A new magneto-cardiogram study using a vector model with a virtual heart and the boundary element method

A cardiac vector model is presented and verified, and then the forward problem for cardiac magnetic fields and electric potential are discussed based on this model and the realistic human torso volume conductor model, including lungs. A torso-cardiac vector model is used for a 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) and magneto-cardiogram (MCG) simulation study by using the boundary element method (BEM). Also, we obtain the MCG wave picture using a compound four-channel HTc ·SQUID system in a magnetically shielded room. By comparing the simulated results and experimental results, we verify the cardiac vector model and then do a preliminary study of the forward problem of MCG and ECG. Therefore, the results show that the vector model is reasonable in cardiac electrophysiology.     

HfO_2/SiO_2薄膜的激光预处理作用研究北大核心CSCD

激光预处理是提高激光薄膜抗激光损伤阈值的重要手段。对电子束蒸发方式镀制的HfO2/SiO2反射膜采用大口径激光进行了辐照,并采用激光量热计测量了激光辐射前后的弱吸收值。采用聚焦离子束(FIB)技术分析了激光辐照后薄膜的损伤形态并探究了损伤原因,首次采用扫描电镜拍摄到了节瘤部分喷发时的形貌图,并对其进行了FIB分析,为进一步了解节瘤的损伤过程提供了依据。实验发现,激光辐照过后的激光薄膜弱吸收明显降低,激光预处理有效减少了引起薄膜吸收的缺陷,存在明显的清洗效应;在本实验采用的HfO2/SiO2反射膜中,激光预处理技术对于祛除位于基底上种子形成的节瘤是有效的,原因是激光辐射过后该节瘤进行了预喷发并不会对后续激光产生影响;而激光预处理技术对位于膜层中间的可能是镀膜过程中材料飞溅引起的缺陷是无效的,需要通过其他手段对该类节瘤进行祛除。     

基于EPON通信技术的智能变电站保护控制技术研究

本文分析了EPON通信技术的特点以及其在电力系统的应用情况,总结了智能变电站保护控制技术对通信支撑技术的要求,提出了将EPON通信技术应用于智能变电站过程层组网,并实现继电保护控制功能的技术方案,搭建了基于EPON通信技术的智能变电站过程层保护控制技术仿真平台,以典型的智能化变压器差动保护为研究及评测对象,进行了仿真实验,对实验结果进行了分析,实验结论说明现阶段的EPON通信软硬件技术不能满足智能变电站过程层保护控制技术对通信的要求。     

Cardiac magnetic source imaging based on current multipole model

It is widely accepted that the heart current source can be reduced into a current multipole. By adopting three linear inverse methods, the cardiac magnetic imaging is achieved in this article based on the current multipole model expanded to the first order terms. This magnetic imaging is realized in a reconstruction plane in the centre of human heart, where the current dipole array is employed to represent realistic cardiac current distribution. The current multipole as testing source generates magnetic fields in the measuring plane, serving as inputs of cardiac magnetic inverse problem. In the heart-torso model constructed by boundary element method, the current multipole magnetic field distribution is compared with that in the homogeneous infinite space, and also with the single current dipole magnetic field distribution. Then the minimum-norm least-squares (MNLS) method, the optimal weighted pseudoinverse method (OWPIM), and the optimal constrained linear inverse method (OCLIM) are selected as the algorithms for inverse computation based on current multipole model innovatively, and the imaging effects of these three inverse methods are compared. Besides, two reconstructing parameters, residual and mean residual, are also discussed, and their trends under MNLS, OWPIM and OCLIM each as a function of SNR are obtained and compared.     

Magnetotransport properties of two-dimensional electron gas in AlGaN/AlN/GaN heterostructures

Magnetotransport measurements are carried out on the AlGaN/AlN/GaN in an SiC heterostructure, which demonstrates the existence of the high-quality two-dimensional electron gas (2DGE) at the AlN/GaN interface. While the carrier concentration reaches 1.32 × 10¹³ cm ^{- 2} and stays relatively unchanged with the decreasing temperature, the mobility of the 2DEG increases to 1.21 × 10⁴ cm²/(V·s) at 2 K. The Shubnikov—de Haas (SdH) oscillations are observed in a magnetic field as low as 2.5 T at 2 K. By the measurements and the analyses of the temperature-dependent SdH oscillations, the effective mass of the 2DEG is determined. The ratio of the transport lifetime to the quantum scattering time is 9 in our sample, indicating that small-angle scattering is predominant.     

High temperature characteristics of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors

Direct current (DC) and pulsed measurements are performed to determine the degradation mechanisms of AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) under high temperature. The degradation of the DC characteristics is mainly attributed to the reduction in the density and the mobility of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). The pulsed measurements indicate that the trap assisted tunneling is the dominant gate leakage mechanism in the temperature range of interest. The traps in the barrier layer become active as the temperature increases, which is conducive to the electron tunneling between the gate and the channel. The enhancement of the tunneling results in the weakening of the current collapse effects, as the electrons trapped by the barrier traps can escape more easily at the higher temperature.     

制备45°双外延超导结的新工艺

我们使用脉冲激光沉积方法对YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)薄膜在MgO基片上通过CeO2/YSZ双缓冲层的生长进行了系统的研究,发现MgO单晶基片的表面质量是决定能否得到理想外延薄膜质量的关键因素,通过使用低能离子束对MgO表面进行轰击,以增加其表面粗糙度和去除变质层,得到了具有100%面内45°旋转的YBCO外延膜,其临界电流密度77K时在106A/cm2量级.通过湿法刻蚀得到的双外延Josephson结表现出RSJ特性.     

The forward and inverse problem of cardiac magnetic fields based on concentric ellipsoid torso-heart model

<正>This paper constructs a concentric ellipsoid torso-heart model by boundary element method and investigates the impacts of model structures on the cardiac magnetic fields generated by both equivalent primary source—a current dipole and volume currents.Then by using the simulated magnetic fields based on the torso-heart model as input,the cardiac current sources—an array of current dipoles by optimal constrained linear inverse method are constructed.Next, the current dipole array reconstruction considering boundaries are compared with that in an unbounded homogeneous medium.Furthermore,the influence of random noise on reconstruction is also considered and the reconstructing effect is judged by several reconstructing parameters.     

高速模型尾迹流场及其电磁散射特性相似性实验研究

高速目标再入大气层或在临近空间飞行时,空气电离形成的等离子体鞘套和尾迹对目标的雷达散射特性会产生影响.为了研究不同模型尾迹流场及其电磁散射特性规律和相似性,以氧化铝球模型为研究对象,在弹道靶设备上开展了双尺度参数相同的条件下高速球模型尾迹流场及其电磁散射相似性实验研究.由二级轻气炮发射模型,模型直径分别为8.0、10.0、12.0、15.0 mm,速度约6 km/s,靶室压力分别为6.3,5.0,4.2,3.3 k Pa,采用阴影照相系统测量模型激波脱体距离、电子密度测量系统测量模型尾迹的电子密度分布、X波段单站雷达系统测量在视角为40?的模型及流场的雷达散射截面(RCS)分布.实验结果表明:在速度不变、双尺度参数相同的条件下,随着模型尺寸的增加,激波脱体距离逐渐增加,激波脱体距离与模型直径之比近似相同;不同模型尾迹电子密度测量曲线的趋势和数量级一致,表明不同模型的尾迹流场适用于双缩尺律;不同尺寸模型尾迹的总体RCS与分布RCS均不相同,表明不同模型尾迹的电磁散射不适用于二元缩尺律;高速球模型全目标电磁散射能量分布在模型及其绕流区域、等离子体尾迹区域;高速球模型全目标电磁散射能量在模型及绕流场区域出现1个强散射中心,在模型湍流尾迹区域出现多个散射中心;高速球模型尾迹的RCS测量信号呈现随机性分布特性,幅度脉动和频率脉动均没有周期性;随着模型尺寸的增加,模型尾迹的总体RCS增加,尾迹脉动频率的变化范围减小.     

纳米光刻双光栅对准莫尔条纹分析

为了给实际的纳米光刻对准工作提供理论研究基础,主要分析推导了莫尔条纹复振幅以及光强的空间分布规律.在理论分析的基础上通过仿真,定量地确定了莫尔条纹复振幅分布的近似数学模型.分析表明,当对准光路通过掩模硅片上的两个对准标记受到两次光栅的调制并发生复杂的衍射和干涉时,将形成有规律的、呈一定周期分布的莫尔条纹.并且当两光栅周期相近时,莫尔条纹将表现为一个与两光栅周期相关的空间拍信号.在近似模型中该拍信号主要由两光栅基频的乘积调制与振幅调制信号组成.两调制信号的群峰值周期相等、与拍信号的群峰值周期一致,并且该周期相对于两光栅周期被大幅度放大,因而具有很好的位移探测灵敏度,有利于纳米级对准的实际应用.