A Novel Reductive Cyclization of o-Nitrobenzamides and Ketones Promoted by Low-valent Titanium Reagent

A short and facile synthesis of a series of 1,2-dihydroquiazolin-4(3H)-ones was accomplished in good yields via novel reductive cyclization of o-nitrobenzamides with ketones promoted by TiCI4/Zn system. The structure was established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR,^1H NMR and confirmed by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. This method has the advantages of easily accessible starting materials, convenient manipulation and moderate to high yields.     

基于超像素暗通道和自动色阶优化的图像去雾算法

针对暗通道先验(dark channel prior, DCP)复原图像中的光晕现象、明亮区域色彩失真、环境光估计不准确等问题,提出了基于超像素暗通道和自动色阶优化的单幅图像去雾算法。首先,由改进的White Patch Retinex算法增强图像并计算精确环境光。接着,在传统暗通道去雾算法中引入超像素图像分割和引导滤波算法,使透射率估计的稳健性与精确性得以提升。然后,采用自适应容差对明亮区域的透射率进行补偿,有效抑制明亮区域色彩失真问题。最后,以自动色阶优化算法提高图像对比度。将本文去雾算法与其他算法从主观和客观两个维度进行比较,实验结果表明：采用不同算法对不同浓度的自然雾图进行对比实验,信息熵提高0.2 bit,峰值信噪比(peak signal-to-noise ratio,PSNR)提高0.8 dB,运行效率提高。该算法对不同浓度含雾图像具有良好的适应性,复原图像色彩真实、纹理清晰、细节丰富,去雾效果良好。     

羧甲基羟丙基纤维素溶液流变性质的研究

用旋转粘度计研究了羧甲基羟丙基纤维素(CMHPC)复合醚水溶液在25～80℃温度范围内的热稳定性,以及水溶液和盐溶液的流变性质。借助阿氏(Arrheaius)方程得到的CMHPC粘流活化能介于离子型羧甲基纤维素醚(PAC)和非离子型纤维素醚(HEC)之间。研究发现,CMHPC体系中羧甲基含量较高时流动曲线类似PAC,符合Ostwad-Der Waele幂律模型,而羟丙基含量较高时,流动曲线类似HEC,偏离幂律模型。在CMHPC水溶液中加入小分子电解质时,羧甲基受屏蔽,流变行为主要受羟丙基的影响,曲线将发生偏离。本文还考察了CMHPC溶液的抗盐能力。     

A Density Functional Theory Study on Electronic Structure and Second—order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Some Push—Pull Molecules

Time-dependent density-functional theory(TDDFT)has been applied to calculate the electronic structure and second-order nonlinear optical(NLO) properties of some organic molecules.The two-dimensional(2-D)charge transfer charateristics of calculated molecules were studied and compared with corresponding experimental results.All the theoretical results agree well with the measurement.For 2-D molecule with two-fold symmetry,the dominant charge transfer is off-diagonal,while for three-fold symmetry 2-D molecule,the dominant charge transfer is not only between branches and central group but also among branches.     

铁电体爆-电换能的实验研究

使用掺铌PZT97.5/2.5铁电陶瓷样品在垂直工作模式下,进行了爆-电换能的实验研究。在电感-电容并联负载上获得了1360安的峰值电流;在电阻负载上获得了145×10³伏的峰值电压。实验结果与理论预计符合得比较好。 关键词：     

低价钛促进的酮腈的分子内还原偶联反应

自二十世纪七十年代,McMurry等发现低价钛试剂能引起羰基化合物的还原偶联反应以来,低价钛试剂在有机合成中的应用越来越受到人们的重视,已经发现低价钛试剂能引起不少官能团化合物的还原偶联反应.我们最近几年发现低价钛试剂能引起一些α,β-不饱和化合物和多官能团化合物的还原偶联环化反应.本文报道一酮二腈的分子内还原偶联反应.     

稀土共晶闪烁材料研究进展

闪烁材料已经被广泛用于高能物理、核医学影像、工业无损检测、港口安全检查、地质勘探、航天探测等领域。具有5d→4f允许跃迁的三价稀土离子激活的稀土闪烁材料具有高光输出和快荧光衰减特性,已成为无机闪烁材料的重要组成部分。随着上述各应用领域,尤其是核医学诊断对成像分辨率提出了越来越高要求,核医学影像对探测成像设备的核心材料——闪烁材料性能的要求也有了更高的要求。最近研究表明,具有有序微纳结构的共晶闪烁材料由于具有微米级的像素单元,在对高能射线探测中可显著提高成像分辨率,而受到了特别的关注。本文从共晶闪烁材料的制备、性能优化及应用等方面,综述了稀土共晶闪烁材料中有序微纳结构的形成机制及其对材料闪烁性能的影响,以及近年来稀土共晶闪烁材料的研究进展。     

Sign Response Mechanism of TCA Self-assembled Fluorescence Probe for Cu~(2+) Detection: FRET Evidence by DFT

A new type of self-assembled molecule ON-OFF fluorescence probe for toxic transition metal ions, made up of thiacalix[4]arene, micelle and fluorescence group, has been studied by DFT/TDDFT method combined with experiment spectra. Since the mechanism of the optical quenching signal response of such self-assembled micelle probe has always been a controversial issue of uncertainty, the spatial construction and geometric structures of the functional units of probe in the Cu~(2+) ion detecting process were calculated and the mechanism was investigated by the molecular transition orbital pairs method to explore the origination of ON-OFF fluorescence sign response. The results presented that the signal response mechanism of the micelle probe is ascribed to F?rster resonance energy transfer(FRET) which provides new sights different from most of the conclusions by the related research work reported.     

Dual-core photonic crystal fiber polarization splitter based on lead silicate glass

Integral imaging is a three dimensional(3D)display technology without any additional equipment.A new system is proposed in this paper which consists of the elemental images of real images in real mode(RIRM)and the ones of virtual images in real mode(VIRM).The real images in real mode are the same as the conventional integral images.The virtual images in real mode are obtained by changing the coordinates of the corresponding points in elemental images which can be reconstructed by the lens array in virtual space.In order to reduce the spot size of the reconstructed images,the diffuser in conventional integral imaging is given up in the proposed method.Then the spot size is nearly1/20 of that in the conventional system.And an optical integral imaging system is constructed to confirm that our proposed method opens a new way for the application of the passive 3D display technology.