纳米多孔钯催化亚胺化合物加氢还原反应研究

本文首次研究了以H2为氢源、纳米多孔钯催化亚胺化合物的加氢还原反应.结果表明:在氢气压力为101.325 kPa,溶剂为无水乙醇,反应温度为30℃,反应时间24 h,催化剂物质的量分数为5%的条件下,纳米多孔钯可以高效催化亚胺化合物的加氢还原反应,高选择性、高产率地生成一系列仲胺,仲胺的产率在93%~96%之间.该反应官能团兼容性好,底物范围广,带有甲基、甲氧基、氰基和羟基等基团的亚胺都可以顺利发生还原反应生成相应的仲胺.催化剂重复使用5次后,活性未出现明显降低.     

Ir/CNTs催化剂的制备及对氨的电催化氧化

分别以碳纳米管(CNTs)和XC-72活性碳为载体制备了Ir/CNTs和Ir/C催化剂. X射线衍射(XRD)结果显示, CNTs拥有更高的石墨化程度. 电化学研究结果表明, 与Ir/C催化剂相比, Ir/CNTs对氨氧化具有更高的电流密度、更低的起始氧化电位和更好的稳定性. 同时, Ir/CNTs催化剂对氨检测的线性范围更宽, 灵敏度更高, 检出限更低.     

面向移动通信终端的北斗SOC芯片设计

以大众消费电子和移动通信领域需求为导向,通过突破基带射频一体化设计、低功耗设计、深亚微米芯片设计与实现技术,展讯研制了一款基于40nm工艺的集成Bei Dou/GPS/GLONASS/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/FM等移动通信终端功能的SOC芯片。     

几种轻量级加密算法的比较研究

随着无线射频识别(RFID)技术在各个应用领域的迅猛发展,轻量级(lightweight)加密算法日益受到人们的关注。在RFID中硬件资源是极端受限制的,为了在算法加密性能与硬件资源开销间得到一个好的权衡,把椭圆曲线加密算法(ECC)与流密码加密算法中RC4算法,分组加密算法中的PRESENT算法,进行分析比较。并选取Atmega-32微处理器在AVR Studio仿真平台上进行分析比较。实验获得了这三种算法在算法运行效率、密码安全强度和硬件资源开销间的比较结果。得出,在硬件资源同样极端受限的环境下,ECC所表现出的运行效率和密码安全强度是其他两种算法所不能比拟的,证明了非对称加密算法也可以做到轻量化。     

基于Roujean和Ross-Li模型算法的不同户外光照南疆冬枣BRDF特性研究

不同光照下,如何消除或减小反演数据差异,提高检测精度,是目前南疆冬枣户外检测中遇到的一大难题,因此通过用高光谱相机获得的南疆冬枣二向反射分布函数(BRDF)测量值,采用最小二乘法拟合Roujean模型和Ross-Li模型的参数,最后对比Roujean模型和Ross-Li模型反演的结果,提出何种天气何段波长用何种模型反演...     

Classical-Noise-Free Sensing Based on Quantum Correlation Measurement

Quantum sensing,using quantum properties of sensors,can enhance resolution,precision,and sensitivity of imaging,spectroscopy,and detection.An intriguing question is:Can the quantum nature(quantumness)of sensors and targets be exploited to enable schemes that are not possible for classical probes or classical targets?Here we show that measurement of the quantum correlations of a quantum target indeed allows for sensing schemes that have no classical counterparts.As a concrete example,in the case that the second-order classical correlation of a quantum target could be totally concealed by non-stationary classical noise,the higher-order quantum correlations can single out a quantum target from the classical noise background,regardless of the spectrum,statistics,or intensity of the noise.Hence a classical-noise-free sensing scheme is proposed.This finding suggests that the quantumness of sensors and targets is still to be explored to realize the full potential of quantum sensing.New opportunities include sensitivity beyond classical approaches,non-classical correlations as a new approach to quantum many-body physics,loophole-free tests of the quantum foundation,et cetera.     

HYBRID REGULARIZED CONE-BEAM RECONSTRUCTION FOR AXIALLY SYMMETRIC OBJECT TOMOGRAPHY

In this paper,we consider 3 D tomographic reconstruction for axially symmetric objects from a single radiograph formed by cone-beam X-rays.All contemporary density reconstruction methods in high-energy X-ray radiography are based on the assumption that the cone beam can be treated as fan beams located at parallel planes perpendicular to the symmetric axis,so that the density of the whole object can be recovered layer by layer.Considering the relationship between different layers,we undertake the cone-beam global reconstruction to solve the ambiguity effect at the material interfaces of the reconstruction results.In view of the anisotropy of classical discrete total variations,a new discretization of total variation which yields sharp edges and has better isotropy is introduced in our reconstruction model.Furthermore,considering that the object density consists of continually changing parts and jumps,a high-order regularization term is introduced.The final hybrid regularization model is solved using the alternating proximal gradient method,which was recently applied in image processing.Density reconstruction results are presented for simulated radiographs,which shows that the proposed method has led to an improvement in terms of the preservation of edge location.     

脉冲紫外激光刻蚀聚合物薄膜的发射光谱和形貌学研究

用聚焦的紫外XeCl准分子激光器轰击高分子聚合物薄膜(涤纶薄膜),由OMA系统接收其发射光谱.发现谱线主要为C2的Swan带和CN的红带,并与高压汞灯照射后的聚合物薄膜的发射谱进行了比较,在我们的实验精度内,没有发现区别.实验显示,每个光脉冲能刻蚀掉几分之一到几个微米的薄膜.激光的刻蚀效应存在波长和能量密度两个阈值.对于涤纶薄膜,能量密度的阈值约为40mJ/cm2.同时还作了紫外吸收光谱和SEM照片的分析.     

雾霾天气对紫外光通信的影响

在紫外光传输模型的基础上,基于米散射和瑞利散射理论,分析了大气分子和气溶胶粒子对紫外光的吸收和散射特性.利用蒙特卡洛方法仿真分析了良好、严重雾霾、极严重雾霾三种天气条件下的紫外光通信系统路径损耗和误码率.使用波长为255nm的日盲紫外LED及光电倍增管作为收发器件,发射信号采用10kHz和100kHz的方波信号,在三种不同天气情况下进行户外短距离紫外光通信实验.实验结果表明:在通信距离小于100m条件下,随着雾霾污染程度的加重,紫外光直视通信路径损耗逐渐增大,紫外光非直视通信路径损耗逐渐减小.在进行非直视紫外光通信时,发射光功率为0.6mW时,收发端仰角小于20°,通信距离小于40m,通信质量相对较好.