介绍《力学小问题及全国大学生力学竞赛试题》

第五届全国周培源大学生力学竞赛即将举办之际，我们应广大读者的要求，受《力学与实践》编委会委托，整理了《力学小问题与全国大学生力学竞赛试题》，现已由清华大学出版社出版。     

Design of new seismometer based on laser Doppler effect

In order to improve the resolution of seismic acquisition,a new seismic acquisition system based on tangential laser Doppler effect with an optimized differential optical configuration is proposed.The relative movement of the inertia object and the immobile frame is measured by laser Doppler effect,which can avoid the electromagnetic and thermometric interference,and the adoption of frequency-modulated (FM) transmission can improve the ability of anti-jamming.The frequency bandwidth is properly determined by analyzing the frequency of the Doppler signal.The velocity, displacement,acceleration, and frequency to be measured can be real-time acquired by frequency/velocity (F/V) converting the FM Doppler signal. A 100-dB dynamic range and the linear frequency range of 1.0 to 1000 Hz are realized.     

Optical fiber temperature sensor based on wavelength-dependent detection

Semiconductor fiber temperature sensors have been used widely in many fields, but most of them pick up temperature by measuring the optical intensity of certain fixed narrow-band in absorption spectrum.Furthermore, they are sensitive to the loss of optical intensity and the fluctuation of light source power.The novel temperature measurement system proposed in this paper is based on the semiconductor absorption theory and the spectral analysis of method. To measure temperature, the sensor model detects not the certain narrow-band spectrum but the most spectra of the optical absorption edge. Therefore the measurement accuracy and the stability can be improved greatly. Experimental results are in agreement with theoretical analysis results perfectly.     

移动位置信息服务于第三代移动通信

位置信息服务真正做起来,离开移动通讯是不行的,尤其是当第三代移动通讯起来.从位置信息在移动通讯的角度出发,他始终认为位置信息服务应该是非常重要的业务,是仅次于短信的重要服务.但是非常遗憾,短信一年是几百亿的产值,位置服务相当小.于是可以想像,加入把这两个东西结合的很好,是不是可以能够产生信息服务新的产业.以至于达到多赢的目标,我想这是大家共同期望的.首先移动位置信息服务于第三代移动通信将有非常大的特点.     

巧用等价转化解含参数的恒成立不等式问题

求解合参数的恒成立不等式问题是近几年来各类考试的热点题，这类问题由于既有参数又有变量，学生往往感到很棘手，常因解法不当花费过多时间或半途而废．如何处理好这类问题呢？等价转化是解决问题、减少运算量的重要途径，即运用等价转化思想将其转化为大家熟悉的函数问题，运用函数的性质求解．1转化为一农函数问题、经过恰当的变形，将其转化为一次函数，运用一次函数的性质求解．一次函数人X）一kx十b（kwt0）有下面性质：‘（1）人x）＞0在b，n」上恒成立ed人m）＞O且人n）＞0；（2）若k＞0，N4人x）＞0在【m，n」上恒成立ed八m）＞…     

~(58,60,62,64)Ni25.1MeV质子非弹性散射研究及其低激发态能谱和B(E2)比率的IBA分析

使用上海原子核研究所1.4m等时性迥旋加速器提供的25.1MeV质子束,测量了偶镍同位索弹性散射和第一激发态2_~+的非弹性散射微分截面。用零程扭曲波玻恩近似(DWBA)作理论分析,得到~(58,60,62,64)Ni 2_1~+态的四极形变参数β_2分别为0.23、0.28,0.25,0.21。采用相互作用玻色子近似(IBA)计算了这些核低激发态能谱及其约化电跃迁几率B(E2)。并对IBA唯象参数作了初步的准粒子无规位相近似(QPRPA)微观计算。     

高速连续数据记录系统中双页缓存的设计和实现

在高速连续数据记录系统中，存储设备需要速度匹配单元来实现高速连续数据记录，文章讨论了双页缓存在高速连续记录系统中的作用，并以实际开发的记录系统为例，详细介绍了双页缓存的设计和实现。     

阴极铝箔化学腐蚀工艺研究：Ⅱ.关于阴极铝箔容量衰减问题

在３０酒石酸铵溶液中用恒定阳极电流测定阴极箔的计时电压（Ｅ－ｔ）曲线，根据曲线转折电压Ｅ转判断表面氧化膜相对厚度，发现膜厚与电容器有很好对应关系。用ｐＨ＝２磷酸钝化液处理的箔在刚生产出来时表面氧化膜很薄，随时间增厚，容量下降幅度大。改用ｐＨ＝３．４磷酸钝化液，形成的氧化膜较厚，较稳定，容量下降得到改善。对此作了分析探讨。     

Magnetic Properties of Hf0.8Ta0.2（Fe0.97A0.03）2 （A=Al, Co, Mn） Systems

Moessbauer studies on the effect of substitution with 3% Al, Co, Mn atoms in the intermetallic compound of Hf0.8Ta0.2Fe2 are reported. The Al substitution leads to increase of the FM-AFM transition temperature and to decrease of the AFM-PM transition temperature. The Co substitution leads to disappearance of the FM state, only showing some FM impurity component, while Mn substituted compound indicates coexistence of FM and AFM states at low temperature. The phenomena imply complex itinerant electron properties in these magnetic systems.     

紫外写入光纤光栅用特种光纤的研究

本文详细地介绍了如何加强用于制做紫外写入光纤光栅所需的特种光纤的高光敏性、温度不敏感性以及对包层模的高度抑制性等。