用于光纤水听器降噪的自适应滤波器

分析了自适应滤波器的原理和算法流程,在Labview软件中采用自适应滤波中的噪声抵消方法对实验中的光纤水听器阵列内的单元数据进行了处理,结果表明在静态目标检测中,可以在不降低信号强度的情况下,将整体噪声水平降低10dB,从而可以得到清晰的阵列波束图;在对拖曳噪声数据的处理中,噪声也得到了明显的抑制。因此,将自适应滤波器用于光纤水听器传感信号的后处理有一定的应用价值。     

Flat lenses constructed by graded negative index-based photonic crystals with tuned configurations

Flat lenses are designed by means of graded negative refractive index-based photonic crystals （PCs） constructed using air-holes tuned with different shapes. By gradually modifying the filling factor along the transverse direction, we obtain the graded negative index-based lenses for the purpose of focusing an incident plane wave. The finite-difference and timedomain （FDTD） algorithm is adopted for numerical calculation. Our calculation results indicate that these lenses can finely focus incident plane waves. Moreover, for the same size of air-holes, the focusing properties of the lens with rectangular air-holes are better than those with the other shaped air-holes. The graded negative index PCs lenses could possibly enable new applications in optoelectronic systems.     

理性调控聚合物给体-非富勒烯受体的混溶性制备高效率有机太阳能电池※

除了非富勒烯受体的设计与合成, 聚合物给体的选择对非富勒烯太阳能电池的光伏性能同样重要. 本工作设计并合成一种共轭骨架无sp³杂化碳原子的新型非富勒受体(命名为MDB), 并将其作为模型化合物研究给受体混溶性和分子有序堆积对太阳能电池性能的影响. 本工作选择三种宽带隙聚合物给体(PM6、J71和P3HT)与MDB共混来制备太阳能电池. 得益于MDB和PM6之间适度的混溶性, 由二者组成的混合膜表现出合适的相分离, “face-on”的分子取向和更紧密有序的分子堆积, 从而促进了载流子传输, 并抑制了电荷复合. 因此基于PM6:MDB的器件实现了13.26%的优异光电转换效率, 远高于基于J71:MDB (8.16%)和P3HT:MDB (0.45%)的器件. 该工作证明了给体-受体之间合适的混溶性是实现高效率有机太阳能电池的关键因素之一, 这对有机光伏材料的设计与合成具有重要指导意义.     

长周期莫尔光栅的实验研究

相移长周期光栅和变迹长周期光栅作为两种特殊的长周期光纤光栅,由于其特殊的光谱特性,受到了人们的关注。结合长周期莫尔光栅理论,利用紫外逐点写入和两次曝光法,通过灵活地控制两次曝光的周期、起始位置、曝光量等制作参数,在高掺锗载氢光纤上写入了多种长周期莫尔光栅,实现了长周期光纤光栅的相移效应和变迹效应。结果表明,莫尔技术可以被很好地应用于相移长周期光栅和变迹长周期光栅等特殊光栅的制作。     

Tunability of graded negative index-based photonic crystal lenses for fine focusing

Graded negative refractive index-based photonic crystal (PC) lenses are designed by gradually modifying the sizes of air holes along the transverse direction for focusing the incident plane wave. To study the tunability of the graded negative index-based PC, we introduce filling factor A, gradually tune the filling factor, and use the finite-difference and time-domain (FDTD) algorithm for numerical calculation. Our calculation results indicate that the focal length and the spot size increase with A increasing. For the same A value, the focal length of a PC with elliptical air holes is the longest, and those of PC with square and rectangular air holes are the shortest. Moreover, when the focal length is greater than 1 μm, the focal parameters of the PC are highly insensitive to the variation of A. When the focal length is less than 1 μm, the PC lenses have higher transmittances and all well focus with a beam spot size breaking the diffraction limit. This feature possibly makes the graded negative index-based PC lenses have some new applications in optoelectronic systems.     

Experimental investigation of pre-irradiation effect on radiation sensitivity of temperature sensing fiber Bragg gratings

The effect of pre-irradiation on radiation sensitivity of fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs) is verified experimentally.FBGs are fabricated in photosensitive optical fibers and single mode fibers with Ge-concentration in a range from 3 mol% to 23.37 mol% in the core.In experiments,the FBGs are subjected to twice γ-radiation exposures to a Co60 source at a dose-rate of 0.1 Gy/s up to a total dose of 50 kGy.Pre-irradiation treatment can reduce the temperature sensitivity variation of FBGs by 18.12%-35.91%,as well as Bragg wavelength shift(BWS) by 8%-27.08 %.Our research demonstrates that pre-irradiation treatment is a feasible method to improve the radiation tolerance of FBGs.     

一类时滞非线性系统的自适应模糊控制

对于一类SISO输入时滞已知,状态时滞不确定但有上界的能采用后推设计方法的非线性系统提出一种基于后推设计、自适应模糊控制和滑模控制的控制方案.通过状态变换,把输入时滞系统转化为无输入时滞的系统.用模糊系统来估计系统的未知连续函数,对转化后的新系统设计自适应滑模控制器,使得新系统的状态有界,通过递推证得原系统的状态半全局一致有界.     

二苯型[16]和[18]环系氮杂支链套索冠醚的合成

以氢氧化钠为缩合剂，２，２′－二（邻－羟基苯氧基）丙烷（Ⅰａ）分别与Ｎ－对甲苯基二乙醇胺二对甲苯磺酸酯（Ⅱａ），Ｎ－对甲苯磺酰基二乙醇胺二对甲苯磺酸酯（Ⅱｂ）反应生成二苯型［１６］环系氮杂冠醚化合物（１～２）．２在过量苯酚存在下，用４０％氢溴酸去对甲苯磺酰基得到相应的亚胺型氮杂冠醚（３）．２，２′－二（邻－羟基苯氧基）乙醚（Ⅰｂ）分别与（Ⅱａ）及Ｎ－苯基二乙醇胺二对甲苯磺酸酯（Ⅱｃ）缩合得到二苯型［１８］环系氮杂冠醚化合物（４～５）．以上５种化合物均未见文献报道，其结构皆经ＩＲ，１ＨＮＭＲ，ＭＳ和元素分析确证     

TiO2纳米微球的制备及在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

以四氯化钛、盐酸为原料,制备出花状TiO₂纳米微球,利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）等测试方法,对样品的结构和形貌进行了表征。为了提高TiO₂微球电池的光电性能,利用TiO₂微球作为反射层构造了双层结构的薄膜电极,结果表明,双层结构染料敏化太阳能电池在100 mW·cm^-2（1.5 G）光照条件下,短路光电流J_sc为17.64 mA·cm^-2,开路光电压Voc为0.74 V,填充因子FF为0.63和光电转化效率η为8.33%。相比TiO₂微球制备的太阳能电池,双层结构染料敏化太阳能电池光电转化效率提高至5.3倍。最后对电极中染料的吸附量、电极的光散射性能和电池的电化学阻抗做了进一步研究和分析,研究表明,双层结构电池增强光的捕获能力,从而提高光伏性能。     

丝网印刷法制备纳米银线透明导电薄膜

以高纯纳米银线作为导电介质,采用低成本丝网印刷法在普通透明玻璃基底上制备纳米银线薄膜层。经低温退火处理后,采用冷场发射扫描电子显微镜对薄膜的形貌进行表征;分别采用紫外可见分光光度计和四探针测试仪对薄膜的光学透过率和导电性能进行测试。实验系统研究了印刷浆料中纳米银线的含量、印刷层数和退火温度对薄膜的光学透过率和导电性能的影响。当印刷浆料中纳米银线的含量为3%(w/w),印刷层数达到3层,经低温275℃退火后,可制备出光电性能良好的纳米银线薄膜,该薄膜最大可见光透过率为39.4%,表面方块电阻仅为25.6Ω·□^-1。