Monolithic distributed power management for systems-on-Chip (SoC)

With increasing drive towards higher level of integration, lower cost, and longer battery life in wireless applications, there is a need for efficient monolithicdc-dc power converters. This tutorial paper summarizes the topology tradeoffs that are involved in the implementation of monolithic distributed power management in the future generations of SoCs for portable wireless applications. These circuits have a broad range of requirements including high power density, high energy efficiency, low noise, small size, and low cost. The advantages and disadvantages of each of the competing topologies, namely low-dropout linear, switched-capacitor, and switched-modedc-dc converters are examined in light of these requirements.     

Analog image recognition arrays design by using co-fabricated MOSFET and MESFETs on a 0.25?μm SOS process

This paper presents an analog image recognition system with a novel MESFET device fabricated on a fully depleted (FD) CMOS process. An analog image recognition system with a power consumption of 2.4?mW/cell and a settling time of 6.5???s was designed, fabricated and characterized. A CNN is employed to realize a core cell of the proposed image recognition system. While a CNN benefits from its regular structure, it faces challenges due to its power consumption, speed, and size in their CMOS implementations. SOS MESFETs can deal with the challenges associated with CMOS-based CNNs. Advantages of SOS MESFETs associated with nonlinear signal processing include lower power consumption and higher operating speeds compared to similar geometry MOSFETs carrying the same current. SOS MESFET-based analog image recognition systems were fabricated and the transient response is characterized in both simulation using a TOM3 SPICE model extracted from SOS MESFETs and in experiment using image testing lab equipment. Settling times of 3.5 and 6.5???s for one-by-four and one-by-eight arrays, respectively, were achieved with line recognition template. The corresponding power consumption for the two arrays was 9.6 and 19.2?mW, respectively.     

模块化基带设计实现低成本可重用无线架构

过去的十年里,无线基站设计者们在努力降低成本、功耗和占板空间方面已经取得了巨大进展。对于这些设计者来说,3G基站开发的目的非常明确,以十分之一的成本实现十倍的带宽。处理基带算法所需的处理能力随着新的无线协议的出现正在不断增加。传统数字信号处理器(DSP)的速度无法实现基带处理,因此需要硬件加速来补充DSP。一个典型架构可能由一系列的数字信号处理器和基带卡上的硬件加速器模块构成,这里需要多通道处理。     

Design and analysis of a CMOS passive Σ∆ ADC for low power RF transceivers

Design and analysis of a Σ∆ modulator with a passive switched capacitor loop filter is presented. Design steps for optimum loop filter design for quantization noise suppression and thermal noise reduction is outlined. Design specifications for sampling clock phase noise, reference buffer and input buffer settling is analyzed. Presented design has a 2nd-order loop filter and uses only metal-metal capacitors and thin oxide digital transistors with no additional components occupying less than 0.1 mm² silicon area in 0.13 μm CMOS digital process. Measurement results show that the ADC achieves 80 dB peak SNR at a 100 kHz integration bandwidth with 1 pJ/sample conversion efficiency. With decimation filter power consumption of 0.22 mW at 104 MHz sampling rate, the ADC consumes only about 1 mA at 1.5 V for each channel.     

Influence of the Addition of Lauric Acid to Films Made from Gelatin,Triacetin and a Blend of Stearic and Palmitic Acids

Summary: The objective of this research was to verify the influence of adding increasing amounts of lauric acid on the functional properties of homogenized films made from gelatin, triacetin and a blend of palmitic and stearic acids. The films were characterised with respect to their visual aspect, water vapour permeability (WVP), water solubility, mechanical properties (tensile strength and percent elongation), oxygen permeability (O₂P), opacity (OP) and melting and glass transitions temperatures. The films produced were malleable and macroscopically homogeneous. The addition of 1% of lauric acid to the film of gelatin, triacetin and blend of palmitic and stearic acids (5.84 ± 0.31 gmm · m⁻² dkPa) caused a slight decrease in WVP. The additions of 2.5% (5.70 ± 0.76 gmm · m⁻² dkPa), 5% (5.38 ± 0.64 gmm · m⁻² dkPa) and 10% (4.50 ± 0.55 gmm · m⁻² dkPa) of lauric acid were sufficient to make a significant difference in the WVP at the higher levels used. As compared to the gelatin and triacetin film, the addition of lauric acid at all the concentrations studied resulted in a slight increase in the film solubility. The addition of hydrophobic substances to gelatin/triacetin films (15.26 ± 0.28 cm³ · µm · m⁻² dkPa) favoured an increase in O₂P permeability, this effect being greater in the films made from gelatin, triacetin, blend of palmitic and stearic acids and 10% lauric acid (24.48 ± 0.07 cm³ · µm · m⁻² dkPa). The increasing addition of lauric acid significantly reduced the tensile strength and increased elongation of the films composed of gelatin, triacetin and blend that being more evident at the concentrations of 5% (67.58 ± 1.23 MPa and 11.45 ± 0.57%) and 10% (63.50 ± 1.56 MPa and 12.90 ± 0.57%). The addition of 1% (OP, 27%) and 10% (OP, 28%) of lauric acid induced no visible effect on the opacity of the films. The thermogrammes showed three transitions for the gelatin/triacetin/stearic-palmitic blend/1% lauric acid films (−57.42 °C, 23.74 °C and 44.11 °C) and two for the gelatin/triacetin/stearic-palmitic acids blend/10% lauric acid films (−56.22 °C and 17.35 °C). As observed by DSC, the addition of fatty acids resulted in the appearance of more than one melting peak for all films in relation to the gelatin and triacetin film.