无载体离子有机共沉淀分离-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海水中铜铅铬镍

以吡咯烷二硫代氨基甲酸铵(APDC)氧化物作为共沉淀剂,建立了无载体离子有机共沉淀分离、石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定海水中铜、铅、铬、镍的方法。考察了海水样品pH、共沉淀剂APDC和氧化剂H_2O_2的用量、陈化时间等因素对共沉淀分离效果的影响,优化了实验条件。结果证明,在p H4~5的海水样品中,加入4 m L 30 g/L APDC,1 m L H_2O_2,静置60 min,待测元素能与海水基体很好的分离。铜和铬含量在0~20μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数R0.999;镍含量在0~30μg/L,铅含量在0~40μg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,线性相关系数R0.998;检出限分别为0.31,0.30,0.20,0.25μg/L,方法精密度好,加标回收率为88.8%~101.4%。方法可用于海水样品中铅、铜、镍、铬的常规检测。     

等离子体氮钝化GaSb材料表面特性研究

利用等离子体增强原子层沉积系统,以逐层刻蚀方式对GaSb进行氮(N)钝化处理,研究了钝化过程中刻蚀周期对GaSb钝化效果的影响。研究结果表明,当刻蚀周期数为200时,钝化效果最好;刻蚀周期数不足(100)时,钝化效果最弱;刻蚀周期数较高(300~400)时,随着刻蚀周期数的增大,钝化效果减弱。     

基于m序列调制技术的叶绿素荧光检测系统设计

针对藻类叶绿素荧光信号微弱难以准确检测的问题,提出了基于m序列调制技术的叶绿素荧光检测系统。分析了荧光检测电路的噪声特点,设计了基于T型电阻反馈网络的I/V转换电路和二级放大电路;根据m序列解调原理,设计了双极性转换电路、移相电路和基于AD630的荧光信号解调电路。将系统应用于蛋白核小球藻叶绿素荧光检测,结果表明,对于叶绿素浓度为10 µg/L的蛋白核小球藻,测量相对标准偏差为2.61%。在0~100 µg/L叶绿素浓度范围内,检测系统输出直流电压值与蛋白核小球藻叶绿素浓度之间的线性相关系数达到0.998。     

WB-KNN for emotion recognition from physiological signals

K-nearest neighbor (KNN) has yielded excellent performance in physiological signals based on emotion recognition. But there are still some issues:the majority vote only by the nearest neighbors is too simple to deal with complex (like skewed) class distribution; features with the same contribution to the similarity will degrade the classification accuracy; samples in boundaries between classes are easily misclassified when k is larger. Therefore, we propose an improved KNN algorithm called WB-KNN, which takes into account the weight (both features and classification) and boundaries between classes. Firstly, a novel weighting method based on the distance and farthest neighbors named WDF is proposed to weight the classification, which improves the voting accuracy by making the nearer neighbors contribute more to the classification and using the farthest neighbors to reduce the weight of non-target class. Secondly, feature weight is introduced into the distance formula, so that the significant features contribute more to the similarity than noisy or irrelevant features. Thirdly, a voting classifier is adopted in order to overcome the weakness of KNN in boundaries between classes by combining different classifiers. Results of WB-KNN algorithm are encouraging compared with the traditional KNN and other classification algorithms on the physiological dataset with a skewed class distribution. Classification accuracy for 29 participants achieves 94.219 2% for the recognition of four emotions.     

Effect of surfactant on performance of ZnO humidity sensor

In this study, using surfactant monoethanolamine (MEA), zinc oxide (ZnO)-MEA humidity sensor based on ZnO was successfully prepared by hydrothermal method. MEA makes the surface of the ZnO-MEA have more oxygen vacancy and hydrophilic functional groups, which improves the performance of ZnO humidity sensor. ZnO-MEA achieved a change of 4 orders of magnitude at room temperature in the relative humidity (RH) from 11% to 95%, and it shows better linearity, shorter response/recovery time (20 s/15.9 s), smaller humidity lag and long-term stability. In addition, the distribution of ZnO-MEA particles is more uniform and provides more active sites for adsorption of water molecules to enhance humidity sensing performance.     

基于柱面透镜Otto结构SPR效应的金属薄膜厚度测量方法

基于柱面透镜修正Otto结构产生的表面等离子体共振(SPR)效应,提出一种测量金属薄膜厚度的方法。该方法无需用s偏振光提取背景光强,可直接利用在p偏振光入射条件下得到的单幅SPR吸收图像拟合背景光强,进而得到竖直方向上的归一化反射率曲线。从而建立光学薄膜模型并拟合了反射率曲线,反演出待测金属薄膜的厚度参数。实验对一个纳米级厚度的Au膜样品进行测量,测量结果表明,Au膜的平均厚度与商用光谱椭偏仪的测量结果之差为0.1 nm,验证了该方法的有效性。     

反射式可控红外部分偏振辐射源设计与测试

为了对偏振热成像系统进行定标,设计了反射式红外可控部分偏振辐射源,从理论计算和实验测量两方面进行对比论证.首先,推导了铝反射镜的穆勒矩阵,提出了辐射源出射辐射偏振态的理论计算方法,结果表明,能够产生线偏振度小于0.80、圆偏振度小于0.60的长波红外部分偏振辐射.然后,基于铝反射镜搭建了部分偏振辐射源,并用线偏振热成像系统对出射辐射的偏振态进行测量,结果表明该辐射源可以产生线偏振度在0.25~0.85之间的长波红外部分偏振辐射,当铝反射镜入射角低于80°时,线偏振度测量值的相对标准偏差低于6%.     

以2,2′-联吡啶与丙二腈为添加剂的苯乙烯活性自由基聚合的研究

研究了稳定自由基存在下苯乙烯的活性聚合 .发现在 2 ,2′ 联吡啶的存在下 ,苯乙烯聚合的分子量控制效果提高 ,分子量可控 ,分子量分布较窄 .在与丙二腈共同作用时 ,可在 4h内达到 85 %的转化率 ,分子量分布在 1 5以下 ,分子量控制误差在 2 0 %以下 .设计分子量在 1× 10 4 ～ 9× 10 4 的范围内 ,实测分子量和理论分子量相近 .     

甲基橙—溴化十六烷基三甲胺三元络合物分光光度法测定微量铜（Ⅱ）

本介绍了甲基橙与铜在ＰＨ３．８时与溴化十六烷基三甲胺形成三元胶束络合物增溶于聚乙烯醇体系中，其表观摩尔吸系数ε５８０为２．９５×１０＾６Ｌ．ｍｏｎ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１，铜（Ⅱ）浓度在０．１－０．６μｇ／２５ｍＬ范围内与吸光度成线性关系。用此法分析人中铜含量，结果满意。