超微结构中的Landauer—Buttiker输运理论

随着超微结构或者所谓的介观结构的尺度不断缩小而逼近各种描述固体属性的特征长度(相位相干长度、弹性散射长度或者布洛赫波长)时电子波函数的量子属性在介观结构的输运现象中表现得越来越明显。近年来发展日趋完善的Landauer-Buttiker输运理论由于明确考虑了波函数相位对输运的影响,在介释介观结构中各种量子相干输运现象时获得了很大的成功。本文力图较系统地介绍Landauer-Buttiker输运理论的要点,讨论介观结构中电导的对称性、电势分布的涨落和电势电极引起的相干性等重要问题。有关计算介观结构各电极间的散射矩阵S或者透射系数的微观理论不属本文讨论范围之内。     

(p,2p)准弹性敲出反应的多重散射展开

为了能更精确地描述(p,2p)这一类准弹性敲出反应,本文发展了一种多重散射展开方法.基于时间无关的多重散射理论.T矩阵元被展开成多重散射级数的形式.T_fi=M(1)M+T(2)M+....已经证明,第一项T(1)M的作用几乎等于前三级Bron展开的总和,因而,只取多重散射级数的头一项,就有相当高的精确度,而T(1)M的计算比较简单.将现在这种方法应用于纯库仑力的情况(例如氢原子的(e,2e)以及⁶Li(p,2p)⁵He,得到相当令人满意的结果.     

Performance enhancement of an InGaN light-emitting diode with an AIGaN/InGaN superlattice electron-blocking layer

The efficiency enhancement of an InGaN light-emitting diode （LED） with an A1GaN/InGaN superlattice （SL） electron-blocking layer （EBL） is studied numerically, which involves the light-current performance curve, internal quan- tum efficiency electrostatic field band wavefunction, energy band diagram carrier concentration, electron current density, and radiative recombination rate. The simulation results indicate that the LED with an A1GaN/InGaN SL EBL has better optical performance than the LED with a conventional rectangular A1GaN EBL or a normal A1GaN/GaN SL EBL because of the appropriately modified energy band diagram, which is favorable ibr the injection of holes and confinement of elec- trons. Additionally, the efficiency droop of the LED with an AIGaN/InGaN SL EBL is markedly improved by reducing the polarization field in the active region.     

Tm3+,Yb3+共掺钨酸钙多晶材料的上转换发光及荧光温度特性

采用高温固相法制备了Tm³⁺,Yb³共掺CaWO₄多晶材料. 980 nm二极管激光器激发下,在可见区获得了¹G₄→³H₆,¹G₄→³H₄,³H₂,³H₃→³H₆ 跃迁产生的上转换荧光. 讨论了Yb³⁺ 离子浓度的变化对Tm³⁺ 的上转换发光强度的影响,同时根据荧光强度比的方法研究了689 和705 nm 红色上转换荧光在313–773 K 范围内的温度特性. 结果表明：基于Tm³⁺,Yb³⁺ 共掺CaWO₄ 多晶材料的红色上转换荧光可以实现温度监测,其测温的最大灵敏度值为5.7×10^-4 K^-1,相应的测量温度为458 K. 关键词： 上转换发光 3+')" href="#">Tm³⁺ 钨酸钙 荧光温度传感     

高Q值超薄完美吸波体设计方法研究

为了增强完美吸波体的吸波性能,提出了一种高Q值超薄完美吸波体的设计方法. 该方法将基片集成波导技术与一般完美吸波体设计方法有机结合,通过合理添加金属过孔实现了高Q值的完美吸波体设计. 利用该方法设计出了厚度0.0065λ、半波功率带宽5.8%的完美吸波体,其吸波率Q值为33.9,比普通完美吸波体吸波率Q值提升了20%以上;其1.5和3 dBsm的雷达散射截面缩减Q值分别提高了54%和67%以上;同时该方法消除了传统设计中的频率偏移问题. 实测与仿真结果表明所设计的吸波体具有高Q值特征,也具有良好的雷达散射截面缩减效果,散射截面缩减最高达14 dBsm. 仿真和实测验证了设计方法的可靠性. 关键词： 基片集成波导技术 频率偏移 吸波率 雷达散射截面     

全内反射瞬逝场照明高精度磁镊及其在DNA解旋酶研究中的应用

传统磁镊的测量精度受限于磁球的布朗涨落, 当磁力小于约10 pN时, 磁球的布朗涨落明显增大, 对应磁镊的空间分辨率显著下降. 为了提高传统磁镊在小力条件下的测量精度, 本文将全内反射荧光技术引入到磁镊技术中, 并建立相适应的“磁球-手柄-荧光微球-待测生物分子”单分子连接系统, 在小力条件下(小于10 pN)获得纳米量级的测量精度. 应用改进的磁镊对DNA发卡的折叠-去折叠态的转变过程进行了研究, 依据DNA发卡的折叠-去折叠态转变的性质对全内反射场的穿透深度进行了校正, 并结合实验结果对改进后的磁镊的测量精度进行分析. 观察了Bloom解旋酶的解旋动力学过程, 获得初步实验结果, 证实了改进的磁镊在单分子研究中的实用性. 关键词： 磁镊 全内反射荧光 DNA发卡 解旋酶     

Field-induced insulator-metal-insulator transitions in low-energy H2- ion-irradiated epitaxial La2/3Cal/3MnO3 thin films

Epitaxial La2/3Cal/3MnO3 thin films grown on LaA103 （001） substrates were irradiated with low-energy 120-keV H＋ ions over doses ranging from 1012 ions/cm2 to 1017 ions/cm2. The irradiation suppresses the intrinsic insulator-metal （I-M） transition temperature and increases the resistance by reducing the crystallographic symmetry of the films. No irradiation-induced columnar defects were observed in any of the samples. The specific film irradiated at a critical dose around 8 x 1015 ions/cm2 is in a threshold state of the electric insulator where the I-M transition is absent. In an external field of 4 T or higher, the I-M transition is restored and thus an enormous magnetoresistance is observed, while a negative temperature coefficient resumes as the temperature is reduced further. Magnetic relaxation behavior is confirmed in this and other heavily irradiated samples. The results are interpreted in terms of the displacement of oxygen atoms provoked by ion irradiation and the resulting magnetic glassy state, which can be driven into a phase coexistence of metallic ferromagnetic droplets and the insulating glass matrix in a magnetic field.     

Implementation of nonlocal quantum swap operation on two entangled pairs

We propose a scheme for the implementation of nonlocal quantum swap operation on two spatially separated entangled pairs and we show that the operation can swap two qubits of these entangled pairs.We discuss the resources of the entangled qubits and classical communication bits required for the optimal implementation of the nonlocal quantum swap operation.We also put forward a scheme for probabilistic implementation of nonlocal swap operation via a nonmaximally entangled quantum channel.The probability of a successful nonlocal swap operation is obtained by introducing a collective unitary transformation.     

Three—Dimensional Propagation of Magnetohydrodynamic Waves in the Solar Chromophere and Corona

We study the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) wave propagation in the solar atmosphere consisting of the chromosphere and corona.Pressure enhancement and velocity shear are implemented simultaneously at the bootom of the chromophere.The global propagation of the incurred MHD waves,including fast-mode and slow-mode magnetoacoustic waves as well as Alfven wave,can be identified,Wave front positions obtained numerically with respect to specific waves fit well with those calculated with local MHD wave speeds.     

原子吸收光谱分析中石墨炉的原子化效率

本文评述了原子吸收光谱分析中石墨炉原子化效率的研究进展，叙述了基础理论、各种原子化效率公式以及βm,βi(exp),βi(cal)间的关系，讨论了原子化效率研究中需要进一步改善的问题。