油井套管结构的最小成本设计

油井套管的最小成本设计是工程中关心的问题,本文提出了Fibonacci搜索法与相对差商法相结合的套管截面尺寸参数和扶正器布局问题的混合整数-离散变量优化方法,解决了多工况、多约束下套管结构的优化问题,已应用于工程实际。     

环氧树脂表面金属离子注入改性层的摩擦学性能研究

以 3种剂量 (2× 10 1 5 ions/cm2 、1× 10 1 6 ions/cm2 及 1× 10 1 7ions/cm2 )分别对环氧树脂进行 Al、Ti和 Fe离子注入处理 ,采用 MM- 2 0 0型摩擦磨损试验机考察了注入改性层的摩擦学性能 ,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪分析离子注入前后环氧树脂表面基团及其键合方式 .结果表明 :3种金属离子注入处理后环氧树脂的耐磨性均显著提高 ,摩擦系数降低 ;其中 Al离子注入处理的摩擦学改性效果最好 ;对应于环氧树脂最小磨损体积损失的不同金属离子的注入剂量亦不同 .红外光谱分析结果表明 :经 Al离子注入后 ,环氧树脂表面保持微量的吸附水 ;同时其表面发生了脱氢及氧化等作用 ,形成了新的化学基团 ,且其立体网状交联程度提高 ,这使得离子注入处理后环氧树脂的减摩耐磨性能得以明显改善 .     

长杆弹撞击装甲陶瓷界面击溃/侵彻转变速度理论模型

为预测长杆弹撞击装甲陶瓷界面击溃/侵彻转变过程,采用Hertz接触理论确定靶体内部应力,将其分别应用于陶瓷锥裂纹与翼型裂纹扩展理论。通过比较两种裂纹扩展模型计算得到的界面击溃/侵彻转变速度,提出准确预测界面击溃/侵彻转变速度的理论模型。结果表明：将两种裂纹扩展理论相结合的理论模型可以合理地解释界面击溃/侵彻转变过程,转变速度计算结果与已有实验结果吻合较好。弹体半径较小时,锥裂纹扩展控制界面击溃/侵彻转变过程;弹体半径较大时,翼型裂纹扩展控制界面击溃/侵彻转变过程。

     

气动加载与振动激励耦合试验方法研究

飞机结构在飞行过程中同时承受气动载荷和振动载荷的联合作用,这两种载荷的耦合加载试验对于飞机结构成为一项重要的研究内容,所以有必要对此类试验的可行性及其耦合加载方式进行研究。此次试验以气囊加载静载/常规疲劳载荷状态下试件的振动响应测试为目的,设计符合试验要求的试件和整套试验装置。得到了气囊5种不同加载情况下试件振动响应变化情况,并对此试验结果进行了理论分析,得出以下结论:a)气囊模拟静载/常规疲劳载荷加载不会大幅改变结构本身振动特性,此耦合试验方法所模拟环境比较接近飞机结构真实载荷环境;b)加载气囊的个数、部位及加载力的不同对试件结构的振动响应有一定影响,应增加气囊蓄能器或在试验前进行分析以选择合理的加载点。     

Improved coupled-mode theory for reciprocal anisotropic waveguides

An improved coupled-mode theory for a reciprocal anisotropic multiwaveguide system is derived. The general reciprocal anisotropic medium is described by a symmetric permittivity tensor that can have nonzero off-diagonal elements. The derivation is based on the generalized reciprocity relation. The coupled-mode equations are applicable to both lossy (gain) and lossless systems. For the special case of lossless systems, it is shown that the matrices in the coupled-mode equation are Hermitian, so that energy conservation is observed exactly. For the special case of a single anisotropic waveguide, the results also reduce to the previously derived solutions by D. Marcuse (1975). The improved coupled-mode theory in an anisotropic multiwaveguide system is illustrated with numerical examples     

微机控制蓄电池监测系统¹

本文介绍了微机控制分布式蓄电池监测系统的设计。它用在对工业蓄电池的电压和环境温度进行实时监测，在PIC16C73A控制下，把测量结果通过RS－485通讯口传送给主机，然后由主机判断电池电压，温度等参数是否正常，以防止因电池故障而导致的系统瘫痪。     

Energy transfer up-conversion and excited state absorption of laserradiation in Nd:YLF laser crystals

Experiments at room temperature were carried out to study the higher order processes that produced the yellow and blue fluorescence observed in Nd:YLF laser crystals, which were pumped by lasers with wavelengths between 785 nm and 811 nm, and with the pump power density ranging from 10 to 30 kW/cm², or the stored energy density, 15-45 J/cm³. The analysis of the experimental results provided an explanation for the performance degradation of a Q-switched laser with increasing pump intensity. These higher order processes were energy transfer up-conversion and excited state absorption of both pump and laser radiation. A model was also developed based upon rate equations to describe these higher order processes. This model allowed us to discriminate between these processes and to determine which one played the most important role. The experimental results agreed well with the predictions of the model. It is concluded that the energy transfer up-conversion process is the dominant mechanism for the population of the ⁴G_7/2 multiplet. It is also concluded that excited state absorption of the 1.05 μm or 1.3 μm radiation from the ⁴G_7/2 multiplet play a significant role in populating the ²P_3/2, ² D(1)_5/2, and ²P_½ manifolds, and in the performance of Nd:YLF lasers operating in the pulsed mode. The effect of excited state absorption of the pump radiation from the ⁴F_½ multiplet is much less important     

A theoretical model of the formation morphologies of porous silicon

In this paper a qualitative theoretical model describing the mechanism and formation morphology of porous silicon is presented. The model is based on the diffusion limited aggregation models of Witten and Sanders. The validity of this model is verified by performing small scale computer simulations to construct various porous silicon structures. These structures are compared with the known properties of bulk silicon and morphologies of porous silicon. The postulates of the model are sufficiently rich to explain the relationship between pore density, pore diameter, porosity as well as crystallographic etch selectivity and electropolishing.     

Diffusion flame analysis of twin plane jets via a kinetic theory approach

Diffusion flame solutions of twin plane jets based on a turbulent kinetic theory due to Chung and a Green function method by Hong are presented. The chemical reaction between fuel and oxidizer is assumed to be one-step, one-direction and infinitely fast. The solutions are obtained by direct integration over a constructed probability density function in velocity space. The probability density functions of reactants in transverse velocity space, species mass fraction distributions, turbulent transport of momentum and heat, temperature distributions and flame structure are also considered in this paper. The diffusion flame phenomena of the twin plane jets show that the interaction between the two jets is a dominant factor.     

A digitally self-calibrating 14-bit 10-MHz CMOS pipelined A/Dconverter

A digitally self-calibrating pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) featuring 1.5-bit/stage structure is presented. The integral (INL) and differential nonlinearity (DNL) errors are removed using a novel digital calibration algorithm, which also eliminates missing codes that can occur with other calibration algorithms near the extremes of the input range. After calibration, the measured DNL is ±0.6 LSB and the INL is ±2.5 LSB at the 14-bit level. Sampling at a 10-MHz rate, the chip dissipates 220 mW and (post-calibration) yields a signal-to-noise ratio of 77 dB and a spurious-free dynamic range of 95 dB with 4.8-MHz sine wave input signal. The chip is fabricated in 0.5-μm CMOS double-poly double-metal process, measures 3.8 mm × 3.3 mm (150 mil × 130 mil), and operates from a single 5-V supply