, none of them quantifies the efficiency to build and maintain an organization (order). We henceforth apply the notion of entropy to ad hoc type wireless networks facilitating a quantification of the internal organizational state generated by different self-organization schemes. Invoking node and link failure probabilities, we expose the dependency of the organizational state on the self-organization protocol of choice. 相似文献
128.
Koch B. Hidayat A. Hongbin Zhang Mirvoda V. Lichtinger M. Sandel D. Noe R. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2008,20(12):961-963
We demonstrate endless polarization stabilization with a control speed of up to 9 krad/s, over random Poincare sphere trajectories. These are in total >35 Mrad long, are composed in particular of difficult-to-track circles with all radii and orientations, and thereby include all possible worst cases. The maximum polarization mismatch and relative intensity errors are 0.13 rad and 0.43%, respectively. The controller runs on a field-programmable gate array and uses a commercial multistage LiNbO3 polarization transformer as the control device. 相似文献
129.
Grobnic D. Mihailov S.J. Smelser C.W. Ramos R.T. 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》2008,20(12):973-975
Strong fiber Bragg gratings were written through the standard polymer coatings of "off-the-shelf" high numerical aperture single-mode optical fibers after a few seconds exposure with femtosecond pulse durations of infrared radiation through a phase mask. While writing through the acrylate coating, we obtained index modulations of up to 1.4 x 10-3 and 7 x 10-4 with and without H2 -loading, respectively. 相似文献
130.
Russomanno D.J. de Jongh Curry A.L. Atanasova G.S. Hunt L.C. Goodwin J.C. 《IEEE transactions on information technology in biomedicine》2008,12(1):76-86
DefibViz is a software application developed for defibrillation simulation and visualization. It exploits both surface techniques and methods for the interactive exploration of volumetric datasets for the analysis of transthoracic defibrillation simulation results. DefibViz has a graphical user interface for the specification of the shape, size, position, and applied voltage of a defibrillator's electrodes. An option is provided for using 3D slice plane widgets, which operate on the volumetric datasets, such that the distribution of the voltage gradient induced by an electric shock can be visually inspected in various tissues throughout the myocardium and torso. One goal of DefibViz is to enhance understanding of how electrode parameters relate to the change of the voltage gradient distribution throughout the heart, which may help lead to optimal defibrillator design. DefibViz is significant, in that, it is built by using an open-source graphics and visualization framework providing a platform for subsequent modifiability and extensibility. Moreover, it integrates simulation and visualization techniques, which previously required the running of several independent software executables, into an enhanced, seamless, and comprehensive software application. 相似文献