Noise effect in metabolic networks

Constraint-based models such as flux balance analysis (FBA) are a powerful tool to study biological metabolic networks. Under the hypothesis that cells operate at an optimal growth rate as the result of evolution and natural selection, this model successfully predicts most cellular behaviours in growth rate. However, the model ignores the fact that cells can change their cellular metabolic states during evolution, leaving optimal metabolic states unstable. Here, we consider all the cellular processes that change metabolic states into a single term `noise', and assume that cells change metabolic states by randomly walking in feasible solution space. By simulating a state of a cell randomly walking in the constrained solution space of metabolic networks, we found that in a noisy environment cells in optimal states tend to travel away from these points. On considering the competition between the noise effect and the growth effect in cell evolution, we found that there exists a trade-off between these two effects. As a result, the population of the cells contains different cellular metabolic states, and the population growth rate is at suboptimal states.     

H2O在SrTiO3-(001)TiO2表面上吸附和解离的密度泛函理论研究

利用密度泛函理论研究了0.25单层（ML）,0.5ML,0.75ML和1ML吸附率下H₂O在SrTiO₃-（001）TiO₂表面上的吸附行为.比较了不同吸附率下分子吸附和解离吸附的稳定性,利用微动弹性带（nudged elastic band）方法计算了H₂O的解离势垒.结果表明：在低吸附率（0.25ML和0.5ML）时,H₂O表现为解离吸附;在0.75ML吸附率下,分子吸附和解离吸附同时存在;而在全吸附（吸附率为1ML）时,分子吸附更稳定.基于对H₂O分子与表面之间以及H₂O分子之间的电荷转移和相互作用的分析,讨论了吸附率对H₂O吸附和解离的影响. 关键词： 2O')" href="#">H₂O 吸附 3-（001）TiO₂表面')" href="#">SrTiO₃-（001）TiO₂表面 密度泛函理论     

Resonance in Defect Turbulence under Periodic External Force

The periodically forced spatially extended Brusselator is investigated in the chaotic regime. We explore resonant or non-resonant patterns generated under various forcing frequencies and forcing amplitudes. Resonant spatially uniform oscillation and irregular structures are found. Furthermore two types of regular spatial patterns are generated under appropriate parameters. Our results of numerical simulations demonstrate that periodic force can give rise to resonant patterns in forced systems of spatiotemporal chaos similar to the situation of forced systems of regular oscillations.     

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应用不可分辨跃迁阵(UTA)模型结合相对论多组态Dirac-Fock方法,对金激光等离子体0.40～0.62nm范围内的带状谱和线状谱的主要特征参数进行了计算和分析,理论计算值和实验结果较之于单纯用UTA模型计算所得结果符合得更好。研究表明,对于谱线数目较少而又稀疏的跃迁,基于线谱的单独计算对UTA模型进行修正是合理和必要的。     

First principles studies on the electronic structures of LiMxFe1-xPO4 （M = Co, Ni and Rh）

The local crystal structures and electronic structures of LiMxFe1-xPO4 （M = Co, Ni, Rh） are studied through first-principles calculations. The lattice constants and unit cell volumes are smaller for the Co and Ni doped materials than for pure LiFePO4, while larger than for the Rh doped material. The local structures around M atoms in the doped materials are studied in details. The total density of states （DOS） and atomic projected DOS （PDOS） are all calculated and analysed in detail. The results give a reasonable prediction to the improvement of electronic conductivity through Fe-site doping in LiFePO4 material.     

测量光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射的新方法

线性双折射是光学(含光纤)电流传感头的重要光学参量之一,会明显影响光学电流传感器的性能,因此测量光学传感头内线性双折射的大小对于提高光学电流传感器的性能有重要意义.本文报道了一种测量光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射的新方法,以琼斯矩阵为数学工具给出了对该方法的理论分析及测量不确定度分析,并用实验方法给出了应用实例.此方法的主要优点是弥补了以前报道过的两种测量方法暴露出的无法唯一地确定光学玻璃电流传感头线性双折射的大小,或虽然能测定双折射大小,但测量不确定度较大的不足.实验结果表明:本方法可明显地提高测量准确度.     

Additive Temporal Coloured Noise Induced Eckhaus Instability in Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation System

The effect of additive coloured noises, which are correlated in time, on one-dimensional travelling waves in the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation is studied by numerical simulations. We found that a small coloured noise with temporal correlation could considerably influence the stability of one-dimensional wave trains. There exists an optimal temporal correlation of noise where travelling waves are the most vulnerable. To elucidate the phenomena, we statistically calculated the convective velocities Vg of the wave packets, and found that the coloured noise with an appropriate temporal correlation can decrease Vg, making the system convectively more unstable.     

周期局域空心光束自重建的理论模拟与实验

利用衍射积分理论和干涉理论分析了轴棱锥对无衍射贝塞尔(Bessel)光束进行线聚焦产生局域空心光束遇障碍发生自重建的全过程。数值模拟了周期局域空心光束的传输情况及轴上放入圆形障碍物后不同位置的截面光强分布图,并计算了障碍物后最小自重建距离。研究结果表明周期局域空心光束遇到障碍物后,会绕过障碍物继续向前传输,并且传输一段距离后恢复原来的周期局域空心光束的特性。设计实验光路图对理论模拟进行了验证,通过显微镜和照相机系统拍摄得到轴上圆形障碍物和方形障碍物前后光束的截面光强分布图,实验与理论模拟相吻合。研究结果使得周期局域空心光束的应用得到了扩展。     

基于近红外的柚子品种判别和糖度检测通用模型

针对厚皮果透光性差、不同柚子品种糖度在线检测要单独建模等问题,本文以柚子为研究对象,采集有效光谱325条,对比分析不同柚子品种在710 nm和800 nm附近的两个吸收峰光谱响应特性。550～970 nm全波段范围内的光谱采用SPA无信息消除后建立柚子偏最小二乘判别模型误判率为1.25%;偏最小二乘法在550～970 nm全波段范围和去差异化后750～930 nm波段范围的预测相关系数分别为0.58和0.86,预测均方根误差RMSEP分别为0.84和0.55。实验结果表明,连续投影法结合偏最小二乘判别模型可以实现不同柚子品种的定性判别,变异系数法对光谱去差异化后结合最小二乘模型对厚皮果柚子可溶性固形物的定量检测效果最佳,该研究为不同品种的厚皮果在线分选技术提供了参考和理论依据。     

喷流压比对高超声速流场调制传递函数的影响

设计搭建了基于高超声速(Ma=6.0)炮风洞的气动光学地面试验平台,试验对象为带冷却喷流装置的光学头罩模型.利用高速摄像机并结合背景纹影技术获取了喷流压比为0、04、1.0、1.16和1.8五种状态下的光线偏折信息,结合几何光学传递函数理论获取了对应状态下流场的调制传递函数.试验结果表明,喷流压比增大使得流向和展向的调制传递函数包络面积减小,较大喷流压比下流向调制传递函数在2～4 lp/mm区间出现波动现象.