Flexible Filter‐Free Narrowband Photodetector with High Gain and Customized Responsive Spectrum

Conventional narrowband photodetection is enabled by coupling broadband photodetectors with complex optical filters. The recently reported charge collection narrowing, an alternative filter‐free strategy, attains very narrowband photodetection at the sacrifice of sensitivity. Herein, a new strategy is proposed to customize the responsive spectrum with high gain by using dye molecules with intrinsically versatile and narrowband absorption. The device configuration is organic dye/Zn_0.9Mg_0.1O nanoparticles/graphene, where the organic dye serves as the narrowband absorber, graphene serves as the fast carrier transport channel, and Zn_0.9Mg_0.1O nanoparticles play a triple role of enhancing dye loading, suppressing dye aggregation and blocking charge back recombination. A high responsivity of 8 × 10³ A W^?1 is thus obtained at a 530 nm response peak with a 60 nm full‐width at half maximum, a four orders of magnitude increase in sensitivity compared to the best narrowband photodetectors reported to date under the comparable electric field. Organic dyes with dual‐band absorption to demonstrate narrowband photodetectors with customized responsive spectrum are further implemented. The approach opens the way to the realization of efficient flexible narrowband photodetection for electronic skin and wearable electronic applications.     

Nonlinear electrodynamics in space-times with torsion

A nonminimal and nongauge invariant descirption of nonlinear electrodynamics in space-times with torsion is given. It is shown that in the case of the Weitzenböck teleparallel space-time, massive photons are produced by a mechanism which involves the nonminimal coupling constant and the divergence of the torsion vector.On leave of absence from: Grupo de Relatividade e Teoria de Campo, Instituto de Fisica — UERJ, Departamento de Fisica Teorica, 20550 Maracan, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil     

Effects of myocardial wall thickness on SPECT quantification

The effects of changing myocardial wall thickness in single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging are characterized, and a method which may be used to compensate for these effects is presented. The underlying principle is that the phenomena of attenuation, Compton scatter, and finite resolution can be separated and treated independently. Only finite resolution and its effects, along with a proposed method for correcting these effects, are addressed. A cardiac phantom with varying wall thickness (9-23 mm) was developed to characterize the dependence effects on (201)Tl myocardial SPECT images. Correction factors in the form of recovery coefficients have been developed with the use of a convolution simulation, and are shown to improve substantially the agreement of counts extracted from SPECT images of the phantom with the actual (201)Tl concentration. The degree of improvement, however, is markedly affected by external attenuation. Clinical application of this method will require corrections for attenuation and scatter or the development of regional recovery coefficients which include these effects.     

Stable gold(III) complexes with thiosemicarbazone derivatives

Novel thiosemicarbazonato complexes of gold(III) have been prepared from reactions of [Au(damp-C1,N)Cl2(damp- = 2-(N,N-dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl) or [NBu4][AuCl4] with 2-pyridineformamide thiosemicarbazones (HL). The thiosemicarbazones deprotonate and coordinate as mononegative, tridentate NNS ligands to gold to give [Au(Hdamp-C1)(L)]Cl2 or [AuCl(L)]Cl complexes. The organometallic damp- ligand is protonated during the reactions and the Au-N bond is cleaved. The [AuCl(L)]+ cations represent the first gold(III) complexes with thiourea derivatives which are not stabilised by an additional organometallic ligand. Reactions of [NBu4][AuX4](X = Cl, Br) with diphenylthiocarbazone (dithizone) result in reduction of the metal and the formation of gold(I) complexes of the composition [AuX(SCN4-3,4-Ph2)] where SCN4-3,4-Ph2 is 3,4-diphenyltetrazole thione which is formed from cyclisation of dithizone.     

From the deadened oscillation to the spontaneous chiral breaking

The two historical theories of chirality neglected that the considered molecules are exothermic. The outflowing current of probability perturbs the internal dynamics. Complete error potential method permits establishment of a second order differential equation which determines the periodical or aperiodical behaviour of any two-well compound. Depending on the outgoing current of probability the perturbation increases from the deadened oscillation until spontaneous chiral breaking occurs. From the mutual independence of the inversion and destruction barriers we predict that short-lived chiral molecules and slow-moving atomic clocks could exist. From the equations we invite the search for chirality free oscillations and resonance and also to modify the chiral or oscillatory nature of a compound by catalysts.     

Polarographic determination of the stability constants of binary and ternary lead(II) complexes and different organic ligands

The stability constants of complexes of different stoichiometries, formed by Pb(II) with oxalate, maleate, tartrate and citrate anions, have been determined. The polarographic methods originally used by DeFord and Hume were used for the binary complexes and those of Schaap and McMasters for the mixed complexes. The reliability of the results obtained was verified by applying the POLAG program. Finally, different statistical considerations were undertaken which confirm the results.     

Polymer-supported Bis(oxazoline)-copper complexes as catalysts in cyclopropanation reactions

Bis(oxazolines) are easily immobilized by functionalization of the central methylene bridge with polymerizable groups and subsequent polymerization. Polymers are transformed into copper catalysts active in the cyclopropanation of styrene with ethyl diazoacetate. The results are similar or even better than those obtained with the similar homogeneous systems, and the catalysts can be easily recovered and reused. The substitution in the methylene bridge leads to a slight reduction in the enantioselectivity and an unexpected cis-preference.