Label-Free and High-Throughput Detection of Protein Microarrays by Oblique-Incidence Reflectivity Difference Method

We label-free detected the biological process of preparing a microarray that includes 400 spots of mouse immunoglobulin G （IgG） as well as the specific hybridization between mouse IgG and goat anti-mouse IgG by an oblique-incidence reflectivity difference （OI-RD） method. The detection results after each process including printing, washing, blocking, and hybridization, demonstrate that the OI-RD method can trace the preparation process of a microarray and detect the specific hybridization between antigens and antibodies. OI-RD is a promising method for label-free and high-throughput detection of biological microarrays.     

设计实现轴向强度调制的衍射相位元件

由于衍射相位元件可以灵活地控制光波波前，故被广泛地应用于光学系统中．到目前为止，衍射相位元件较多地用于光场横向分布的控制，如光束整形、阵列发生器等。但是，轴向光强控制在实际应用中也很重要，设计具有不同轴向光强调制功能的衍射相位元件已引起了大家的注意。我们采用共轭梯度法设计了多种衍射相位元件，可以实现各种轴向强度调制，例如，多重焦点，正弦状周期调制的轴向光强分布，以及赝无衍射光束。共轭梯度法是一种非统性最优化方法．在衍射相位元件的设计中，由于输出面的相位是自由变量，因而衍射相位元件的设计问题可以归…     

Photoelectric Characteristic of La0.9Sr0.1MnO3/SrNb0.01Ti0.99O3 p-n Heterojunctions

Good rectifying current-voltage characteristics and nanosecond photoelectric effects are observed in the p-n hereto junctions of La0.9Sr0.1 MnO3/SrNb0.01 Ti0.99O3 fabricated by laser molecular beam epitaxy. The rise time is about 26ns and the full width at half maximum is about 125ns for the open-circuit, photovoltaic pulses when the La0.9Sr0.1MnO3 film in the heterojunction is irradiated by a laser operated at wavelength 308nm with pulse duration of about 25 ns. A qualitative explanation is presented, based on an analysis of the photoelectric effect of p-n hereto junction.     

STUDY ON LIGHT LOCALIZATION OF ONE-DIMENSIONAL DISORDERED MULTILAYER

Antimonite and cryolite are used as the high and low refractive index coating materials to be evaporated alternately to the glass substrates. All cryolite layers have the same thickness d/4n_a, and the thickness of antimonite layers varies randomly around an average value d/4n_b, with d=650nm, n_a and n_b their refractive indices. Three kinds of multilayer are prepared, they possess the same degree of thickness disorder, but different total lengths, i.e., 10, 15 and 21 perioda. We measure the transmission and reflection spectrum after the light passing through these multilayers. The exponential intensity variation versus total length is experi-mentally demonstrated, and the light localization length is then obtained. Our experimental results can be fitted very well with the numerical simulation. Based on the measured and calculated localization length, the effects of phase coherent: Bragg reflection and Anderson localization are discussed.     

图象相位恢复

一幅二维图象的全部信息应由图象的振幅和相位两部分来描述,如果只知道一幅二维图象的振幅(或相位)和其他信息(随不同问题而变化)来恢复二维图象的全部信息,这就是图象的相位恢复问题。 七十年代以来,以电子显微学中的物质结构分析作为主要应用背景,相位恢复研究已受到越来越多的关注,许多科学家开展了大量的研究工作。目的是利用数学手段从实验测出的图象强度数据中提取出相关的相位分布,从而获得包括振幅和相位分布的完整波函     

钙钛矿氧化物异质结的研究进展

在过去几年中,为了研究钙钛矿氧化物异质结的物性和潜在的应用前景,我们进行了许多探索。在本文中,我们总结了对钙钛矿氧化物异质结一些物理性质的理论描述,揭示了La0.9Sr0.1MnO3/SrNb0.01Ti0.99O3异质结中发现的正磁电阻效应和横向光电效应的物理起源。我们提出的理论模型将有助于理解界面对钙钛矿氧化物异质结各种性质的影响。     

光学系统和电子显微系统中振幅和相位恢复问题的算法

由强度测量来恢复相位,是个很重要的问题之一,它普遍地出现在物理学的许多领域中。对于电子显微术中由双强度测量恢复相位的比较成功相有效的算法是1971年Gesrchbe-rg-Saxton提出的一套算法(GS),随后,不少学者又提出有效的修正的GS算法。由单强度测量来恢复相位问题,也有过讨论,可以利用解析函数特有性质或应用取样定理来实现相位恢复。但上述方法只适用于Fourier相位问题。1981年以来,本文作者根据一般光学变换理论公式,提出了一般变换下系统的振幅-相位恢复的更普遍的描述方式,并由严格的数学推导,给出确定振幅-相位的方程组,利用迭代算法,可以处理各种各样的振幅-相位问题。本文对上述诸种算法做了综合性评述,指出算法的优缺点。还举些有实际意义的例子,来说明算法的应用,理论计算与模拟实验结果也作了介绍。这是一个尚待进一步开发的有实用价值的研究领域。     

Photon-interactions with perovskite oxides

Photons with variable energy, high coherency, and switchable polarization provide an ideal tool-kits for exploring the cutting-edge scientific questions in the condensed matter physics and material sciences. Over decades, extensive researches in the sample fabrication and excitation have employed the photon as one of the important means to synthesize and explore the low-dimensional quantum materials. In this review, we firstly summarize the recent progresses of the state-of-the-art thin-film deposition methods using excimer pulsed laser, by which syntactic oxides with atomic-unit-cell-thick layers and extremely high crystalline quality can be programmatically fabricated. We demonstrate that the artificially engineered oxide quantum heterostructures exhibit the unexpected physical properties which are absent in their parent forms. Secondly, we highlight the recent work on probing the symmetry breaking at the surface/interface/interior and weak couplings among nanoscale ferroelectric domains using optical second harmonic generation. We clarify the current challenges in the in-situ characterizations under the external fields and large-scale imaging using optical second harmonic generation. The improvements in the sample quality and the non-contact detection technique further promote the understanding of the mechanism of the novel properties emerged at the interface and inspire the potential applications, such as the ferroelectric resistive memory and ultrahigh energy storage capacitors.     

回望物理所课题调整前后——写在物理所建所80周年之际

中国科学院院士,中国物理学会理事长,曾任中国科学院物理研究所所长(1985-1999年),经历我国改革开放30年的变迁,"课题调整"目前已成为极其通常的科研组织行为;然而在"文革"刚结束的70年代末或80年代初,却是让人费心、耗力的"沉重"难题.如今,回顾中科院物理所从那段历史时期起步的课题调整,这是一项推动物理所发展的科技改革与创新的重要举措.可以说,它在研究所的发展历程上,已显示出特有的时代印记.     

用计算机全息图实现Millin变换

Millin变换可以用到光学信息处理中,解决部分空间平移可变的脉冲响应函数问题,受到许多学者的重视和研究。用光学方法实现Millin变换,至今未取得满意的结果,本文用一维1024个抽样计算机全息图,实现了输入、输出为32个抽样的一维Millin变换。由于Millin变换的特殊性,转换为二维是不难的。