Spectral Effects for an Ultrashort Pulse Train Propagating in a Two-Level Atom Medium

We investigate the spectra of a femtosecond pulse train propagating in a resonant two-level atom (TLA) medium.It is found that higher spectral components can be produced even for a 2π femtosecond pulse train. Furthermore,the spectral effects depend crucially on both the relative shift Ф and the delay time τ between the successive pulses of the femtosecond pulse train.     

A new method and instrument for accurately measuring interval between ultrashort pulses

Using second-order autocorrelation conception, a novel method and instrument for accurately measuring interval between two linearly polarized ultrashort pulses with real time were presented. The experiment demonstrated that the measuring method and instrument were simple and accurate (the measurement error < 5 fs). During measuring, there was no moving element resulting in dynamic measurement error.     

时间分辨的X射线衍射

详细论述了时间分辨X射线衍射探测原子动态过程和生物大分子瞬态结构的各种方法。介绍了多种超快X射线脉冲光源及其在材料和生化领域中的研究进展状况。材料方面:在皮秒时间尺度探测到了晶格间距毫埃的微小变化;在亚皮秒的时间尺度直接观测到晶体的超快熔化过程和晶体内的相干声子散射;生物化学方面:采用时间分辨X射线劳厄衍射方法探测了蛋白质大分子结构的变化和功能之间的关系;精确描述了有机分子在光作用下形态发生改变时分子键角的扭转角度,从结构上揭示了其动态机理。     

静态气体相位匹配高次谐波研究

对低能量飞秒激光脉冲和静态氩气相互作用下产生相位匹配高次谐波进行了实验研究.在激光脉冲能量为0.55 mJ的情况下.获得了转化效率1×10-7的相位匹配27次谐波.分析了高次谐波光谱在不同氩气压强下的蓝移和展宽特性.并且观察到高次谐波的源尺寸在相位匹配条件下明显增大现象.     

应用全反射二阶自相关仪测量超短脉冲脉宽

计算了普遍采用的二阶单发自相关仪光路中的分束片的色散引起的超短脉冲展宽量，指出在脉冲极短时该展宽将导致不准确的测量结果(例如，对于脉冲宽度为3fs左右，通过100μm厚度的K9玻璃分束片，脉冲展宽将达到10％)。基于计算结果，提出了一种新型的采用全反射结构的单发二阶自相关仪设计，通过分波面的方法改变了自相关仪的分束方式，避免了采用透射分束光学元件引起的色散。采用这种全反射式结构的二阶单发自相关仪，可以使自相关测量方法测得的脉冲宽度更为准确，计算得出理论上其最小时间分辨率可达3．6fs。     

载波-包络相位稳定的周期量级近红外超短脉冲激光系统

利用光参量放大过程输出的闲置光载波-包络相位(CEP)被动稳定的特点,搭建了三级光参量放大(OPA)系统,获得了CEP稳定的近红外高能量超短激光脉冲(1.4 mJ/40 fs/1 kHz @ 1.8 μm),其CEP抖动为516 mrad(rms).经空心光纤展宽光谱和块体材料补偿色散,激光脉宽最终可被压缩至小于两个光学周期(<12 fs),脉冲能量达到0.54 mJ.该系统为单个阿秒脉冲的产生和其他高次谐波实验提供了优质的光源. 关键词： 光参量放大 周期量级近红外激光脉冲 载波-包络相位稳定     

基于多光子脉冲内干涉相位扫描法对飞秒激光脉冲进行相位测量和补偿的研究

研制了一套基于多光子脉冲内干涉相位扫描方法的可以同时对飞秒激光脉冲进行相位测量和补偿的实验系统装置.实验中,通过自主研发的LabVIEW程序控制液晶空间光调制器和光纤光谱仪,对待测飞秒激光脉冲施加相位扫描,并同时记录受到调制的飞秒激光脉冲的倍频光谱,得到了多光子脉冲内干涉相位扫描(MIIPS)轨迹图.通过MIIPS轨迹图的三次测量和迭代运算,还原出了经过预先啁啾调制的中心波长约为810 nm、重复频率为1 kHz的飞秒激光脉冲的光谱相位,测量精度在0.1 rad以内.根据测量结果,利用液晶空间光调制器对该飞秒激光脉冲进行相位补偿,得到了近似傅里叶变换极限的飞秒激光脉冲.这一装置将在多光子显微成像、脉冲整形、飞秒激光光谱学等众多领域发挥重要作用.     

Experimental study of K-shell X-ray emission generated from nanowire target irradiated by relativistic laser pulses

K-shell X-ray emission from a Cu nanowire target irradiated by an ultraintense femtosecond laser pulse is studied using an elliptically bent quartz crystal and imaging plate. The designed bent crystal spectrometer has better spectral resolution, which is higher than 1 000. The absolute Kα radiation photon yields are obtained from the experimental results and the Monte-Carlo model. The conversion efficiency of the Cu Kα line is estimated to be 0.019% from the interaction of 4 J, 50-fs laser pulse irradiated on a Cu nanowire target. The high yield of K shell X-ray has important applications in X-ray emission source.     

Harmonic spectra bandwidth broadening with a new polarization gating

A new polarization gating is demonstrated by our principle-of-proof experiment, which is theoretically proposed to generate the isolated or double attosecond pulses with the multi-cycle driving laser pulse in the previous work [Optics Express. 20, 5196 （2012）]. In the experiment, the polarization gating is formed by two orthogonally-polarized linearly chirped multi-cycle laser pulses, and the spectral bandwidths of tile harmonics are broadened by more than two times, which agree with the previous theoretical work.