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101.
102.
光电发射现象,是人们最早观察到的光与固体材料相互作用的基本物理现象之一.1887年,赫芝在研究火花放电实验中偶然发现了这一现象.1905年,爱因斯坦在总结已有的光电发射实验规律基础上,提出了著名的光的波粒二象性假说,并由此导出了固体材料光电发射公式:其中 Ekmax为发射电子的最大动能,hv为一个光子的能量,hvo为固体材料光电子逸出阈值能量.对金属,hvo=Eφ,Eφ为材料逸出功;对半导体和绝缘体,hvo=EA+Eg,Eg为禁带宽度,EA为电子亲和势.(1)式所表达的是单光子与单电子相互作用的过程.按照这一公式,人们基本上解释了已有的实验现象和规律.… 相似文献
103.
Electron emission properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) assembled on a tungsten tip were investigated using field emission microscopy (FEM). The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrograph confirmed the existence of an SWCNT bundle on the W tip. Under appropriate experimental conditions,a series of FEM patterns with atomic resolution were obtained. These patterns arose possibly from the field emission of the open end of an individual (16,0) SWCNT protruding from the SWCNT bundle. The magnification factor and the resolution under our experimental conditions were calculated theoretically. If the value of the compression factor β was set at β= 1.76, the calculated value of the magnification factor was in agreement with the measured value. The resolving powerof FEM was determined by the resolution equation given by Gomer. The resolutionof 0.277 nm could be achieved under the typical electric field of 5.0×107 V/cm, which was close to the interatomic separation 0.246 nm between carbon atoms along the zigzag edge at the open end for the (16, 0) SWCNT. Consequently, our experimental results were further supported by our theoretical calculation. 相似文献
104.
105.
The response time of photoemissive materials is required for detecting ultrashort duration laser pulses. In this paper, the response time of photoemission in ultrafine particle thin film is studied, and the transit time spread (TTS) and response time of peak value (tM) are discussed. The photoelectron's response time will increase with increasing energy of photons. If the surface potential barrier of thin film declines, the photoemissive sensitivity or quantum yield will rise, however the response time will also increase, which means that response-time characteristic gets worse. As an example, the response time for Ag-O-Cs thin film is calculated for different cases when photoelectrons, excited in Ag ultrafine particles, travel through Cs2O semiconductor layer to the surface and escape into vacuum. The calculated response time is about 50 fs if this thin film is irradiated by infrared rays of wavelength 1.06μm. 相似文献
106.
In this paper,satellite peaks of Ti and Ni in electron appearance potential spectroscopy areresearched.On the basis of the multiple split theory of atomic energy level land perturbation theory,the relevant energy levels of a satellite peak are obtained and the theoretical curves are given.Thesetheoretical curves are coincident approximately with experimental ones. 相似文献
107.
108.
用泵浦-探测技术测量了金属-介质复合薄膜Cu-Ba-O的光学透射率在超短激光脉冲作用下随延迟时间的瞬态变化曲线,获得了薄膜对光的透射率迅速减小并在皮秒时间内恢复原状的实验结果。该现象是由薄膜中金属超微粒子内费米能级附近电子被飞秒激光脉冲激发所产生的非平衡态电子经历瞬态弛豫造成的。本文从理论上给出了薄膜中Cu超微粒子的电子声子相互作用常数g的修正数值。 相似文献
109.
本文在前文的基础上进一步讨论了固溶胶粒的生长和施主原子浓度等问题。本文先讨论施主原子浓度的特性,证明它与杂质浓度无关;在胶粒生长后期,施主原子浓度可以近似地用杂质临界浓度表示。施主原子与胶粒的“平衡”,并不意味着系统的自由能处于极小,而是继续缓慢下降,因而在“平衡”条件下测得的施主原子浓度具有一定的零散度。进而从原子扩散角度描述小胶粒缩小和大胶粒生长的物理图象,并讨论了粒子的线度生长速率;接着讨论胶粒有一定分布时的情况。具体讨论了KCl,KBr,KI和NaCl的临界状态,及其有关参量Eβ,β。再后就热凝聚和光凝聚等问题进行一些讨论。 相似文献