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31.
Determination of total arsenic in seawater by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Carolina L.T. Correia Marlo S. Azevedo Reinaldo C. Campos 《Microchemical Journal》2010,96(1):157-3927
In this work, the determination of total As in seawater by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry was studied. The influence of the chemical, flow and instrumental parameters were investigated and optimized. The pre-reduction of As(V) to As(III) was performed using KI plus ascorbic acid in 3.5 mol L− 1 HCl medium. No multiplicative interference was present and external aqueous calibration could be used. The limit of detection was 36 ng L− 1, while the repeatability was 2% (n = 10), at a 500 ng L− 1 concentration level. The sample throughput was 15 h− 1 if triplicate measurements were made. The accuracy was assessed by the analysis of a seawater certified reference material and excellent agreement between the obtained and certified values was verified. The procedure was used for the analysis of seawater offshore samples collected at the Brazilian coast and results ranging from 860 to 1200 ng L− 1 were found. 相似文献
32.
By mixing concepts from both game theoretic analysis and real options theory, an investment decision in a competitive market can be seen as a “game” between firms, as firms implicitly take into account other firms’ reactions to their own investment actions. We review two decades of real option game models, suggesting which critical problems have been “solved” by considering game theory, and which significant problems have not been yet adequately addressed. We provide some insights on the plausible empirical applications, or shortfalls in applications to date, and suggest some promising avenues for future research. 相似文献
33.
P.A.J. Rosa I.F. FerreiraA.M. Azevedo M.R. Aires-Barros 《Journal of chromatography. A》2010,1217(16):2296-2305
The number of biotechnology-based pharmaceuticals in the late-stage pipeline has been increasing more than ever. As a result, there is an enhanced demand for more efficient and cost-effective processes. During the last years, the upstream technology for the production of biopharmaceuticals has been considerably improved. Continuous discoveries in molecular biology and genetics, combined with new advances in media and feed development, have significantly increased the production titres. In order to keep up this gain, it is now essential to design new, as well as to improve the existing downstream processes that remain an unresolved bottleneck. This review evaluates several alternatives to the currently established platforms for the downstream processing biopharmaceuticals, with main focus on aqueous two-phase extraction. 相似文献
34.
Cristiano Araujo Millena Gomes Edna Barros Sandro Rigo Rodolfo Azevedo Guido Araujo 《Design Automation for Embedded Systems》2005,10(4):253-283
This paper[3.5pc] presents the Platform Designer (PD) framework, a set of SystemC based tools that provide support for modeling,
simulation and analysis of multiprocessor SoC platforms (MPSoC), at different abstraction levels. PD provides mechanisms for
interconnection specification, process synchronization and communication, thus allowing the modeling of a complete platform,
in a unified environment. To do that it uses an extension of the ArchC ADL and acsys, a tool that enables the automatic generation
of a SystemC simulator of the platform. The main advantages of this approach are twofold. First, designers have more flexibility
since they can integrate and configure different processors to the platform, using a single environment. Second, it enables
a faster design space exploration, given that it automatically generates SystemC simulators of whole platforms at distinct
abstraction levels. A number of platform variations can be tried out with minor design changes, thus reducing design time.
Experimental results show the suitability of the platform simulator for design space exploration. Real applications (with
medium complexity) run in the platform in few minutes. Combined with the facility to generate platforms with minor changes,
this feature allows an improvement of the design space exploration. 相似文献
35.
36.
Di?go P. Bezerra Ronan S. Oliveira Rodrigo S. Vieira Célio L. Cavalcante Diana C. S. Azevedo 《Adsorption》2011,17(1):235-246
Adsorption may be a potentially attractive alternative to capturing CO2 from stationary sources in the context of Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) technologies. Activated carbon and zeolites
are state-of-art adsorbents which may be used for CO2 adsorption, however physisorption alone tends to be insignificant at high temperatures. In the present work, commercial adsorbents
have been impregnated with monoethanolamine (MEA) and triethanolamine (TEA) in order to investigate the effect of the modified
surface chemistry on CO2 adsorption, especially above room temperature. Adsorption isotherms for CO2, N2 and CH4 were measured in a gravimetrically system in the pressure range of UHV to 10 bar, at 298 and 348 K for activated carbon and
zeolite 13X supports. The adsorbed concentration of CO2 was significantly higher than those of CH4 and N2 for both adsorbents in the whole pressure range studied, zeolite 13X showing a remarkable affinity for CO2 at very low pressures. However, at 348 K, the adsorbed concentration of CO2 decreases significantly. The supports impregnated with concentrated amine solutions and dried in air suffered a detrimental
effect on the textural properties, although CO2 uptake became much less susceptible to temperature increase. Impregnations carried out with dilute solution followed by drying
in inert atmosphere yielded materials with very similar textural characteristics as compared to the parent support. CO2 isotherms in such materials showed a significant change with similar capacities at 348 K as compared to the original support
at 298 K in the case of activated carbons. The impregnated zeolite showed a decrease in adsorbed phase concentration in low
pressures for a given temperature, but the adsorbed amount also seemed to be less affected by temperature. These results are
promising and indicate that CO2 adsorption may be enhanced despite high process temperatures (e.g. 348 K), if convenient impregnation and drying methods
are applied. 相似文献
37.
Gomes AG Azevedo AM Aires-Barros MR Prazeres DM 《Journal of chromatography. A》2011,1218(48):8629-8637
Plasmid DNA (pDNA) is purified directly from alkaline lysis-derived Escherichia coli (E. coli) lysates by phenyl boronate (PB) chromatography. The method explores the ability of PB ligands to bind covalently, but reversibly, to cis-diol-containing impurities like RNA and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), leaving pDNA in solution. In spite of this specificity, cis-diol free species like proteins and genomic DNA (gDNA) are also removed. This is a major advantage since the process is designed to keep the target pDNA from binding. The focus of this paper is on the study of the secondary interactions between the impurities (RNA, gDNA, proteins, LPS) in a pDNA-containing lysate and 3-amino PB controlled pore glass (CPG) matrices. Runs were designed to evaluate the role of adsorption buffer composition, feed type (pH, salt content), CPG matrix and sample pretreatment (RNase A, isopropanol precipitation). Water was chosen as the adsorption buffer over MgCl(2) solutions since it maximised pDNA yield (96.2±4.9%) and protein removal (61.3±3.0%), while providing for a substantial removal of RNA (65.5±3.5%) and gDNA (44.7±14.1%). Although the use of pH 3.5 maximised removal of impurities (~75%), the best compromise between plasmid yield (~96%) and RNA clearance (~60-70%) was obtained for a pH of 5.2. Plasmid yield was maximal (>96%) when the concentration of acetate and potassium ions in the incoming lysate feed were 1.7 M and 1.0 M, respectively. The pre-treatment of lysates with RNase A deteriorated the performance since the resulting oligoribonucleotides lack the cis-diol group at their 3' termini. Overall, the results support the idea that charge transfer interactions between the boron atom at acidic pH and electron donor groups in the aromatic bases of nucleic acids and side residues of proteins are responsible for the non-specific removal of gDNA, RNA and proteins. 相似文献
38.
César Ricardo Teixeira Tarley Felipe Nascimento Andrade Fernanda Midori de Oliveira Marcela Zanetti Corazza Luiz Fernando Mendes de Azevedo Mariana Gava Segatelli 《Analytica chimica acta》2011,(2):145
A novel ion imprinted polyvinylimidazole-silica hybrid copolymer (IIHC) was synthesized and used as a selective solid sorbent for Pb2+ ions preconcentration using an on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) system coupled to TS-FF-AAS. The ionic hybrid sorbent was prepared using 1-vinylimidazole and 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylmethacrylate as monomers, Pb2+ ions as template, tetraethoxysilane as reticulating agent and 2,2′-azobis-isobutyronitrile as initiator. The best on-line SPE conditions concerning sorption behavior, including sample pH (6.46), buffer concentration (9.0 mmol L−1), eluent (HNO3) concentration (0.5 mol L−1) and preconcentration flow rate (4.0 mL min−1), were optimized by means of full factorial design and Doehlert matrix. The analytical curve ranged from 2.5 to 65.0 μg L−1 (r = 0.999) with limit of detection of 0.75 μg L−1; the precision (repeatability) calculated as relative standard deviation (n = 10) was 5.0 and 3.6% for Pb2+ concentration of 10.0 and 60.0 μg L−1, respectively. From on-line breakthrough curve, column capacity was 3.5 mg g−1. Preconcentration factor (PF), consumptive index (CI) and concentration efficiency (CE) were 128.0, 0.16 mL and 25.6 min−1, respectively. The selective performance of the sorbent, based on relative selectivity coefficient, was compared to NIC (non imprinted copolymer) for the binary mixture Pb2+/Cd2+, Pb2+/Cu2+ and Pb2+/Zn2+. The results showed that ion imprinted polyvinylimidazole-silica hybrid polymer had higher selectivity for Pb2+ than NIC at 64.9, 16.0 and 8.8 folds. The developed method was successfully applied for highly sensitive and selective Pb2+ determination in different kinds of water samples, parenteral solutions and urine. Accuracy was also assessed by analyzing certified reference fish protein (DORM-3) and marine sediment (MESS-3 and PACS-2) with satisfactory results. 相似文献
39.
C. G. Moth�� A. D. Azevedo W. S. Drumond S. H. Wang R. D. Sinisterra 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2011,106(3):671-677
Amphiphilic triblock copolymers, based on hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) blocks and hydrophobic poly(l,l-lactide) (PLLA) blocks, were used as the matrix material for the preparation of tetracycline-loaded microspheres. The morphology and thermal properties of the biodegradable microspheres were evaluated. SEM showed the predominance of the spherical shape, however, it was possible to distinguish three patterns: rough or smooth surface or uneven collapsed volume. The FTIR analysis indicated good mechanical stability and structural integrity of the PLLA-PEG-PLLA copolymer??s microspheres enclosing tetracycline. By thermal analysis it was possible to see the marginal influence of tetracycline on the glass transition and melting temperatures of the PLLA-PEG-PLLA triblock copolymer, while the results by TG indicated the presence of tetracycline in the inner structure of the microspheres, which thermal decomposition leading to char formation was triggered by the drug??s presence. 相似文献
40.
Rangel TB Assreuy AM Pires Ade F Carvalho AU Benevides RG Simões Rda C Silva HC Bezerra MJ Nascimento AS Nascimento KS Nagano CS Sampaio AH Delatorre P Rocha BA Fernandes PM Cavada BS 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2011,16(6):5087-5103
DwL, a lectin extracted from the seeds of Dioclea wilsonii, is a metalloprotein with strong agglutinating activity against rabbit and ABO erythrocytes, inhibited by glucose and mannose. DwL was purified by affinity chromatography on a Sephadex G-50 column and ion exchange chromatography on a HiTrap SP XL column. SDS-PAGE revealed three electrophoretic bands corresponding to the α (25,634 ± 2 Da), β (12,873 ± 2 Da) and γ (12,779 ± 2 Da) chains. Protein sequencing was done by Tandem Mass Spectrometry. The primary sequence featured 237 amino acids and was highly homologous to other reported Diocleinae lectins. A complete X-ray dataset was collected at 2.0 ? for X-Man-complexed DWL crystals produced by the vapor diffusion method. The crystals were orthorhombic and belonged to the space group I222, with the unit-cell parameters a = 59.6, b = 67.9 and c = 109.0 ?. DWL differed in potency from other ConA-like lectins and was found to induce neutrophil migration in rats, making it particularly useful in structural/functional studies of this class of proteins. 相似文献