原子力显微术研究进展

原子力显微术是微纳米尺度实空间形貌成像与结构表征的关键技术之一。近些年,原子力显微术衍生发展出了一系列令人瞩目的功能化探测模式和新技术。文章从以下两个方面论述了原子力显微术的前沿进展：(1)原子力显微术的功能化探测模式及其在微纳米尺度物性研究与测量以及微纳加工等领域的应用;(2)原子力显微术自身在更高精度、更高分辨率、更快速度、更多功能等方面的进展及在基础和应用研究领域中的应用。文章还展望了原子力显微术的下一步发展方向和正在不断扩展的研究领域。     

柠蒙酸盐热解法制备YBa_2Cu_3O_（7－δ）超导体及其性能研究

本文采用柠檬酸盐热解法成功地制备了反应活性高、均匀、超微（～１００Ａ）超导原粉．在成份调节和粒度控制方面具有独到之处．用这种粉末合成的Ｙｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ超导体，其主相为正交１２３相，ＴＲ＝０＝９１．２Ｋ，Ｊｃ（０Ｔ，７７Ｋ）＝１．８×１０５（Ａ／ｃｍ２），制备小烧结时间短。温度低（≤８８０℃），反应周期短（≤３６ｈｏｕｒｓ），是一种很有发展前途的方法．     

A pair of solar spike emissions

Using the 2.6-3.8 GHz solar radio spectrometer of the National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC), a pair of microwave millisecond spike (MMS) emissions were observed, and their frequency drift rate was measured. The separatrix frequency of the MMS pair was at 2900 MHz. Its emission layer was about 2×104km above the photosphere. The polarization degree was wave-like variation with an average value of about 25% in LCP. An MMS pair differs greatly from the type III bursts pair. For the latter, in a certain frequency range, there is no emission around separatrix frequency. This phenomenon may help better understand the mechanism of MMS.     

FIXED PANSYSTEMS THEOREMS AND PANSYSTEMS LOGIC CONSERVATION OF CHAOS

The study of nonlinear problems was developed in works by means of thepansystems methodology (PM) which does not need the condition related to differentialmanifolds and linear space. In work [2], within the framework of PM, we proved that studyof panchaos, panattractor and strange panattractor can be transformed conditionally intosome forms of fixed subsets. As a continuation of work [2], we now research the pansystemslogic conservation of panchaos, panattractor, strange panattractor and some other fixedsubsets.     

析铁对锅炉钢高温熔蚀作用的SEM分析

析铁对锅炉钢高温熔蚀作用的ＳＥＭ分析韩志海，陈　华，何家文（西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安７１００４９）析铁是液态排渣型锅炉燃烧过程中从熔渣中析出的杂质含量很高的铁。图１是析铁断口的ＳＥＭ形貌。析铁的ＥＤＡＸ成份分析见表一。为了研究熔融...     

Bent函数的演化设计

本文揭示了布尔函数部分点谱值和其子函数谱值的关系.通过这一关系,利用带指导的演化算法,容易演化设计出几乎所有的6元Bent函数,可以演化设计出部分8元Bent函数.最后指出本文的理论模型等价于Bent函数的一般构造法,且更有效,而且具有设计自动化的优点.     

不同占空比光刺激对稳态视觉诱发电位的影响研究

目前稳态视觉诱发电位(Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials, SSVEP)被广泛应用于脑机接口技术和医学临床检测和治疗.了解影响SSVEP参数及其规律非常必要.针对目前不同学者在不同实验条件下测试闪烁光脉冲占空比对SSVEP影响的结果差异较大而难以归纳其共性规律问题, 将光脉冲刺激下产生神经冲动的视觉皮层细胞沿内外膜流动的电流等效为一磁偶极子, 在此基础上建立了人头部空间电场及SSVEP计算模型.采用该模型对光脉冲占空比影响SSVEP的规律进行了分析, 并开展了相关实验.研究结果表明:在闪烁光频率和强度相同条件下, 光脉冲占空比对SSVEP各次谐波振幅及其平均功率的影响呈现多“窗口”效应.实验数据与理论研究结果一致.     

波前编码超分辨成像技术

波前编码作为一种经典的计算成像技术,以能够大幅度拓展光学成像系统的焦深而闻名,并得到了学术界及工业界长期的关注。实际上,除了焦深的拓展,波前编码还具备实现超分辨率成像的潜力,而这在已有的研究中鲜有讨论。一方面,相位掩膜板的引入在降低光学系统传递函数并使其对离焦不敏感的同时,也有效降低了欠采样数字成像系统中的混叠效应,从而提供了更适合于进行超分辨率重构的数据源。另一方面,相位掩膜板所引起的点扩散函数支持域的巨大化效应使得以数字的方式、从采样间隔可以被认为是无限小的、理想的光学焦平面点扩散函数来计算与特定探测器物理像元大小相对应的采样点扩散函数成为可能。因此,从这两个特点出发,提出了一种为波前编码系统定制的、基于单帧图像放大的超分辨率重构算法,并且研制了原型样机对超分辨率的效果进行了检验。试验表明:焦距50 mm/F数4.5的Cooke三片系统除了焦深拓展超过20倍且具有接近衍射受限成像品质之外,利用复原算法能够实现至少3倍的高品质超分辨率重建效果。     

Interfacial defect engineering and photocatalysis properties of hBN/MX2 (M = Mo,W, and X = S,Se heterostructures

Van der Waals (VDW) heterostructures have attracted significant research interest due to their tunable interfacial properties and potential applications in many areas such as electronics, optoelectronic, and heterocatalysis. In this work, the influences of interfacial defects on the electronic structures and photocatalytic properties of hBN/MX₂ (M = Mo, W, and X=S, Se) are studied using density functional theory calculations. The results reveal that the band alignment of hBN/MX₂ can be adjusted by introducing vacancies and atomic doping. The type-I band alignment of the host structure is maintained in the heterostructure with n-type doping in the hBN sublayer. Interestingly, the band alignment changed into the type-II heterostructrue due to V_B defect and p-type doping is introduced into the hBN sublayer. This can conduce to the separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs at the interfaces, which is highly desired for heterostructure photocatalysis. In addition, two Z-type heterostructures including hBN(Be_B)/MoS₂, hBN(Be_B)/MoSe₂, and hBN(V_N)/MoSe₂ are achieved, showing the decreasing of band gap and ideal redox potential for water splitting. Our results reveal the possibility of engineering the interfacial and photocatalysis properties of hBN/MX₂ heterostructures via interfacial defects.