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961.
Shey-Huei Sheu 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1991,42(4):331-341
A generalization of the block replacement policy (BRP) is proposed and analysed for a multi-unit system which has the specific multivariate distribution. Under such a policy an operating system is preventively replaced at times kT (k = 1, 2, 3,...), as in the ordinary BRP, and the replacement of the failed system at failure is not mandatory; instead, a minimal repair to the component of the system can be made. The choice of these two possible actions is based on some random mechanism which is age-dependent. The cost of the ith minimal repair of the component at age y depends on the random part C(y) and the deterministic part Ci(y). The aim of the paper is to find the optimal block interval T which minimizes the long-run expected cost per unit time of the policy. 相似文献
962.
Toshikazu Kimura 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1991,42(7):595-603
This paper deals with refining Cosmetatos's approximation for the mean waiting time in an M/D/s queue. Although his approximation performs quite well in heavy traffic, it overestimates the true value when the number of servers is large or the traffic is light. We first focus on a normalized quantity that is a ratio of the mean waiting times for the M/D/s and M/M/s queues. Using some asymptotic properties of the quantity, we modify Cosmetatos's approximation to obtain better accuracy both for large s and in light traffic. To see the quality of our approximation, we compare it with the exact value and some previous approximations. Extensive numerical tests indicate that the relative percentage error is less than 1% for almost all cases with s ≤ 20 and at most 5% for other cases. 相似文献
963.
Toshikazu Kimura 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1991,42(11):959-970
We provide two distribution-dependent approximations for the mean waiting time in a GI/G/s queue. Both approximations are weighted combinations of the exact mean waiting times for the GI/M/s and M/D/s queues each of which has the same mean service time and traffic intensity as in the approximating GI/G/s queue. The weights in the approximations are expressed by the service-time c.d.f. and the first two moments of interarrival and service times. To examine the performance of our approximations, they are numerically compared with exact solutions and previous two-moment approximations for various cases. Extensive numerical comparisons indicate that the relative percentage errors of the approximations are of the order of 5% in moderate traffic and 1% in heavy traffic, except for extreme cases. 相似文献
964.
Robert W. Ashford Peter Connard Robert Daniel 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1992,43(5):519-531
The time-consuming process of solving large-scale Mixed Integer Programming problems using the branch-and-bound technique can be speeded up by introducing a degree of parallelism into the basic algorithm. This paper describes the development and implementation of a parallel branch-and-bound algorithm created by adapting a commercial MIP solver. Inherent in the design of this software are certain ad hoc methods, the use of which are necessary in the effective solution of real problems. The extent to which these ad hoc methods can successfully be transferred to a parallel environment, in this case an array of at most nine transputers, is discussed. Computational results on a variety of real integer programming problems are reported. 相似文献
965.
Rahul Mukerjee 《The Journal of the Operational Research Society》1982,33(10):957-959
The problem of minimising E(X) subject to the constraints X ? 0, P(X ? b) ? a(0 < a < 1) has been considered, where b is a non-negative random variable with continuous probability distribution. A necessary and sufficient condition for randomised decisions to be superior to the non-randomised one has been derived. 相似文献
966.
A pseudo-first-order catalytic mechanism in which both reactant and product of a redox reaction are strongly immobilized
on an electrode surface is theoretically analysed under conditions of square-wave (SWV) and staircase cyclic voltammetry (SCV).
A mathematical procedure is developed under diffusionless conditions. The relationships between the properties of the voltammetric
response and both the kinetic parameters of the redox reaction and the parameters of the excitation signal are studied. The
phenomenon of the quasi-reversible maximum is discussed. A comparative study between SWV and SCV is presented and the limitations
and advantages of both techniques, from analytical and kinetic points of view, are discussed. The theoretical predictions
are experimentally confirmed by the redox reaction of azobenzene in the presence of hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
967.
A new ligand, 2-carboxybenzaldehyde-(4’-hydroxy)benzoylhydrazone(H2L) and its ZnII and NiII complexes have been synthesized and characterized on the basis of elemental analyses, molar conductivities, 1H-NMR, IR spectra and thermal analyses. In addition, DNA-binding properties of these two metal complexes were investigated
using spectrometric titrations, ethidium bromide displacement experiments, and viscosity measurements. The results show that
the two complexes, especially the NiII complex, strongly bind with calf-thymus DNA, presumably via an intercalation mechanism. The intrinsic binding constants of the ZnII and NiII complexes with DNA are 2.46 × 105 and 7.94 × 105
M
−1, respectively. 相似文献
968.
An analytical method using alumina modified with water-soluble polyacrylic acid polymer for the simultaneous separation and
preconcentration of trace Cu and Cd in a column system, and their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry was
developed. The conditions for coating Al2O3 with polyacrylic acid were optimized, then the column was packed with 50 mg of this sorbent. Cd and Cu solution was passed
through a glass column at pH 4.5, and elution was carried out with 5 mL of 0.05 M HCl at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. A sorption capacity of 10 mg Cu and 12 mg Cd was obtained for 1 g sorbent. The detection limit was calculated as 4.5 μg L−1 for Cu and 1.54 μg L−1 for Cd in the final solution. Enrichment factors of 300 for Cd and 400 for Cu were obtained. 相似文献
969.
Fettouhi M Ouahab L Boukhari A Cador O Mathonière C Kahn O 《Inorganic chemistry》1996,35(17):4932-4937
The goal of this work was to synthesize new molecular bricks which could be used as precursors of heterobimetallic low-dimensional compounds. Along this line, four compounds have been synthesized and structurally characterized, namely (NBu(4))(2)[Ni(Cl(2)opba)] (1), (NBu(4))(2)[Cu(Cl(2)opba)] (2), (NBu(4))(5)[Mn(Cl(2)opba)(DMSO)(2)](4) (3), and Cu(en)(2)[Mn(Cl(2)opba)(H(2)O)(2)](2).2DMSO (4), with Cl(2)opba = (4,5-dichloro-o-phenylene)bis(oxamato), NBu(4) = tetra-n-butylammonium, en = ethylenediamine, and DMSO = dimethyl sulfoxide. Compounds 1 and 2 are isostructural; they crystallize in the monoclinic system, space group C2/c, Z = 4, with a = 18.708(2) ?, b = 17.525(2) ?, c = 14.763(9) ?, and beta = 92.03(4) degrees for 1 and a = 18.928(2) ?, b = 17.634(2) ?, c = 14.704(9) ?, and beta = 92.38(3) degrees for 2. 3 crystallizes in the tetragonal system, space group P&fourmacr;2(1)c, Z = 2, with a = 26.295(10) ? and c = 12.342(7) ?. The structure shows a random occupation of the metal site by Mn(III) and Mn(II) ions in 3/4 and 1/4 ratios, respectively. 4 crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P&onemacr;, Z = 1, with a = 7.066(7) ?, b = 11.844(1) ?, c = 14.292(5) ?, alpha = 105.64(2) degrees, beta = 97.67(5) degrees, and gamma = 102.13(3) degrees. The structure consists of Mn(III)Cu(II)Mn(III) trinuclear species, with Cu-O-Mn bridges involving oxygen atoms of the oxamato groups already linked to the metal atom. The magnetic properties of compounds 1-4 have been investigated and quantitatively interpreted. For 3, this magnetic investigation has been performed on a single crystal, which allows us to determine unambiguously the sign of the axial zero-field splitting parameter for the Mn(III) ion. The potentialities of these new molecular bricks have been discussed. 相似文献
970.
Jorge Pavez Maritza Páez Armelle Ringuedé Fethi Bedioui José H. Zagal 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2005,9(1):21-29
We studied the electrocatalytic activity of cobalt tetra-aminophthalocyanine (CoTAPc) for the reduction of molecular oxygen (O2) on adsorbed monomeric and on electropolymerized films of different thicknesses on glassy carbon (GC) electrode. The polymeric films, denoted poly-CoTAPc, were first characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and it appears that the types of phenomena revealed to be occurring depend less on the film thickness in basic than in acid media. For O2 reduction, the results showed that poly-CoTAPc is more active than the monomeric CoTAPc adsorbed on GC. Indeed, rotating ring-disk electrode data showed that polymeric CoTAPc promotes the four-electron reduction of O2 to water in parallel to a two-electron reduction to give peroxide. On monomeric and thin films of poly-CoTAPc, a two-electron reduction mechanism predominates. In basic media the activity increases very slightly with thickness, whereas in acid media this increase is more pronounced. This parallels the observed behavior revealed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. 相似文献