核电磁脉冲与开孔金属腔体耦合特性研究

利用基于时域有限差分法(FDTD)的电磁仿真软件XFDTD,研究了核电磁脉冲与开孔腔体的耦合规律。分析了不同极化方向的核电磁脉冲入射时,矩形孔洞长宽比对耦合特性的影响;讨论了核电磁脉冲照射下,腔体谐振和孔缝与腔体的耦合谐振现象;给出了腔体内部电场分布的截面图,讨论了核电磁脉冲入射时腔体内外电场的空间分布情况。研究结果表明:当核电磁脉冲的极化方向与开孔矩形短边平行时,耦合的电场强度比正方形开孔时的要大,且长宽比越大,耦合的电场强度越大;当核电磁脉冲的极化方向与开孔矩形长边平行时,耦合的电场强度比正方形开孔时的小,且长宽比越大,耦合的电场强度越小。极化方向与矩形开孔短边平行时,腔体内产生了腔体谐振和孔缝与腔体的耦合谐振,开孔尺寸的变化会引起谐振频率的偏移;极化方向平行于长边时无明显电磁谐振发生。核电磁脉冲对屏蔽体内的影响主要局限于开孔附近。     

串叠复合材料圆环阵水声换能器设计及制备

提出了一种新型高频宽带压电复合材料圆环阵换能器,综合采用了压电复合材料和多模耦合振动来拓展换能器带宽。通过ANSYS软件对其进行有限元建模仿真,得到了该换能器谐振频率和带宽随压电陶瓷圆环厚度、高度和平均半径的变化规律,并根据仿真结果确定了换能器敏感元件最优设计方案。由最优参数加工得到用于叠堆的两个压电复合材料圆环,并将两压电复合材料圆环轴向叠堆,最终制作了双圆环叠堆压电复合材料水声换能器。经测试,该新型换能器形成了明显的双模耦合振动,其-3dB工作带宽为320~410kHz,最大发送电压响应达147.8dB。研究结果表明,利用复合材料和多模耦合振动可以大幅度拓展高频换能器的带宽。     

对仿真环境下电子技术CAI教学软件的研究

在分析电子技术教学存在问题的基础上提出了在仿真环境下进行电子技术ＣＡＩ教学的离在仿真环境下进行电子技术ＣＡＩ教学的优势互可行性,研究了仿真环境下教学软件的设计思想、设计目标、整体结构、教学内容以及仿真一半和软件开发环境。     

基于共同视域的自监督立体匹配算法

提出了一种基于共同视域的自监督立体匹配算法,该算法根据视差的左右一致性来确定双目图像的共同可视区域,从而抑制被遮挡区域产生的噪声,为网络模型的学习提供了更加准确的反馈信号。研究结果表明:在没有任何标签数据的前提下,所提算法的预测误差降低了11%～42%,且与有监督立体匹配算法的性能相当。     

20Mgβ衰变谱学与15O(α,γ)19Ne反应(英文)

15O（α,γ）19Ne（p,γ）20Na反应链是高温CNO循环向快速质子俘获过程突破的一条关键路径,相关的反应率输入量可通过20Mg的β衰变可布居19Ne共振态并测量其衰变性质来获得。通过高效率高精度地测量20Mg β衰变中产生的质子与γ射线得到了20Mg衰变的详细信息,并构建了完整的衰变纲图,还进行了19Ne 4 033 keV共振态衰变性质的探索,获得了该态在20Mg β衰变中被布居的分支比上限。通过比20Mg和20O镜像能级跃迁的结果确认了同位旋非对称性,为检验相关理论模型提供了精确的实验数据。对于突破路径中有重要影响的19Ne 4 033 keV共振态的性质,有待更高统计的实验进一步研究。The breakout from the hot CNO cycle to the rapid proton capture process can occur via the 15O(α,γ)19Ne(p,γ)20Na reaction sequence, and the β decay of 20Mg can be used as an alternative method to characterize some specific resonances, which will provide detailed nuclear structure input for reaction rate calculations. The reliable information on the decay properties and structure of 20Mg was obtained by measuring the emitted particles and γ-rays in the β decay with high efficiency and high resolution. Attempt was also made to search for the decay channels associated with the 4 033 keV resonance in 19Ne. To test fundamental symmetries, the transitions in the mirror decays of 20Mg and 20O were compared. The precise experimental data presented here would be important to constrain the theoretical calculations. It is desirable to clarify the astrophysically relevant problem by further experiments with improved statistics on the basis of the present work.     

用长气体靶研究22Na+α共振散射

在日本东京大学CRIB 次级束装置上,用长气体靶开展了22Na+ α共振散射的厚靶实验研究。针对长气体靶实验中的两体运动学重构问题,提出了一套包括构建空间复杂几何关系、计算能量损失以及反应运动学的逐事件分析方法;对22Na+α共振散射的实验数据进行了重构分析,得到了E_c.m. = 4.2 ~ 5.4 MeV 区间22Na( α,α ) 的激发函数,从实验的激发函数中观测到了复合核26Al 5 个较为明显的共振峰。鉴于26Al 共振态的衰变模式比较复杂,本工作发现的26Al新共振态的能级性质有待进一步的理论分析。The 22Na+α resonant scattering is studied via a conventional thick target inverse kinematic method with an extended gas target. A data analysis method is proposed for the two-body reaction kinematic reconstruction, in which the spatial geometry, the reaction kinematics and the energy losses are considered. The experimental data of 22Na+ αresonant scattering have been thus reconstructed, and the excitation function is obtained in the energy interval of Ec.m. =4.2~5.4 MeV. Five resonant states in 26Al are observed in the experimental excitation function. Since several decay modes coexist for the observed 26Al resonant states, multi-channel theoretical analysis is thus needed to reveal their structure and decay features.     

光中子源上吸收片功能研究

15 MeV电子直线加速器驱动的光中子源装置,将用于中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“钍基熔盐堆”中的核数据初步测量工作、中子探测器的研制和反应堆相关材料的辐照研究等。光中子源的中子能谱是连续的,中子能量通过中子飞行时间法测量得到,需要利用吸收片确认中子吸收峰,刻度飞行时间,计算等效飞行距离,扣除实验本底等,而实验本底的扣除对最终总截面计算有很大的影响。因此通过Geant4蒙特卡罗模拟软件构建了包括中子源、吸收片在内的模拟实验环境;研究了不同吸收片的吸收谱和吸收片厚度的关系,同理论计算值进行了比较,给出了推荐的吸收片厚度值;模拟计算了中子飞行时间谱,并和实验测量结果比较,确定中子等效飞行距离为5.70 m。Geant4的理论计算也可以模拟出多吸收片本底函数曲线,可用于实验数据的本底扣除和误差分析。实验测量、模拟分析以及理论公式计算的吸收片厚度和中子飞行时间参数得到了完全一致的结果,验证了实验测量的可靠性。A photo-neutron source driven by a 15 MeV electron LINAC is built for the "Strategic Priority Research Program" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences-the "thorium-based molten salt reactor" project to conduct the nuclear data measurement work,develop neutron detector and carry out reactor material irradiation studies.Since the neutron energy spectrum is continuous,the neutron energy is measured by the time of flight (TOF) method,and neutron filters are needed to confirm absorption peaks,calibrate the TOF,calculate the equivalent flight distance,and remove the experimental background which has great influence on the calculation accuracy of the total cross section.Based on the Monte Carlo simulation tool,Geant4 a simulation environment is set up,including neutron source and neutron filters,to study the energy absorption spectra and thickness of different filters and recommended data for the thickness are provided.The neutron TOF spectra are simulated and compared with experimental measurement,deciding the equivalent TOF distance to be 5.7 m.Geant4 can also simulate the background curve of multiple filters and be used to remove background and analyze errors for the experimental data.All the experiments,simulation and theoretical calculation show consistent results on filter thickness and neutron TOF parameters,indicating the accuracy of the measurement.     

改进物理实验教学方法提高学生科学实验基本素质

通过对物理实验课教学的改进,认真安排教学内容,做到“三备”,以启发式代替注入式教学,充分利用多媒体教学设备带来的优势和便捷,激发学生的探知欲,理论联系实际,注重科学实验基本素质的培养,提高科学素质,提高综合能力等几方面,对提高学生的科学实验基本素质作了探讨和研究.     

Investigation of neutron induced reactions on ^23Na by using Talys1.4

The neutron induced reactions on ^23Na are investigated by using the Talys1.4 program. The calculated results for the ^23Na（n, 2n）22Na reaction are found to agree with the experimental results. The cross sections of the residues of the（n, n）,（n, γ）,（n, p）, and（n, np） channels in the reactions are presented, and at the same time, the neutron induced reactions on22 Ne are also investigated.     

Investigation of neutron induced reactions on ~(23)Na by using Talys 1.4

The neutron induced reactions on23 Na are investigated by using the Talys1.4 program. The calculated results for the23Na(n, 2n)22Na reaction are found to agree with the experimental results. The cross sections of the residues of the(n, n),(n, γ),(n, p), and(n, np) channels in the reactions are presented, and at the same time, the neutron induced reactions on22 Ne are also investigated.