Influence of varied doping structure on photoemissive property of photocathode

The built-in electric fields within a varied doping GaAs photocathode may promote the transport of electrons from the bulk to the surface,thus the quantum efficiency of the cathode can be enhanced remarkably. But this enhancement,which might be due to the increase in either the number or the energy of electrons reaching the surface,is not clear at present. In this paper,the energy distributions of electrons in a varied doping photocathode and uniform doping photocathode before and after escaping from the cathode surface are analysed,and the number of electrons escaping from the surface in different cases is calculated for the two kinds of photocathodes. The results indicate that the varied doping structure can not only increase the number of electrons reaching the surface but also cause an offset of the electron energy distribution to high energy. That is the root reason for the enhancement of the quantum efficiency of a varied doping GaAs photocathode.     

负电子亲和势光电阴极量子效率公式的修正

量子效率是表征负电子亲和势（NEA）光电阴极发射性能的最重要的特性参数,准确建立量子效率公式为揭示各个阴极参量对整体性能的影响以及NEA光电阴极的优化设计提供了重要的理论指导.在对NEA光电阴极体内及表面光电发射过程的分析基础上,考虑入射光子能量、表面能带弯曲区以及表面势垒对电子发射的影响,对表面逸出概率和电子衰减长度进行了修正,并利用积分法推导了NEA光电阴极的量子效率公式,其理论预测曲线与实验曲线基本一致,从而验证了修正公式的实用性.为NEA光电阴极的研究提供了有效的理论参考依据. 关键词： 负电子亲和势光电阴极 量子效率 能带弯曲区 衰减长度     

Comparative research on the transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes of exponential-doping structures

Early research has shown that the varied doping structures of the active layer of GaAs photocathodes have been proven to have a higher quantum efficiency than uniform doping structures. On the basis of our early research on the surface photovoltage of GaAs photocathodes, and comparative research before and after activation of reflection-mode GaAs photocathodes, we further the comparative research on transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes. An exponential doping structure is the typical varied doping structure that can form a uniform electric field in the active layer. By solving the one-dimensional diffusion equation for no equilibrium minority carriers of transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes of the exponential doping structure, we can obtain the equations for the surface photovoltage (SPV) curve before activation and the spectral response curve (SRC) after activation. Through experiments and fitting calculations for the designed material, the body-material parameters can be well fitted by the SPV before activation, and proven by the fitting calculation for SRC after activation. Through the comparative research before and after activation, the average surface escape probability (SEP) can also be well fitted. This comparative research method can measure the body parameters and the value of SEP for the transmission-mode GaAs photocathode more exactly than the early method, which only measures the body parameters by SRC after activation. It can also help us to deeply study and exactly measure the parameters of the varied doping structures for transmission-mode GaAs photocathodes, and optimize the Cs-O activation technique in the future.     

红外热像仪CRT显示器小型驱动电路设计

介绍了利用CD1379进行红外热像仪CRT显示器小型驱动电路设计的一种实现方法.对于系统硬件的电路设计给予了描述,并给出了实验的测试结果.该系统具有体积小、功耗低、工作稳定、性能优越、电路成本低廉的特点.     

真空二极管光电转换效率研究

在光子增强型热电子发射转换机制的理论基础上,研究了NaCsSb真空二极管在光照和加热条件同时作用下的表现.光电转换效率实验测试了在不同波长以及不同温度条件下,NaCsSb真空二极管的电流-电压曲线和功率-电压曲线,并计算了NaCsSb真空二极管的光电转换效率.实验结果表明,光照和加热条件共同具备时,NaCsSb真空二极管产生的功率约为仅提供光照条件时的两倍多.在同一波长下,加热时的真空二极管转换效率更高.     

GaAs真空电子源衰减模型研究

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)仪对激活后的GaAs真空电子源进行了随时间衰减变化的XPS分析,分析发现了电子源阴极表面各元素百分含量随时间的变化,揭示了杂质气体吸附造成的偶极矩方向的改变是电子源灵敏度显著下降的主要原因.基于上述结论,通过分析真空系统中杂质气体的吸附过程,推导并得到了GaAs电子源衰减模型.该模型从理论上揭示了GaAs电子源的指数衰减规律以及寿命与真空度的反比关系,与实验现象完全一致. 关键词： 电子源 X射线光电子能谱 衰减模型 真空度     

GaAs光电阴极在不同强度光照下的稳定性

利用多信息量测试系统分别测试了反射式GaAs光电阴极激活后在0(无光照)，33和100lx白光照射情况下阴极的光电流衰减变化曲线，计算得到其寿命分别为320，160和75min，阴极稳定性随光照强度的增加而降低，测试了只有光照(100lx)而无光电流流过阴极时阴极的寿命为100min. 通过比较发现光照比光电流对阴极稳定性的影响更大. 还测试了阴极在33lx光照下量子效率曲线随时间的衰减，发现阴极低能光子的量子效率下降速度更快，导致量子效率曲线形状不断发生变化. 基于修正后的反射式阴极量子效率公式对这种变化进行了理论分析，发现与光电子的谷间散射和阴极衰减过程中表面势垒形状的变化有关.     

发射层厚度对反射式GaAs光电阴极性能的影响

通过求解扩散方程,推导了含有后界面复合速率的反射式GaAs光电阴极量子效率公式,并利用MBE在GaAs (100)衬底上外延生长了发射层厚度分别为1.6 μm、2.0 μm和2.6 μm,掺杂浓度为1×1019cm－3的三个反射式GaAs阴极样品,进行了激活实验.实验结果显示:随着发射层厚度的增加,阴极的长波量子效率和灵敏度都有所提高,而这种提高与阴极电子扩散长度的增长有关.同时,理论仿真研究发现,当后界面复合速率小于或等于105cm/s时,阴极发射层有一个最佳厚度,此时阴极灵敏度最高.后界面复合速率对阴极灵敏度在发射层厚度较小时影响较大,而随着厚度的增大阴极灵敏度最终趋于稳定.     

像增强器光阴极在热冲击环境下噪声频谱分析

利用自行设计的CMETS005型检测与光谱测试系统对微光瞄准镜进行测试,完成了像增强器光阴极在热冲击环境下的噪声频谱特性测试。试验与分析结果表明:像增强器经过温度冲击后的噪声功率谱在0~1kHz范围内随频率增加而变化较大,呈1/f噪声特性。当环境温度升高时,光电阴极中的热致电流密度增大,从而导致微光瞄准镜观察景物图像时的对比度与鉴别率降低,最后引起夜视系统探测目标性能的下降。     

GaN(0001)表面电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于第一性原理的密度泛函理论平面波超软赝势方法计算了(2×2)GaN(0001)清洁表面的能带结构、态密度、表面能、功函数和光学性质.发现弛豫后GaN(0001)表面的能带结构发生较大变化,表面呈现金属导电特性,导带底附近存在明显的表面态,在偶极矩的作用下表面电荷发生转移,Ga端面为正极性表面;计算获得了GaN(0001)表面的表面能和功函数分别为2.1J.m^-2和4.2eV;比较分析了GaN(0001)表面和体相GaN的光学性质,发现两者存在较大差异.