并行“冒泡”排序算法的改进

并行“冒泡”排序算法的改进黄干平（武汉大学计算机科学系,武汉,４３００７２）关键词排序,并行算法,冒泡中国法分类号ｗ３０１．６ＰＢＳＭ并行排序算法是对ＫａｚｕｈｉｒｓＳａｄｏ和ＹｏｓｈｉｈｉｄｅＩｇａｒａｓｈ的并行“冒泡’书ｒ序算法’“的改进,其并行...     

The effects of media properties on the horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed fluorogenic reaction

The effects of media properties including buffers, acidity, solvents and surfactant on horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed fluorogenic reaction were investigated. The results showed that the so-called non-fluorescent hydrogen donors were in fact fluorescent. There existed an acid—base equilibrium in the fluorescent dimer product. For p -hydroxyphenylpropionic acid, a pK_a value of 8.0 for the product was obtained from its titration curve. The product fluorescence increased with higher pH, however, a longer time was needed to reach the reaction equilibrium due to the pH mismatch problem. Cationic micelles cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium chloride could reduce the pH mismatch and offered a way to further increase the determination sensitivity. Finally, a micelle-enhanced flow-injection analysis of horseradish peroxidase is suggested.     

Promote Intratumoral Drug Release and Penetration to Counteract Docetaxel-Induced Metastasis by Photosensitizer-Modified Red Blood Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticle

The red blood cell membrane (RBCm) provides tight protection, lowers the immunogenicity, and prolongs the circulation time of drugs in vivo when acting as the coating of drug delivery systems. However, the cellular uptake and release of drugs are hindered by RBCm. Docetaxel (DTX) is the first-line medicine for treating triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), but it induces tumor metastasis. To solve these dilemmas, in this study, the photosensitizer 1,1-dioctadecyl-3,3,3,3-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR)-modified RBCm (DM) is prepared, which is coated onto a hybrid micelle consisting of the prodrugs of DTX and the anti-metastasis agent calcitriol (CTL), obtaining a nanoparticle, named HDC-DM. In a 4T1 tumor-bearing mouse model, after injecting HDC-DM, the intratumoral DTX and CTL concentrations are increased by 1.7 and 2.5 times compared with the free drug groups. After irradiating tumors with near-infrared laser, DiR elicits the photothermal effect, triggering the rupture of RBCm and drug release, promoting drug penetration in tumors, and inducing immunogenic cell death. The tumor growth inhibition rate is 77%, and the formation of lung metastases is reduced by 82%, with good biocompatibility. It is suggested that the combination of phototherapy, chemotherapy, and anti-metastatic therapy using HDC-DM is expected to be a powerful strategy for treating TNBC.     

Single-Atom Metal Sites Anchored Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Frameworks for Superior “Two-In-One” Photocatalytic Reaction

Photoredox catalysis is a green solution for organics transformation and CO₂ conversion into valuable fuels, meeting the challenges of sustainable energy and environmental concerns. However, the regulation of single-atomic active sites in organic framework not only influences the photoredox performance, but also limits the understanding of the relationship for photocatalytic selective organic conversion with CO₂ valorization into one reaction system. As a prototype, different single-atomic metal (M) sites (M²⁺ = Fe²⁺, Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Zn²⁺) in hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (M-HOF) backbone with bridging structure of metal-nitrogen are constructed by a typical “two-in-one” strategy for superior photocatalytic C N coupling reactions integrated with CO₂ valorization. Remarkably, Zn-HOF achieves 100% conversion of benzylamine oxidative coupling reactions, 91% selectivity of N-benzylidenebenzylamine and CO₂ conversion in one photoredox cycle. From X-ray absorption fine structure analysis and density functional theory calculations, the superior photocatalytic performance is attributed to synergic effect of atomically dispersed metal sites and HOF host, decreasing the reaction energy barriers, enhancing CO₂ adsorption and forming benzylcarbamic acid intermediate to promote the redox recycle. This work not only affords the rational design strategy of single-atom active sites in functional HOF, but also facilitates the fundamental insights upon the mechanism of versatile photoredox coupling reaction systems.     

Ultrahigh Energy Storage Capacitors Based on Freestanding Single-Crystalline Antiferroelectric Membrane/PVDF Composites

Inorganic/organic dielectric composites are very attractive for high energy density electrostatic capacitors. Usually, linear dielectric and ferroelectric materials are chosen as inorganic fillers to improve energy storage performance. Antiferroelectric (AFE) materials, especially single-crystalline AFE oxides, have relatively high efficiency and higher density than linear dielectrics or ferroelectrics. However, adding single-crystalline AFE oxides into polymers to construct composite with improved energy storage performance remains elusive. In this study, high-quality freestanding single-crystalline PbZrO₃ membranes are obtained by a water-soluble sacrificial layer method. They exhibit classic AFE behavior and then 2D–2D type PbZrO₃/PVDF composites with the different film thicknesses of PbZrO₃ (0.1-0.4 µm) is constructed. Their dielectric properties and polarization response improve significantly as compared to pure PVDF and are optimized in the PbZrO₃(0.3 µm)/PVDF composite. Consequently, a record-high energy density of 43.3 J cm⁻³ is achieved at a large breakdown strength of 750 MV m⁻¹. Phase-field simulation indicates that inserting PbZrO₃ membranes effectively reduces the breakdown path. Single-crystalline AFE oxide membranes will be useful fillers for composite-based high-power capacitors.     

Polyether-b-Amide Based Solid Electrolytes with Well-Adhered Interface and Fast Kinetics for Ultralow Temperature Solid-State Lithium Metal Batteries

Solid-state lithium metal batteries (SSLMBs) are highly desirable for energy storage because of the urgent need for higher energy density and safer batteries. However, it remains a critical challenge for stable cycling of SSLMBs at low temperature. Here, a highly viscoelastic polyether-b-amide (PEO-b-PA) based composite solid-state electrolyte is proposed through a one-pot melt processing without solvent to address this key process. By adjusting the molar ratio of PEO-b-PA to lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulphonyl)imide (ethylene oxide:Li = 6:1) and adding 20 wt.% succinonitrile, fast Li⁺ transport channel is conducted within the homogeneous polymer electrolyte, which enables its application at ultra-low temperature (−20 to 25 °C). The composite solid-state electrolyte utilizes dynamic hydrogen-bonding domains and ion-conducting domains to achieve a low interfacial charge transfer resistance (<600 Ω) at −20 °C and high ionic conductivity (25 °C, 3.7 × 10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹). As a result, the LiFePO₄|Li battery based on composite electrolyte exhibits outstanding electrochemical performance with 81.5% capacity retention after 1200 cycles at −20 °C and high discharge specific capacities of 141.1 mAh g⁻¹ with high loading (16.1 mg cm⁻²) at 25 °C. Moreover, the solid-state SNCM811|Li cell achieves excellent safety performance under nail penetration test, showing great promise for practical application.     

Optoelectronic Synapses and Photodetectors Based on Organic Semiconductor/Halide Perovskite Heterojunctions: Materials,Devices, and Applications

Both photodetectors (PDs) and optoelectronic synaptic devices (OSDs) are optoelectronic devices converting light signals into electrical responses. Optoelectronic devices based on organic semiconductors and halide perovskites have aroused tremendous research interest owing to their exceptional optical/electrical characteristics and low-cost processability. The heterojunction formed between organic semiconductors and halide perovskites can modify the exciton dissociation/recombination efficiency and modulate the charge-trapping effect. Consequently, organic semiconductor/halide perovskite heterojunctions can endow PDs and OSDs with high photo responsivity and the ability to simulate synaptic functions respectively, making them appropriate for the development of energy-efficient artificial visual systems with sensory and recognition functions. This article summarizes the recent advances in this research field. The physical/chemical properties and preparation methods of organic semiconductor/halide perovskite heterojunctions are briefly introduced. Then the development of PDs and OSDs based on organic semiconductor/halide perovskite heterojunctions, as well as their innovative applications, are systematically presented. Finally, some prospective challenges and probable strategies for the future development of optoelectronic devices based on organic semiconductor/halide perovskite heterojunctions are discussed.     

Hyperelastic,Robust, Fire-Safe Multifunctional MXene Aerogels with Unprecedented Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Efficiency

MXene aerogels have shown great potential for many important functional applications, in particular electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding. However, it has been a grand challenge to create mechanically hyperelastic, air-stable, and durable MXene aerogels for enabling effective EMI protection at low concentrations due to the difficulties in achieving tailorable porous structures, excellent mechanical elasticity, and desired antioxidation capabilities of MXene in air. Here, a facile strategy for fabricating MXene composite aerogels by co-assembling MXene and cellulose nanofibers during freeze-drying followed by surface encapsulation with fire-retardant thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is reported. Because of the maximum utilization of pore structures of MXene, and conductive loss enhanced by multiple internal reflections, as-prepared aerogel with 3.14 wt% of MXene exhibits an exceptionally high EMI shielding effectiveness of 93.5 dB, and an ultra-high MXene utilization efficiency of 2977.71 dB g g⁻¹, tripling the values in previous works. Owing to the presence of multiple hydrogen bonding and the TPU elastomer, the aerogel exhibits a hyperelastic feature with additional strength, excellent stability, superior durability, and high fire safety. This study provides a facile strategy for creating multifunctional aerogels with great potential for applications in EMI protection, wearable devices, thermal management, pressure sensing, and intelligent fire monitoring.     

Multi-objective routing algorithms for low-earth orbit satellite network

The low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite network, composed of a large number of satellite nodes, is a hot research topic at present. Due to the characteristics of the large-scale LEO satellite network, such as many satellite nodes, short orbit period, large dynamic change of topology, and unstable link-state, its communication quality of service (QoS) requirements are difficult to meet. Aiming at this problem, various factors that may affect data transmission are first analyzed. The network link selection problem is modeled as a multi-constraint optimization decision problem, a routing mathematical model based on linear programming (LP) is designed, and its solution is solved. Aiming at the problem of limited onboard computing resources, a multi-object optimization Dijkstra algorithm (MOODA) is designed. The MOODA finds the optimal path according to the comprehensive performance of the link. It solves the problems of poor comprehensive QoS performance and the low degree of load balancing of the paths found by the Dijkstra algorithm. The simulation results show that the paths found by the two algorithms have good QoS, robustness, and load balancing performance.