Higher alcohol synthesis over Cu-Fe composite oxides with high selectivity to C2+OH

Cu-Fe composite oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method and tested for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas. The selectivity to C2+OH and C6+OH in alcohol distribution was very high while the methane product fraction in hydrocarbon distribution was rather low, demonstrating a promising potential in higher alcohols synthesis from syngas. The distribution of alcohols and hydrocarbons approximately obeyed Anderson-Schulz-Flory distribution with similar chain growth probability, indicating alcohols and hydrocarbons derived from the same intermediates. The effects of Cu/Fe molar ratio, reaction temperature and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) on catalytic performance were studied in detail. The sample with a Cu/Fe molar ratio of 10/1 exhibited the best catalytic performance. Higher reaction temperature accelerated water-gas-shift reaction and led to lower total alcohols selectivity. GHSV showed great effect on catalytic performance and higher GHSV increased the total alcohol selectivity, indicating there existed visible dehydration reaction of alcohol into hydrocarbon.     

原电池示意图教学中的电子转移标注策略

对于某些学生而言,高中化学中的“原电池”内容是一道难以逾越的鸿沟。这些困难,部分是由于教师在教学中一些策略不当,部分则是因为学生在日常生活中形成的相异概念的干扰。在原电池示意图中标注电子转移这一策略,能够有效地帮助学生更科学地理解原电池的本质。现代认知心理学对表象表征的研究为此策略的使用提供了理论支持。     

Isolation and Purification of Unstable Iridoid Glucosides from Traditional Chinese Medicine by Preparative High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Solid-phase Extraction

An efficient preparative method was successfully developed for isolation and purification of unstable components from medicinal plant extracts, using a combined method of preparative high performance liquid chro-matography(HPLC) and solid-phase extraction(SPE). The aim of this study was to obtain an effective method with high preparative efficiency and importantly to avoid the transformation of unstable compounds. The preparative HPLC system was based on an LC/MS controlled four-channel autopurification sys...     

First-principles calculation of core-level binding energy shift in surface chemical processes

Combined with third generation synchrotron radiation light sources, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with higher energy resolution, brilliance, enhanced surface sensitivity and photoemission cross section in real time found extensive applications in solid-gas interface chemistry. This paper reports the calculation of the core-level binding energy shifts (CLS) using the first-principles density functional theory. The interplay between the CLS calculations and XPS measurements to uncover the structures,...     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定钇铝石榴石中掺杂Yb(Ⅲ)离子

采用碳酸钠-硼砂(质量比1：1)做熔剂分解钇铝石榴石,并确定了熔剂的最优化条件．以电感耦合等离子体光谱法对样品中掺杂Yb(Ⅲ)离子作了定量检测考察了样品和熔剂中单个基体和混合基体对分析结果的影响．发现单个基体Y对Yb的测定有增强效应．基体A1对Yb的测定有一定的抑制作用;基体对Yb测定的干扰可通过基体匹配进行消除元素的俭出限为2μg／L,标准加入回收率为88％～100％实际样品7次检测的RSD为2．1％。本方法可以较好地满足实际样品分析的需要。     

南极岩石样品中稀土元素的中子活化分析

用仪器中子活化分析技术,测定了南极岩石中8种稀土元素含量,讨论了不同岩石的稀土模式特点。     

GC/MS法快速测定食用植物油中脂肪酸含量

脂肪酸以甘油三酯的形式存在于植物油中,我们先用KOH-甲醇方法将它转化为甲酯,用正交设计法探索出最佳的酯交换条件,整个过程5分钟可完成。然后用GC/MS/MSD进行定性定量分析。测定了8种食用植物油中六种脂肪酸的含量。     

棕榈油中脂肪酸的GC/MS定性分析

本文介绍了进口棕榈油中的脂肪酸的色-质联用分析方法。其中,特别检测了油中的奇碳数脂肪酸,并和其它食用油中的脂肪酸作了比较。     

双波长分光光度法同时测定浆料中的聚乙烯醇和淀粉

本文报道了用双波长分光光度法同时测定变性聚乙烯醇和淀粉醋酸酯的一种新方法。分别选择670.0～540.0nm以及590.0～730.0nm波长对测定变性聚乙烯醇和淀粉醋酸酯。变性聚乙烯醇)～32μg/ml,淀粉醋酸酯0～130μg/ml浓度范围内,吸光度差值△A遵循比耳定律。当淀粉醋酸酯与变性聚乙烯醇的浓度比在1.3～16范围内,变性聚乙烯醇和淀粉醋酸酯的样品回收率分别为99.5～105%和97～108%。所拟定的方法可测定浆料中变性聚乙烯醇和淀粉醋酸酯。本法与盐酸水解淀粉法测定的聚乙烯醇含量相吻合。本法简便快速。     

离子色谱法测定水果及其树叶的含氯量

本文提出用离子色谱法测定水果及其树叶中氯含量的方法,在IC-PAK阴离子柱上,用4 mmol/L邻苯二甲酸(pH4.5)作流动相进行洗脱,电导检测器检测。方法简便、快速,灵敏、准确。氯的最小检出量为0.14μg,相对标准偏差为2.4%,回收率为99.4%。