气轨上的耦合振子实验

气轨上的耦合振子实验魏纪鹏，江瑞琴（河北师范学院物理系石家庄０５００９１）每一真实的力学系统的振动实际上都能以若干个不同的方式进行，这些方式称为系统的振动模（简正模）．本文介绍气轨上两个耦合振子实验，其物理现象直观，便于测量，实验结果与理论的吻合令人...     

因瓦合金纳米微粉的恒磁导率及其压力、频率特性和压力相变

 以Fe-30wt%Ni合金片为母合金，用蒸发冷凝法制备了三种粗细不同的纳米微粒。经透射电镜和X光衍射物相分析，微粒成分与母合金一致。5T、5H和3K粉的平均粒度分别为13.6、27和40 mm。在室温和43~28个不同的流体静压力（0.000 1~2.205 GPa）下测量了它们的磁化曲线、磁导率曲线和起始磁化曲线。结果表明：（1）在H＝(20－132)(1000/4π)A/m范围内Fe-30Ni合金三种纳米粉均具有恒磁导率。（2）三种纳米粉恒磁导率随静水压的变化规律如下：μ_r＝3.83+0.253p-0.022 1p²-0.007 22p³（5T粉）；μ_r＝3.93+1.20p-1.97p²+1.52p³-0.510p⁴+0.059 9p⁵（5H粉）；μ_r＝5.96-0.276p+0.107p²-0.045 9p³（3K粉）。前两者随压力增加而升高。后者随压力增加而下降。（3）γ-α马氏体相变明显存在于5T、5H粉中，而3K粉中未见到。（4）Fe-30Ni合金片的μ_i从200kHz至2 MHz已下降一个数量级，而其纳米粉μ_i的频率范围高于300 MHz，增大两个数量级以上。     

具有小Knudsen数的Boltzmann方程的奇异扰动解法

本文提出一种解小Knudsen数的Boltzmann方程的方法,它可以消去Hilbert展开和Enskog展开中的久期项改进正规解,消去Grad展开中的久期项改进初始层解,并把求边界层解归结为求解线性代数方程组。 关键词：     

Single-slit diffraction of the arbitrary vector beams

We present the single-slit diffraction of the arbitrary vector fields with different parameters m, n, and φ0theoretically and experimentally. The single slit covers the polarization singularity in the center and therefore the influence of the polarization singularity on the diffraction fringes is analyzed. The experimental results which agree well with the simulation results show that the total intensity of the diffraction field is related only to the topological charge m, but the polarization distribution of the diffraction field is related to all the parameters m, n, and φ0. Therefore, the diffraction patterns allow to determine all the parameters of the arbitrary vector fields.     

《大学物理实验》课程多媒体CAI教学模式的研究与实践

本文主要介绍《大学物理实验》课程利用多媒体ＣＡＩ方法实现教学模式的转变。     

压电超声马达的摩擦和噪声

对一种基于弯曲振动模式压电超声马达中的突出问题──摩擦、噪声及其对马达性能的影响进行了研究．考察了马达转子摩擦材料、转子与定子之间的压力、工作频率、电路匹配等因素对马达运转噪声、转速力矩输出和运转平稳性等的影响．实验结果揭示,马达运转噪声除了与摩擦材料有密切关系外,还与其它诸多因素有关．实验中还发现,改变定子与转子之间的压力,不仅马达噪声大小会发生变化,而且噪声的主频成分也会改变．     

Improve the performance of interferometer with ultra-cold atoms

Ultra-cold atoms provide ideal platforms for interferometry.The macroscopic matter-wave property of ultra-cold atoms leads to large coherent length and long coherent time,which enable high accuracy and sensitivity to measurement.Here,we review our efforts to improve the performance of the interferometer.We demonstrate a shortcut method for manipulating ultra-cold atoms in an optical lattice.Compared with traditional ones,this shortcut method can reduce the manipulation time by up to three orders of magnitude.We construct a matter-wave Ramsey interferometer for trapped motional quantum states and significantly increase its coherence time by one order of magnitude with an echo technique based on this method.Efforts have also been made to enhance the resolution by multimode scheme.Application of a noise-resilient multi-component interferometer shows that increasing the number of paths could sharpen the peaks in the time-domain interference fringes,which leads to a resolution nearly twice compared with that of a conventional double-path two-mode interferometer.With the shortcut method mentioned above,improvement of the momentum resolution could also be fulfilled,which leads to atomic momentum patterns less than 0.6hkL. To identify and remove systematic noises,we introduce the methods based on the principal component analysis (PCA) that reduce the noise in detection close to the 1/√2 of the photon-shot noise and separate and identify or even eliminate noises.Furthermore,we give a proposal to measure precisely the local gravity acceleration within a few centimeters based on our study of ultracold atoms in precision measurements.     

碲化物玻璃在光纤光学中的应用及研究进展

碲化物玻璃(TeO2)作为一种稳定的玻璃形态,近年来受到人们的关注。文中首先将碲化物玻璃的一些特性与石英玻璃等玻璃材料进行了对比,然后介绍了它在光纤设备制造方面的应用,最后回顾了近年来这方面的研究进展。     

实时测温系统波长带宽的优化设计

本文在着重讨论系统的测温不确定度及温度分辨力的基础上 ,对其工作波长的带宽进行了优化设计。实验表明 ,采用优化设计的波长带宽之后 ,在测温范围 40 0～ 12 0 0℃内 ,测温不确定度及系统的温度分辨力均符合设计要求。证明了系统波长带宽设计的正确性     

新型光纤温度传感器研究

介绍水银包层光波导作为测温探头的新型光纤温度传感器的探头结构及测温原理,与8098单片机相结合,实现信号探测及数据处理,这种新型光纤温度传感器结构简单,理论分析的相对测量精度可达0.02%。实验表明,在20～100℃的温度范围内,测量精度为0.1℃,对诸如油库等易燃、易爆危险环境的温度检测具有重要的意义。