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41.
An experimental study was performed to understand the nucleate boiling heat transfer of water–CuO nanoparticles suspension (nanofluids) at different operating pressures and different nanoparticle mass concentrations. The experimental apparatus is a miniature flat heat pipe (MFHP) with micro-grooved heat transfer surface of its evaporator. The experimental results indicate that the operating pressure has great influence on the nucleate boiling characteristics in the MFHP evaporator. The heat transfer coefficient and the critical heat flux (CHF) of nanofluids increase greatly with decreasing pressure as compared with those of water. The heat transfer coefficient and the CHF of nanofluids can increase about 25% and 50%, respectively, at atmospheric pressure whereas about 100% and 150%, respectively, at the pressure of 7.4 kPa. Nanoparticle mass concentration also has significant influence on the boiling heat transfer and the CHF of nanofluids. The heat transfer coefficient and the CHF increase slowly with the increase of the nanoparticle mass concentration at low concentration conditions. However, when the nanoparticle mass concentration is over 1.0 wt%, the CHF enhancement is close to a constant number and the heat transfer coefficient deteriorates. There exists an optimum mass concentration for nanofluids which corresponds to the maximum heat transfer enhancement and this optimum mass concentration is 1.0 wt% at all test pressures. The experiment confirmed that the boiling heat transfer characteristics of the MFHP evaporator can evidently be strengthened by using water/CuO nanofluids. 相似文献
42.
Xiujie Li Weiping Zhang Shenglin Liu Xiuwen Han Longya Xu Xinhe Bao 《Journal of molecular catalysis. A, Chemical》2006,250(1-2):94-99
The interfacial interaction of Mo species with the HBeta zeolite was studied by multinuclear MAS NMR, XRD and N2 adsorption. As proved by the quantitative 27Al MAS NMR, this interaction is so strong as to dealuminate the framework of HBeta, and leads to a new peak appearing at −14 ppm, which indicates the formation of crystalline Al2(MoO4)3. This can also be detected by XRD measurements when the Mo loading is as high as 9.0 wt.%. The corresponding quantitative 29Si and 1H MAS NMR spectra show that the amount of silanols and Brønsted acidic sites decrease obviously with increasing Mo loading. This also reveals an interaction between Mo species and HBeta support through an oxygen bridge resulting from condensation with the hydroxyls on the support. At higher Mo loadings, the interaction is so strong that it results in an extraction of aluminum from the zeolite framework, and subsequently appearance of Al2(MoO4)3 and loss of Brønsted acidic sites. These can be correlated to the low catalytic activity of Mo/HBeta in metathesis of ethylene and 2-butylene to propylene. 相似文献
43.
STRONG LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS AND ASYMPTOTIC EQUIPARTITION PROPERTY FOR NONSYMMETRIC MARKOV CHAIN FIELDS ON CAYLEY TREES 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Some strong laws of large numbers for the frequcncies of occurrence of states and ordered couples of states for nonsymmetric Markov chain fields(NSMC)on Cayley trees are studied.In the proof,a new technique for the study of strong liinit theorems of Markov chains is extended to the case of Markov chain fields.The asymptotic equiparti- tion properties with almost everywhere(a.e.)convergence for NSMC on Cayley trees are obtained. 相似文献
44.
This paper is concerned with the existence of positive solutions of two-point Dirichlet singular and nonsingular boundary problems for second-order quasi-linear differential equations with changing sign nonlinearities. 相似文献
45.
Two novel dithienylethenes with ferrocene units were synthesized by Wittig reaction. The structure of 2a has been established by X‐ray diffraction studies. They could reversibly interconvert between two thermally stable forms, an open and a closed one, using light of different wavelengths as triggers. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
46.
Differentkindsofopenchaincrownethershavebeensynthesizedasthemodelcompoundsofionophoresandtheirinteractionswithsodium,potassiumandrareearthionshavealsobeenstudiedl'z.PanshowedCe(III)yieldedalf1complexwithl,8-bis(8'-quinolyloxy)-3,6-dioxaandtheCe(IIl)ioncoordinatedbothtoetheroxygenandquinolinenitrogenatoms3.TUmInleridentifiedtwolanthanidenitratecomplexeshavingastoichiometryof3:2(3RE:2L)'.InordertostUdythefunctionsofbothquinolineandbenzenering,introducedintothepolyetherchain,a1inearpolyether… 相似文献
47.
A three-body system of identical particles is considered in order to demonstrate that the quantum-mechanical symmetry plays
a decisive role in determining microscopic structures.
Received March 14, 1994; revised July 29, 1994; accepted for publication October 19, 1994 相似文献
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Eight compounds were isolated from Oxytropis myriophylla. On the basis of spectral analyses, their structures were elucidated to be (6R,9R)-roseoside (1), (6R,9S)-roseoside (2), adenosine (3), myriophylloside B (4), myriophylloside C (5), myriophylloside D (6), myriophylloside E (7), and myriophylloside F (8). Five flavonoids (4-8) were new compounds, and the three known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. 相似文献