Electrochemical Immunoassay for Tumor Marker CA19-9 Detection Based on Self-Assembled Monolayer

A CA19-9 electrochemical immunosensor was constructed using a hybrid self-assembled membrane modified with a gold electrode and applied to detect real samples. Hybrid self-assembled membranes were selected for electrode modification and used to detect antigens. First, the pretreated working electrodes were placed in a 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)/β-mercaptoethanol (ME) mixture for 24 h for self-assembly. The electrodes were then placed in an EDC/NHS mixture for 1 h. Layer modification was performed by stepwise dropwise addition of CA19-9 antibody, BSA, and antigen. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to characterize this immunosensor preparation process. The assembled electrochemical immunosensor enables linear detection in the concentration range of 0.05–500 U/mL of CA19-9, and the detection limit was calculated as 0.01 U/mL. The results of the specificity measurement test showed that the signal change of the interfering substance was much lower than the response value of the detected antigen, indicating that the sensor has good specificity and strong anti-interference ability. The repeatability test results showed that the relative standard deviations were less than 5%, showing good accuracy and precision. The CA19-9 electrochemical immunosensor was used for the actual sample detection, and the experimental results of the standard serum addition method showed that the RSD values of the test concentrations were all less than 10%. The recoveries were 102.4–115.0%, indicating that the assay has high precision, good accuracy, and high potential application value.     

First Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Compounds Formed by Ge-V-O Clusters and Transition Metal Complexes of Aromatic Organic Ligands

Three compounds based on Ge-V-O clusters were hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, UV-Vis, XRD, ESR, elemental analysis and X-ray crystal structural analysis. Both [Cd(phen)(en)]₂[Cd₂(phen)₂V₁₂O₄₀Ge₈(OH)₈(H₂O)]∙12.5H₂O (1) and [Cd(DETA)]₂[Cd(DETA)₂]_0.5[Cd₂(phen)₂V₁₂O₄₁Ge₈(OH)₇(0.5H₂O)]∙7.5H₂O (2) (1,10-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, en = ethylenediamine, DETA = diethylenetriamine) are the first Ge-V-O cluster compounds containing aromatic organic ligands. Compound 1 is the first dimer of Ge-V-O clusters, which is linked by a double bridge of two [Cd(phen)(en)]²⁺. Compound 2 exhibits an unprecedented 1-D chain structure formed by Ge-V-O clusters and [Cd₂(DETA)₂]⁴⁺ transition metal complexes (TMCs). [Cd(en)₃]{[Cd(η₂-en)₂]₃[Cd(η₂-en)(η₂-μ₂-en)(η₂-en)Cd][Ge₆V₁₅O₄₈(H₂O)]}∙5.5H₂O (3) is a novel 3-D structure which is constructed from [Ge₆V₁₅O₄₈(H₂O)]¹²⁻ and four different types of TMCs. We also synthesized [Zn₂(enMe)₃][Zn(enMe)]₂[Zn(enMe)₂(H₂O)]₂[Ge₆V₁₅O₄₈(H₂O)]∙3H₂O (4) and [Cd(en)₂]₂{H₈[Cd(en)]₂Ge₈V₁₂O₄₈(H₂O)}∙6H₂O (5) (enMe = 1,2-propanediamine), which have been reported previously. In addition, the catalytic properties of these five compounds for styrene epoxidation have been assessed.     

The Influence of Tyrosol-Enriched Rhodiola sachalinensis Extracts Bioconverted by the Mycelium of Bovista plumbe on Scopolamine-Induced Cognitive,Behavioral, and Physiological Responses in Mice

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive deficits, which are accompanied by memory loss and cognitive disruption. Rhodiola sachalinensis (RSE) is a medicinal plant that has been used in northeastern Asia for various pharmacological activities. We attempted to carry out the bioconversion of RSE (Bio-RSE) using the mycelium of Bovista plumbe to obtain tyrosol-enriched Bio-RSE. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of Bio-RSE on the activation of the cholinergic system and the inhibition of oxidative stress in mice with scopolamine (Sco)-induced memory impairment. Sco (1 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) impaired the mice’s performance on the Y-maze test, passive avoidance test, and water maze test. However, the number of abnormal behaviors was reduced in the groups supplemented with Bio-RSE. Bio-RSE treatment improved working memory and avoidance times against electronic shock, increased step-through latency, and reduced the time to reach the escape zone in the water maze test. Bio-RSE dramatically improved the cholinergic system by decreasing acetylcholinesterase activity and regulated oxidative stress by increasing antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT)). The reduction in nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling in the brain tissue due to scopolamine was restored by the administration of Bio-RSE. Bio-RSE also significantly decreased amyloid-beta 1–42 (Aβ1–42) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) expression. Moreover, the increased malondialdehyde (MDA) level and low total antioxidant capacity in Sco-treated mouse brains were reversed by Bio-RSE, and an increase in Nrf2 and HO-1 was also observed. In conclusion, Bio-RSE protected against Sco-induced cognitive impairment by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling and may be developed as a potential beneficial material for AD.     

一种新型的热稳腔

一种新型的热稳腔,由半导体激光泵浦源、全反射镜、固体激光介质、x向位置可移动的补偿透镜、输出镜及x向移动控制装置组成.在激光谐振腔内放置一x向位置可根据激光输出功率的变化而移动的补偿透镜,从而在大功率激光输出时消除腔内的热透镜效应,形成一热稳定腔.该热稳定腔可应用于大功率半导体泵浦固体激光器,有效消除腔内的热透镜效应,在激光大功率输出时保证激光器性能稳定可靠.     

电化学电容器充放电循环的微机测试系统

为了更好地评价电化学电容器的充放电循环寿命性能,采用恒定负载法进行充放电试验。测试系统硬件由微机和数据采集卡以及取样控制电路组成,应用软件的开发工具采用VB6.0,在Windows 2000操作系统下运行。系统除了能自动完成电容器充放电循环寿命试验外,还具有实时显示电容器充放电电流变化曲线,并将每个充放电循环周期的电流数据以文件的形式自动保存下来等功能。     

离子注入和脉冲激光退火制备碲超饱和掺杂单晶硅pn结

Pn junctions based on single crystalline tellurium supersaturated silicon were formed by ion implantation followed by pulsed laser melting（PLM）.P type silicon wafers were implanted with 245 keV ¹²⁶Te⁺ to a dose of 2×10¹⁵ ions/cm²,after a PLM process（248 nm,laser fluence of 0.30 and 0.35 J/cm²,1-5 pulses,duration 30 ns）,an n⁺ type single crystalline tellurium supersaturated silicon layer with high carrier density(highest concentration 4.10×10¹⁹ cm^-3,three orders of magnitude larger than the solid solution limit) was formed,it shows high broadband optical absorption from 400 to 2500 nm.Current-voltage measurements were performed on these diodes under dark and one standard sun（AM 1.5）,and good rectification characteristics were observed.For present results,the samples with 4-5 pulses PLM are best.     

陕西煤炭业的产业关联效应分析

本文基于陕西省2002年和2007年投入产出表,运用投入产出相关理论及经济分析方法对陕西煤炭业的直接消耗系数、完全消耗系数、直接分配系数及完全分配系数进行了定量分析;探讨了陕西煤炭业与其上下游产业部门之间的关联程度。研究结论为应加大陕西煤炭业的开发,以促进其上下游产业的发展;同时,加强煤炭业的深加工技术,以减少对环境的压力。     

An electrically conductive metallocycle: densely packed molecular hexagons with π-stacked radicals

Electrical conduction among metallocycles has been unexplored because of the difficulty in creating electronic transport pathways. In this work, we present an electrocrystallization strategy for synthesizing an intrinsically electron-conductive metallocycle, [Ni₆(NDI-Hpz)₆(dma)₁₂(NO₃)₆]·5DMA·nH₂O (PMC-hexagon) (NDI-Hpz = N,N′-di(1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxdiimide). The hexagonal metallocycle units are assembled into a densely packed ABCABC… sequence (like the fcc geometry) to construct one-dimensional (1D) helical π-stacked columns and 1D pore channels, which were maintained under the liberation of H₂O molecules. The NDI cores were partially reduced to form radicals as charge carriers, resulting in a room-temperature conductivity of (1.2–2.1) × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ (pressed pellet), which is superior to that of most NDI-based conductors including metal–organic frameworks and organic crystals. These findings open up the use of metallocycles as building blocks for fabricating conductive porous molecular materials.

Intrinsically electron-conductive metallocycle was synthesized. π-Radicals play a key role in constructing π-stacked columns among molecular hexagons and achieving high electrical conductivity over 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹ in polycrystalline pellet.     

连续泵浦与脉冲泵浦掺铒光纤光放大特性分析

本文用半经典理论方法和速率方程方法分析了连续泵浦与脉冲泵浦工作条件下掺铒光纤放大器的工作原理及工作特性,导出了光纤最佳长度与泵浦功率、掺杂浓度的关系以及增益与光纤长度、泵浦功率的关系。分析了用连续泵浦光和脉冲泵浦光两种情况下的阈值关系,指出了泵浦光的最佳频率选择。     

Rapid Detection of Five Estrogens Added Illegally to Dietary Supplements by Combining TLC with Raman Imaging Microscope

Estrogens added illegally to dietary supplements are hazardous to human health. Traditional detection and analysis methods have many limitations, and we have developed an assay that combines thin-layer chromatography with Raman imaging microscopy (TLC-RIM). The five estrogens (estrone, estradiol, estriol, ethinyl estradiol, and diethylstilbestrol) were initially separated by TLC, then detected by area scanning Raman imaging with a 532 nm laser under a microscope. Raman spectra were obtained for each estrogen, which were used for detecting estrogen illegally added to botanical dietary supplements. The LOD of each estrogen was 0.4, 1.0, 0.8, 0.2, and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. The matrix in the real sample did not interfere with the detection of estrogens. The method was fast, sensitive, stable, specific, and reliable.