丙酮分子团簇(CH3COCH3)n(n=6,7)的稳定构型

用密度泛函(DFT)理论方法研究了丙酮分子团簇(CH3COCH3)n(n=6,7)的稳定构型及与各构型相应的能量。根据稳定构型的稳定性顺序推测了丙酮分子团簇结构的增长趋势。     

Theoretical prediction of energy dependence for D+BrO→DBr+O reaction:The rate constant and product rotational polarization

A quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) calculation is used to investigate the vector and scalar properties of the D + Br O → DBr + O reaction based on an ab initio potential energy surface(X1A state) with collision energy ranging from 0.1 kcal/mol to 6 kcal/mol. The reaction probability, the cross section, and the rate constant are studied. The probability and the cross section show decreasing behaviors as the collision energy increases. The distribution of the rate constant indicates that the reaction favorably occurs in a relatively low-temperature region(T 100 K). Meanwhile, three product angular distributions P(θr), P(φr), and P(θr, φr) are presented, which reflect the positive effect on the rotational angular momentum j' polarization of the DBr product molecule. In addition, two of the polarization-dependent generalized differential cross sections(PDDCSs), PDDCS00 and PDDCS20, are computed as well. Our results demonstrate that both vector and scalar properties have strong energy dependence.     

Quasi-classical trajectory study of collision energy effect on the stereodynamics of H + Br O → O + HBr reaction

Quasi-classical trajectory(QCT) studies on the stereodynamics of H + Br O → O + HBr reaction have been performed on the X1A′state of ab initio potential energy surface by Peterson [Peterson K A 2000 J. Chem. Phys. 113 4598] in a collision energy range from 0 kcal/mol to 6 kcal/mol. Two of the polarization-dependent generalized differential cross sections(PDDCSs),(2π /σ)( dσ00/ dωt)(PDDCS00) and(2π /σ)( dσ20/ dωt)(PDDCS20) are considered. The rotational polarizations of these products show sensitive behaviors to the calculated collision energy range. Furthermore, in order to gain more knowledge about vector correlations, the product angular distribution, P(θr), and the dihedral angle, P(φr),are calculated, and the results indicate that both the rotational alignment and orientation of the product are enhanced as collision energy increases.     

Hexapole State-Selection and Beam Focus of Linear Triatomic Molecules

The state selection and beam focus of linear triatomic molecules （OCS, HCN, ClCN, BrCN and ICN） with doubling states in a hexapole electric field have been numerically realized. The method is based on a quantum mechanical treatment of the molecular Stark energy and a classical mechanical treatment for the molecular trajectory in the field. In linear molecules with doubling states, the second-order Stark effect can be neglected and the doubling states have the same value of J and M. The influences of the molecular properties, state energies, and the apparatus parameters such as molecular beam temperature and length of the hexapole, on the role of state selection and focus have been discussed. The method established here can be taken as a guide for hexapole experiment of orientation of polar molecules.     

Influence of reagent vibration on the stereodynamics of the Li + HF → LiF + H reaction

We investigate the influence of reagent vibration on the stereodynamics of the title reaction by the quasi-classical trajectory on the Aguado-Paniagua2-potential energy surface developed by Aguado et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 1997 106 1013). The cross sections and reaction probability as functions of the reagent vibration are calculated in the centre-of-mass frame. The product angular distributions of p(θ_r), p(φ_r), and p(θ_r, φ_r), which reflect the vector correlation, are also presented and discussed. The results indicate that the vector properties are sensitively affected by the vibrational excitation.     

不同样品温度下聚焦透镜到样品表面距离对激光诱导铜击穿光谱的影响

研究了不同温度下聚焦透镜到样品表面距离对激光诱导击穿光谱(laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,LIBS)强度的影响,使用Nd:YAG脉冲激光激发样品并产生等离子体,探测的等离子体发射的光谱线为Cu(Ⅰ)510.55 nm,Cu(Ⅰ)515.32 nm和Cu(Ⅰ)521.82 nm.使用透镜的焦距为200 mm,测量的聚焦透镜到样品表面距离的范围为170—200 mm,样品温度从25℃升高到270℃,激光能量为26 mJ.总体上,升高样品温度能有效地提高LIBS光谱的辐射强度.在25℃和100℃时,光谱强度随着聚焦透镜到样品表面距离的增加而单调增加;在样品温度更高(150, 200, 250和270℃)时,光谱强度随着距离的增加出现先升高而后又降低的变化.同时,在样品接近焦点附近,随着样品温度的升高,LIBS光谱强度的变化不明显,还可能出现光谱强度随着样品温度升高而降低的情况,这在通过升高样品温度来提高LIBS光谱强度中特别值得我们注意.为了更进一步了解这两个条件对LIBS的影响,计算了等离子体温度和电子密度,发现等离子体温度和电子密度的变化与光谱强度的变化几乎一致,更高样品温度下产生的等离子体温度和电子密度更高.     

一种带样品槽的小型倒锥腔实用黑体

本文介绍了JD-1型黑体的设计思想、结构特点及测试的结果,并计算了腔体的有效辐射率分布和积分辐射率。认为JD-1型黑体是一种有效辐射率高、工作温区宽、升温速率快、控温精度高的具有实际应用价值的工作黑体。     

B-型长不对称陀螺分子在六极静电场中的转动态选择和取向作用

运用王函数(Wang Function)组合构成转动波函数推导了不对称陀螺分子转动能及其在外电场作用下的Stark能量的表达式,并将其应用到六极静电场态选择理论计算中.使用类似简并能级的计算方法讨论了彼此接近能级情况下分子转动态选择情况,获得了对(CH3)2O、O3、SO2分子实现获得具有高各项异性取向的分子束的优化条件.     

2-甲基环戊酮离子的解离过程

用密度泛函理论中的UB3LYP/6-31G(D,P)方法研究了2-甲基环戊酮离子的解离过程,旨在通过研究,寻求2-甲基环戊酮离子的解离通道。找到 键断裂,氢原子重排所产生的过渡态10个、中间体和由此生成的产物多个。     

CdTe量子点的超快过程研究

使用pumpprobe技术研究了CdTe量子点的瞬态吸收光谱,通过双指数拟合,得到两个弛豫过程,将得到快过程归结为表面俘获载流子跟价带底空穴的直接复合,即表面态辐射过程;慢过程被归结为电子被深表面态俘获,然后以发射荧光或无辐射跃迁的形式与空穴进行复合,即深表面俘获态辐射过程. 并细致的研究了量子点的尺寸对单纯核的弛豫过程的影响.