新型低温复合相变蓄冷材料的研制

根据凝固点降低理论自行研制出一种-10℃以下的低温相变材料.首先将筛选得到的有机醇、无机盐和水按照一定比例配制出低温相变材料,利用步冷曲线法找到合适的共晶点,利用DSC测试法得到其相变潜热,瞬态平面热源法得到热导率.最终得到相变温度为-14.8℃、相变潜热225.9 kJ/kg、导热率为0.57 W/(m·K)的低温相...     

An improved deep multiscale crowd counting network with perspective awareness

Crowd counting is a challenging task, which is partly due to the multiscale variation and perspective distortion of crowd images. To solve these problems, an improved deep multiscale crowd counting network with perspective awareness was proposed. This network contains two branches. One branch uses the improved ResNet50 network to extract multiscale features, and the other extracts perspective information using a perspective-aware network formed by fully convolutional networks. The proposed network structure improves the counting accuracy when the crowd scale changes, and reduce the influence of perspective distortion. To accommodate various crowd scenarios, data-driven approaches are used to fine-tune the trained convolutional neural networks (CNN) model of the target scenes. The extensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate the validity and reliability of the proposed method.     

中小企业第三方数据存储与灾备服务需求研究

以我国中小型企业数据存储服务与灾备状况的调查为研究背景,结合国内外数据存储服务与灾备发展趋势和应用现状,从企业宕机成本、灾备投入、数据服务外包的促进与制约因素等多方面探讨了我国企业第三方数据存储与容灾备份服务的现实状况,通过分析灾备市场,提出第三方数据存储与灾备服务的未来发展建议。     

激光诱导气泡堵塞血管治疗增生性血管皮肤病的实验研究

为探究激光诱导气泡膨胀堵塞病变血管治疗血管增生性皮肤病的机理,本文建立大鼠鼠脊视窗荧光显微观测系统,研究了脂质体微粒注射前后,中等能量多脉冲1064 nm激光照射血管的热响应和血液中气泡产生、发展的现象。研究发现,血液中的脂质体微粒可成为额外的汽化核心,降低气泡形成的温度阈值,使得气泡产生的概率由未注射的10%显著增大到了注射后的52%。气泡产生后可于15 min内膨胀至最大体积并长时间堵塞血管,会使血管壁因缺氧而坏死。     

直接测风激光雷达频率跟踪技术及对流层平流层大气风场观测

为了实现高精度连续探测对流层和平流层大气风场,搭建了一台直接测风激光雷达系统对对流层和平流层大气风场进行探测。该系统基于双边缘法布里-珀罗标准具的瑞利散射多普勒测风原理,使用转台式探测结构,通过频率跟踪的手段对频率漂移进行跟踪,确保测风的精度。实验结果表明,该系统对对流层和平流层大气风场探测效果良好,频率跟踪的范围为±50 MHz,可以大大减小频率漂移带来的风速误差。经过系统的稳定运行和长时间的观测,在40 km处测得的径向风速随机误差为8 m/s。径向风速合成为水平风速后,随机误差在38 km处最大为10 m/s左右。该系统白天探测高度为25 km,夜晚探测高度为38 km。与探空数据对比,风速误差均小于10 m/s,其中风速误差在±5 m/s的范围内的数据量约占75.8%,探测的风向误差与探空气球的趋势基本一致,误差范围在10°～20°之间,在15°范围内的数据量约占58.6%。将实测数据与探空数据进行统计分析,结果具有良好的一致性。该系统可以为对流层和平流层大气风场的探测提供数据支撑。     

《网管员世界》“故障诊断”栏目征稿启事

为了能够给网管员朋友提供更加丰富的内容，现征集以下稿件：1．企业网络基础建设与维护中的遇到挫折及解决方法。     

W型纤维的设计

在一些理想的假设指导下,把W型纤维当作相应单包层(SC)纤维的组合,分析了它的基带频率特性和纤维芯子对光的平均约束能力。发现W型纤维的频带几乎没有中间层的SC纤维一样宽,而比另一个中间层无限大的SC纤维宽得多。与这两种SC纤维相比,流经W型纤维芯子外部的平均功率分量则大幅度减少了。用典型的例子推导了实用设计的依据。     

简析多次实验与多次测量的作用

物理实验的种类很多，其中测量性实验主要以测量为主；演示性实验主要以观察现象为主；验证性实验和探究性实验既有定性研究又有定量分析的成份，学生不仅要观察现象还要进行测量，并对测量结果分析概括．从物理研究的角度来看，必须经过多次实验才能总结某一结论或归纳某一规律．然而从编写教材与执教的方便考虑，现行课本上的实验在其具体过程中有一部分仅需做一次，但大部分仍安排三次以上，这些实验大都与测量有关．进行多次实验与进行多次测量的作用很多，现分类探讨．     

Growth of Semi-Insulating GaN Using N2 as Nucleation Layer Carrier Gas Combining with an Optimized Annealing Time

Semi-insulating （SI） GaN is grown using N2 as the nucleation layer （NL） carrier gas combined with an optimized annealing time by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. Influence of using 1-12 and N2 as the NL carrier gas is investigated in our experiment. It is found that the sheet resistance of unintentionally doped GaN can be increased from 10^4 Ω/sq to 10^10 Ω/sq by changing the NL carrier gas from 1-12 to N2 while keeping the other growth parameters to be constant, however crystal quality and roughness of the tilm are degraded unambiguously. This situation can be improved by optimizing the NL annealing time. The high resistance of GaN grown on NL using N2 as the carrier gas is due to higher density of threading dislocations caused by the higher density of nucleation islands and small statistic diameter grain compared to the one using 1-12 as carrier gas. Annealing the NL for an optimized annealing time can decrease the density of threading dislocation and improve the tilm roughness and interface of AlGaN/GaN without degrading the sheet resistance of as-grown GaN signiticantly. High-quality SI GaN is grown after optimizing the annealing time, and AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistors are also prepared.